{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T17:32:23Z","timestamp":1790443943701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroscopyjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare clinical outcomes after surgical treatment between rotator cuff tears with and without shoulder stiffness and evaluate the serial changes in pain intensity, functional scores, and range of motion (ROM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study comprised 26 patients with preoperative stiffness (stiff group) and 26 patients without stiffness (non\u2010stiff group). The stiff group underwent arthroscopic or mini\u2010open rotator cuff repair with arthroscopic capsular release and manipulation. The non\u2010stiff group with rotator cuff repair only was matched for age and sex with the stiff group. The visual analog scale (VAS) pain score; University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) score; American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score; and ROM were evaluated preoperatively; 3, 6, and 12\u00a0months after surgery; and at final follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both groups had significant improvements in the VAS pain score, UCLA score, ASES score, and ROM at final follow\u2010up. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding VAS pain score, UCLA score, and ASES score at any period after surgery. In the stiff group, mean forward flexion was significantly lower than that in the non\u2010stiff group at 3\u00a0months after surgery (143.1\u00b0\n                      <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>\n                      154.2\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .003). Mean external rotation and internal rotation were significantly lower than those in the non\u2010stiff group at 3\u00a0months after surgery (37.9\u00b0\n                      <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>\n                      44.2\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .043, and 15.8\n                      <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>\n                      13.9,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001, respectively) and 6\u00a0months after surgery (49.1\u00b0\n                      <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>\n                      57.3\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .002, and 13.2\n                      <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>\n                      12.0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .033, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall satisfactory clinical outcomes could be achieved in both the stiff and non\u2010stiff groups, although the stiff group had slower postoperative recovery of ROM until 6\u00a0months after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level III, retrospective comparative study, prognosis study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.09.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T08:55:08Z","timestamp":1414832108000},"page":"482-487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Clinical Outcomes of Rotator Cuff Repair With Arthroscopic\u00a0Capsular Release and Manipulation for Rotator\u00a0Cuff Tear With Stiffness: A Matched\u2010Pair Comparative Study Between Patients With and Without Stiffness"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Chul\u2010Hyun","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Research Center Department of Orthopedic Surgery Dongsan Medical Center School of Medicine Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung\u2010Kyu","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Research Center Department of Orthopedic Surgery Dongsan Medical Center School of Medicine Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki\u2010Cheor","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Research Center Department of Orthopedic Surgery Dongsan Medical Center School of Medicine Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si Wook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Research Center Department of Orthopedic Surgery Dongsan Medical Center School of Medicine Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young\u2010Kuk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Hanmi Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010Kwan","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Hanmi Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilseon","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Dongsan Medical Center School of Medicine Keimyung University Daegu Republic of 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