{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T18:28:12Z","timestamp":1789669692732,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,13]],"date-time":"2015-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,13]],"date-time":"2015-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431475200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,13]],"date-time":"2015-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431475200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To synthesize, in a systematic review, the available clinical evidence of osteochondral allograft transplants for large osteochondral defects of the humeral head.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for studies reporting clinical or radiographic outcomes of osteochondral allograft transplantation for humeral head defects. Descriptive statistics were provided for all outcomes. After checking for data normality, we compared postoperative and preoperative values using the Student\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We included 12 studies (8 case reports and 4 case series) in this review. The study group consisted of 35 patients. The mean age was 35.4 \u00b1 18.1 years; 77% of patients were male patients. Thirty\u2010three patients had large Hill\u2010Sachs lesions due to instability, 1 had an osteochondritis dissecans lesion, and 1\u00a0had an iatrogenic lesion after resection of synovial chondromatosis. The mean lesion size was 3 \u00b1 1.4 cm (anteroposterior) by 2.25 \u00b1 0.3 cm (medial\u2010lateral), representing on average 40.5% \u00b1 4.73% of the native articular surface. Of the 35 patients, 3\u00a0received a fresh graft, with all others receiving frozen grafts. Twenty\u2010three femoral heads, 10 humeral heads, and 2 sets of osteochondral plugs were used. The mean length of follow\u2010up was 57 months. Significant improvements were seen in forward flexion at 6 months (68\u00b0 \u00b1 18.1\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001), forward flexion at 12 months (83.42\u00b0 \u00b1 18.3\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001), and external rotation at 12 months (38.72\u00b0 \u00b1 18.8\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001). American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores improved by 14 points (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.02). Radiographic studies at final follow\u2010up showed allograft necrosis in 8.7% of cases, resorption in 36.2%, and glenohumeral arthritic changes in 35.7%. Complication rates were between 20% and 30%, and the reoperation rate was 26.67%. Although only 3 patients received fresh allografts, there were no reports of graft resorption, necrosis, or arthritic changes in these patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Humeral head allograft\u2014most commonly used in the setting of large Hill\u2010Sachs lesions due to instability\u2014has shown significant improvements in shoulder motion and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores as far as 1 year postoperatively. Return\u2010to\u2010work rates and satisfaction levels are high after the intervention. Complication and reoperation rates are substantial, although it is possible that use of fresh allograft tissue may result in less resorption and necrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level V, systematic review of Level IV and V studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.03.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,13]],"date-time":"2015-05-13T00:48:25Z","timestamp":1431478105000},"page":"1827-1834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Humeral Head Reconstruction With Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Bryan M.","family":"Saltzman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan C.","family":"Riboh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam B.","family":"Yanke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198406000-00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2000.17715"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200608000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/640952"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eats.2013.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509350295"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.92B1.22142"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","unstructured":"Rashid MS Crichton J Butt U Akimau PI Charalambous CP. 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