{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:03:18Z","timestamp":1790154198851,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]],"date-time":"2017-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]],"date-time":"2017-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513641600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]],"date-time":"2017-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513641600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare patellar instability with magnetic resonance imaging analysis using continuous real\u2010time radial gradient\u2010echo (GRE) imaging in the assessment of symptomatic patients and asymptomatic subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Symptomatic patients with suspected patellofemoral maltracking and asymptomatic volunteers were scanned in real time by a radial 2\u2010dimensional GRE sequence at 3\u00a0T in axial orientation at the patella level through a range of flexion\u2010extension. The degree of lateral maltracking, as well as the associated tibial tubercle\u2013trochlear groove distance and trochlea depth, was measured. Patellar lateralization was categorized as normal (\u22642\u00a0mm), mild (&gt;2 to \u22645\u00a0mm), moderate (&gt;5 to \u226410\u00a0mm), or severe (&gt;10\u00a0mm). The patellofemoral cartilage was also assessed according to the modified Outerbridge grading system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 20 symptomatic patients (13 women and 7 men; mean age, 36\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.8\u00a0years) and 10 asymptomatic subjects (3 women and 7 men; mean age, 33.1\u00a0years). The mean time to perform the dynamic component ranged from 3 to 7\u00a0minutes. Lateralization in the symptomatic group was normal in 10 patients, mild in 1, moderate in 8, and severe in 1. There was no lateral tracking greater than 3\u00a0mm in the volunteer group. Lateral maltracking was significantly higher in symptomatic patients than in asymptomatic subjects (4.4 \u00b1 3.7\u00a0mm vs 1.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.71\u00a0mm,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .007). Lateral tracking significantly correlated with tibial tubercle\u2013trochlear groove distance (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= 0.48,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .006). There was excellent agreement on lateral tracking between the 2 reviewers (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.979; 95% confidence interval, 0.956\u20100.990).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The inclusion of a dynamic radial 2\u2010dimensional GRE sequence is a rapid and easily performed addition to the standard magnetic resonance imaging protocol and allows dynamic quantitative assessment of patellar instability and lateral maltracking in symptomatic patients. With a paucity of reported data using this technique confirming that these results reach clinical significance, future work is required to determine how much lateral tracking is clinically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level III, case control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2017.09.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]],"date-time":"2017-12-19T09:03:32Z","timestamp":1513674212000},"page":"726-733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Clinical Utility of Continuous Radial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Acquisition at 3\u00a0T in Real\u2010time Patellofemoral Kinematic Assessment: A Feasibility Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Christopher 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