{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T10:23:18Z","timestamp":1773570198909,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify the distribution of the impingement region in cam\u2010type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) or patients with borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) using computer simulation analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 51 painful hip joints from 42 consecutive cases diagnosed as cam\u2010type FAI (center edge [CE] angle \u2265 25\u00b0, alpha angle \u2265 55\u00b0) or borderline DDH (CE angle \u2265 20\u00b0 and &lt; 25\u00b0) with or without a cam deformity (alpha angle \u2265 55\u00b0 or &lt; 55\u00b0) were enrolled. ZedHip (Lexi, Tokyo, Japan) 3\u2010dimensional computer simulation was used to identify impingement points. Computed tomography data were used for 3\u2010dimensional modeling and impingement simulation. The maximum flexion angle and maximum internal rotation angle at 90\u00b0 were evaluated. The impingement point was identified at a position of maximum internal rotation and 90\u00b0 of flexion. Six impingement regions were defined. Differences in the distribution of the impingement region were evaluated between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were significant differences in range of motion at maximum flexion and internal rotation among the 3 groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001). There was no significant difference in the distribution of the impingement point in the cam\u2010type FAI group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .71); similarly, there was no significant difference in the borderline DDH with a cam deformity group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .071). On the other hand, in terms of proximal or distal sites, there was a significant difference between the borderline DDH with and without a cam deformity group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The impingement region in cases of cam\u2010type FAI was variable. The coexistence of a cam deformity affected the distribution of the impingement region in cases of borderline DDH; the region tended to be distributed across proximal rather than distal regions. The site of cam osteochondroplasty should be based on the identified impingement point, particularly in cases of cam\u2010type FAI and borderline DDH with a cam deformity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, case control study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2016.08.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T23:01:31Z","timestamp":1478041291000},"page":"329-334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The Distribution of Impingement Region in Cam\u2010Type Femoroacetabular Impingement and Borderline Dysplasia of the Hip With or Without Cam Deformity: A Computer Simulation Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Naomi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yokohama City University Kanazawa\u2010ku Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yokohama City University Kanazawa\u2010ku Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"So","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yokohama City University Kanazawa\u2010ku Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"So","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yokohama City University Kanazawa\u2010ku Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taro","family":"Tezuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yokohama City University Kanazawa\u2010ku Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Yukizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yokohama City University Kanazawa\u2010ku Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyonmin","family":"Choe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yokohama City University Kanazawa\u2010ku Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yokohama City University Kanazawa\u2010ku Yokohama 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