{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T23:45:51Z","timestamp":1793317551687,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,25]],"date-time":"2017-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,25]],"date-time":"2017-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503619200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine best practices for consistent and accurate evaluation of coronal alignment in patients with patellofemoral (PF) instability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six reviewers examined 239 knee magnetic resonance images (MRIs) in patients with PF instability and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Measurements included tibial tubercle\u2013to\u2013trochlear groove (TT\u2010TG) distance measured at the most proximal and distal portions of the trochlea, tibial tubercle\u2013to\u2013PCL (TT\u2010PCL) distance, and Dejour classification of trochlear dysplasia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Interrater reliability was low for Dejour classification (k\u00a0= 0.289), but improved to moderate (k\u00a0= 0.448) when patients were separated into normal\/Dejour A and Dejour B\/C\/D. Interrater reliability was high for proximal and distal TT\u2010TG measurements (interclass correlation coefficients [ICCs]\u00a0= 0.807 and 0.936, respectively). TT\u2010PCL was moderately reliable (ICC\u00a0= 0.625), and correlated with TT\u2010TG (r\u00a0= 0.457,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001 proximal and r\u00a0= 0.451,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001 distal).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No significant difference was found between the proximal and distal measurements of TT\u2010TG in each patient, though the PF group exhibited higher values than the ACL group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001 for both). TT\u2010PCL was significantly higher for the PF group than the ACL group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.015), but this difference lost significance when the group was divided by the TT\u2010PCL cutoff of 24\u00a0mm\u00a0(\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .371).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The proximal and distal techniques for measuring the TT\u2010TG distance are similar to each other, and reliable despite level of reviewer training or presence of dysplasia. The TT\u2010TG distance was predictive of patellofemoral instability. The TT\u2010PCL distance was found to be less reliable than either method of measuring the TT\u2010TG distance. Thus, this study demonstrated TT\u2010TG to be superior to TT\u2010PCL as a measurement of coronal malalignment. Given the variability in Dejour classification in this and other studies, a more reliable classification system for trochlear dysplasia as defined on cross\u2010sectional imaging is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level III, retrospective clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2017.06.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,26]],"date-time":"2017-08-26T19:00:17Z","timestamp":1503774017000},"page":"2026-2034","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["The Tibial Tubercle\u2013to\u2013Trochlear Groove Distance Is Reliable in the Setting of Trochlear Dysplasia, and Superior to the Tibial Tubercle\u2013to\u2013Posterior Cruciate Ligament Distance When Evaluating Coronal Malalignment in Patellofemoral Instability"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline M.","family":"Brady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health and Science University Sam Jackson Hall Portland Oregon U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaron P.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center South Tower Nashville Tennessee U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Mintz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel W.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Strickland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth E.","family":"Shubin Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01552649"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198307000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-009-0929-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(01)00045-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00434106"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1994.19.4.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453677008991549"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199304000-00032"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.11488"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513484895"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-009-0698-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2005.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-011-1240-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Redler LK Meyers KN Munch JL Dennis ER Nguyen JT Shubin Stein BE. 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