{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T15:29:53Z","timestamp":1785684593561,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroscopyjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the anatomic structure and function of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases were screened for all studies related to the ALL of the knee. Two reviewers independently reviewed all eligible articles and the references of these articles. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to all searched studies. Quality assessment was completed for the included studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nineteen studies were identified for final analysis. Pooled analysis identified the ALL in 430 of 449 knees (96%) examined. The ligament was found to originate from the region of the lateral femoral epicondyle and insert on the proximal tibia midway between the Gerdy tubercle and the fibular head. The ALL was found to be 34.1 to 41.5 mm in length, 5.1 to 8.3 mm in width above the lateral meniscus, and 8.9 to 11.2 mm in width below the lateral meniscus. By use of magnetic resonance imaging, the ALL was identified in 93% of knees examined (clinical, 64 of 70; cadaveric, 16 of 16). In one case study the ligament was clearly visualized by ultrasound examination. Histologic analysis across 3 studies showed characteristics consistent with ligamentous tissue. Though not shown in biomechanical studies, it is hypothesized that the ALL provides anterolateral stability to the knee, preventing anterolateral subluxation of the proximal tibia on the femur. One study identified a network of peripheral nerves, suggesting a proprioceptive function of the ALL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review shows the ALL to be a distinct structure with a consistent origin and insertion sites. The ALL is an extra\u2010articular structure with a clear course from the lateral femoral epicondyle region, running anteroinferiorly, to the proximal tibia at a site midway between the Gerdy tubercle and the head of the fibula. The function of this ligament is theorized to provide anterolateral knee stability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, systematic review of cadaveric and imaging studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.12.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,2]],"date-time":"2015-03-02T08:15:34Z","timestamp":1425284134000},"page":"569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["The Structure and Function of the Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Leon","family":"Van der Watt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Surgery McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moin","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Surgery McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin B.","family":"Rothrauff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olufemi R.","family":"Ayeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Surgery McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Musahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Getgood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fowler Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Western University London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devin","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Surgery McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_2","first-page":"297","article-title":"Recherches cliniques et exp\u00e9rimentales sur les \u00e9panchements sanguins du genou par entorse","volume":"7","author":"Segond P.","year":"1879","journal-title":"Progres Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.151.6.1163"},{"issue":"303","key":"e_1_2_3_4_2","first-page":"193","article-title":"Lateral tibial avulsion fractures and disruptions to the anterior cruciate ligament. A clinical study of their incidence and correlation","author":"Hess T.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_2","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Orthopaedic knowledge update: Sports medicine 4","author":"Junkin D.M.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.00262"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.96B3.33033"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2006.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2009.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12087"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198011000-00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s101950200024"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658601400108"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_16_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anatomy and histology of the knee anterolateral ligament","author":"Helito C.P.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-011-1580-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.69B4.3611168"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657900700302"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.219.2.r01ma23381"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caterine S Litchfield R Johnson M Chronik B Getgood A. A cadaveric study of the anterolateral ligament: Re\u2010introducing the lateral capsular ligament.Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthroscin press available online 15 June 2014.doi:10.1007\/s00167\u2010014\u20103117\u2010z.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3117-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.05.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rezansoff AJ Caterine S Spencer L Tran MN Litchfield RB Getgood AM. Radiographic landmarks for surgical reconstruction of the anterolateral ligament of the knee.Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthroscin press available online 17 June 2014.doi:10.1007\/s00167\u2010014\u20103126\u2010y.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3126-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514543770"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000070"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.159.2.3961179"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-014-1966-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658020-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-011-1859-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_30_2","unstructured":"Getgood A. Standard ACL reconstruction vs ACL\u00a0+ lateral extra\u2010articular tenodesis study (STAbiLiTY). Available athttps:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02018354?term=stability+AND+getgood&rank=1. Accessed July 31 2014."}],"container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S074980631400992X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S074980631400992X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.12.015","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.12.015","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.12.015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T08:38:04Z","timestamp":1773563884000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.12.015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.12.015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.12.015","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-8063","1526-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-8063","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Structure and Function of the Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee: A Systematic Review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.12.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}