{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T23:58:45Z","timestamp":1779235125634,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,24]],"date-time":"2011-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1300924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,24]],"date-time":"2011-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1300924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008426","name":"DePuy Mitek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008426","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the long\u2010term in vivo degradation of biodegradable interference screws made of poly\u2010L\u2010lactide co\u2010glycolide (poly\u2010L\u2010lactic acid [PLLA]\/polyglycolic acid [PGA]) and \u03b2\u2013tricalcium phosphate (\u03b2\u2010TCP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study in vivo the biological behavior of a PLLA\/PGA\/\u03b2\u2010TCP biocomposite screw (Milagro; DePuy Mitek, Raynham, MA), an institutional review board\u2013approved program using anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) interference fixation screws was initiated in 2005. Thirteen patients who had bone\u2013patellar tendon\u2013bone ACL reconstruction fixed at both the femur and tibia with PLLA\/PGA\/\u03b2\u2010TCP screws at least 24 months earlier were evaluated by physical, radiographic, and computed tomography (CT) evaluations. Lysholm, Tegner, Cincinnati, and International Knee Documentation Committee scores were also obtained. Radiographs and CT scans of the operated knee were obtained. CT scan data measured in Hounsfield units (HU) evaluated the material density at the screw and bone plug sites. Soft\u2010tissue and cancellous and cortical bone site readings were also taken. Osteoconductivity scores were determined at the screw sites by use of an ossification quality score (range, 1 to 4).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eleven men and two women were evaluated at a mean of 38 months after surgery (range, 24 to 49 months). CT scans and radiographs showed the bone plug fused to the tunnel wall with no PLLA\/PGA\/\u03b2\u2010TCP screw remaining. The screws were replaced with material that was calcified and non\u2010trabecular. Osteoconductivity was present in 21 of 26 tunnels (81%) and complete (type 4 ossification) in 5 of 26 (19%). Mean screw site densities (femoral, 159 HU; tibial, 157 HU) were not different from the mean cancellous bone density (femoral, 146 HU; tibial, 140 HU). No positive pivot\u2010shift tests were found. Lysholm, Tegner, and Cincinnati scores improved from 44, 3.7, and 37 preoperatively to 93, 6, and 87 at follow\u2010up, respectively. The mean KT arthrometer (MEDmetric, San Diego, CA) difference was 0.8 mm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PLLA\/PGA\/\u03b2\u2010TCP interference screw completely degraded, and no remnant was present 3 years after implantation for a bone\u2013patellar tendon\u2013bone graft ACL reconstruction. Osteoconductivity was confirmed in 21 of 26 screw sites (81%) and completely filled the site in 5 of 26 (19%). The PLLA\/PGA\/\u03b2\u2010TCP biocomposite interference screw is osteoconductive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, therapeutic case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.11.056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,24]],"date-time":"2011-03-24T23:06:51Z","timestamp":1301008011000},"page":"637-643","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Long\u2010Term Degradation of a Poly\u2010Lactide Co\u2010Glycolide\/\u03b2\u2010Tricalcium Phosphate Biocomposite Interference Screw"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"F. Alan","family":"Barber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plano Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Spine Center Plano Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.D.","family":"Dockery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Radiology Associates PA Dallas Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Hrnack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plano Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Spine Center Plano Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ar.1999.v15.015046001"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2006.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00013611-199903000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(98)70099-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2004.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3181cec472"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-008-0684-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2008.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2006.04.096"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200406000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1559896"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(04)00655-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11751-009-0063-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(199722)38:2<105::AID-JBM4>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30595"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0885328208096798"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.01.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2006.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-007-0388-7"}],"container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806310011874?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806310011874?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.11.056","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.11.056","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.11.056","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T08:56:16Z","timestamp":1773564976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.11.056"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,24]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.11.056"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.11.056","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-8063","1526-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-8063","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,24]]}}}