{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:06:02Z","timestamp":1789625162854,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,10]],"date-time":"2015-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,10]],"date-time":"2015-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,10]],"date-time":"2015-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the clinical and preclinical research conducted on primary repair of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) during the past 10 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search of PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase was performed for all English\u2010language studies published between 2003 and April 2014 on primary repair of the ACL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010six studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the clinical research group, 8 studies (166 patients; age range, 10 to 71 years) met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were largely long\u2010term clinical outcome studies, based on the original cohorts from the 1970s and 1980s, and suggested high failure rates, additional surgery, and revision for instability. A subset of patients, however, achieved good to excellent subjective and objective long\u2010term outcomes. In the preclinical research group, 18 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were based on an ACL transection model; they suggested that (1) stabilization of the knee with an internal suture strut improved the healing and biomechanical properties of the repaired ACL, (2) \u201cenhancing\u201d the repair with biological collagen\u2010platelet composite augmentation improved healing and mechanical strength, (3) younger age and skeletal immaturity seem to correlate with\u00a0improved histologic healing and biomechanical properties, (4) enhanced primary repair of the ACL may reduce post\u2010traumatic osteoarthritis, and (5) the native ACL biomechanically outperformed the repaired ACL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although long\u2010term human studies suggest collectively unacceptable outcomes for open primary repair of the ACL, a subset of patients achieved acceptable long\u2010term results. ACL transection model animal studies showed improved healing and biomechanics with primary suture repair stabilization, early intervention, biological augmentation techniques, and younger age. Primary repair of the ACL may be an effective treatment modality for an appropriately selected subset of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, systematic review of preclinical and clinical Level IV studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.05.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,10]],"date-time":"2015-07-10T17:01:46Z","timestamp":1436547706000},"page":"2233-2247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Primary Repair of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Samuel A.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Trauma and Sports Medicine Services Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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