{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T21:17:00Z","timestamp":1773609420758,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]],"date-time":"2015-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]],"date-time":"2015-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]],"date-time":"2015-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the safety and accuracy of a transhumeral portal to arthroscopically access and prepare the glenohumeral articular surface without subscapularis transection or glenohumeral dislocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 10 fresh\u2010frozen cadaveric shoulders, we used a transhumeral portal and an anterior mini\u2010open rotator interval exposure to arthroscopically prepare the humeral and glenoid articular surfaces. To evaluate our technique, we measured the distance from the portal to the branches of the axillary nerve and the biceps groove on the humeral extra\u2010articular surface, the angle of trajectory of the portal through the humerus, and the accuracy of targeting the center\u2010center of the humeral and glenoid surfaces.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The transhumeral portal allows perpendicular access to the humeral and glenoid articular surfaces without damage to the subscapularis, supraspinatus, or axillary nerve. The transhumeral portal courses an average of 20.7 \u00b1 15.0 mm from the closest terminal branch of the anterior branch of the axillary nerve, enters the humerus 8.8 \u00b1 2.7 mm lateral to the biceps groove, and traverses the humerus at an angle of 46.0\u00b0 \u00b1 4.3\u00b0 relative to the humeral intramedullary axis. Arthroscopic guidance resulted in an average distance of 8.1 \u00b1 5.6 mm from the humeral center and 3.9 \u00b1 1.0 mm from the glenoid center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Creating an arthroscopic transhumeral portal allows perpendicular access to the humeral and glenoid articular surfaces without injury to the axillary nerve, subscapularis transection, or dislocation of the glenohumeral joint. However, this transhumeral portal did traverse within 5 mm of a terminal branch of the anterior branch of the axillary nerve in 20% of our specimens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings describe an arthroscopic transhumeral portal that achieves perpendicular access to the glenohumeral joint surfaces without transection of the subscapularis or dislocation of the glenohumeral joint. This transhumeral portal may assist in articular cartilage repair and resurfacing of the glenohumeral joint.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]],"date-time":"2015-07-15T22:41:19Z","timestamp":1437000079000},"page":"2207-2212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transhumeral Portal for Arthroscopic Glenohumeral Resurfacing Procedures: A Cadaveric Study of the Safety and Accuracy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Kimberly A.","family":"Bartosiak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stritch School of Medicine Loyola University Chicago Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Alpert Medical School Brown University Providence Rhode Island U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brittany Kaim","family":"Degreef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Teaching and Research Foundation Westmont Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stritch School of Medicine Loyola University Chicago Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven C.","family":"Chudik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hinsdale Orthopaedics Westmont Illinois U.S.A."},{"name":"Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Teaching and Research Foundation Westmont Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2003.128195"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(96)80031-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(98)90193-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.79B5.0790857"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.75B5.8376440"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(96)80066-8"}],"container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806315004958?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806315004958?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.003","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T09:25:17Z","timestamp":1773566717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.003","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-8063","1526-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-8063","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Transhumeral Portal for Arthroscopic Glenohumeral Resurfacing Procedures: A Cadaveric Study of the Safety and Accuracy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}