{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:39:15Z","timestamp":1786984755138,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576713600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576713600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576713600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002569","name":"Wonkwang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the results of all\u2010arthroscopic treatment of the terrible triad of the elbow, a combination of elbow dislocation, radial head dislocation, and coronoid process fracture, and its complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients with terrible triad who underwent all\u2010arthroscopic treatment between January 2011 and December 2016. All\u2010arthroscopic treatment was performed in the unstable elbows after manual reduction. Clinical evaluation was performed at least 2 years postoperatively. Patients with another fracture in the upper extremity and previous fracture of the affected elbow were excluded. A radial head fracture that was stable enough to reduce or involved less than 25% of the articular surface for partial excision and Regan\u2010Morrey classification type I and type II coronoid process fractures were treated arthroscopically. Range of motion, radiologic outcomes, surgical complications, and the Mayo Elbow Performance Score were evaluated at the final follow\u2010up. The Mann\u2010Whitney test was used for statistical analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 24 patients met the inclusion criteria, and the average age was 47.6 years. Coronoid process fractures were fixed in all patients, by use of Kirschner wires in 15 (62.5%) and pullout sutures in 9 (37.5%). Radial head fractures were treated using screw or K\u2010wire fixation in 4 patients (16.7%); only the fragment of the fracture was resected in 11 patients (45.8%). In all 24 cases (100%), the lateral collateral ligaments were repaired. At the final follow\u2010up, the mean flexion contracture angle was 4.8\u00b0 \u00b1 1.1\u00b0 and the mean flexion angle was 132.5\u00b0 \u00b1 6.3\u00b0. Clinical scores were satisfactory, with a mean Mayo Elbow Performance Score of 93 points. However, nonunion of coronoid fractures was observed in 4 patients (16.7%). There was 1 case of pin\u2010site irritation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All\u2010arthroscopic treatment for the terrible triad can provide an excellent safety profile without the need for a large incision if the indications are met.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, therapeutic case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.09.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T09:33:39Z","timestamp":1576748019000},"page":"431-440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Case Series of All\u2010Arthroscopic Treatment for Terrible Triad of the Elbow: Indications and Clinical Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Sung Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wonkwang University Hospital Iksan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyeong Hoon","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wonkwang University Hospital Iksan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wonkwang University Hospital Iksan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2015.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.00811"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20151119-04"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-007-0378-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2011.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","first-page":"929","volume-title":"Rockwood and Green\u2019s fractures in adults","author":"Hotchkiss R.N.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200406000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200204000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"Fracture\u2010dislocation of the elbow functional outcome following treatment with a standardized protocol","volume":"65","author":"Egol K.A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2007.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00893"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(15)70004-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-1904-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ar.1999.v15.0150221"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2001.28929"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2009.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2011.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-012-1667-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200012000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_2","first-page":"113","article-title":"Difficult elbow fractures: Pearls and pitfalls","volume":"52","author":"O'Driscoll S.W.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173030-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2004.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198971090-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0502-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0000000000000029"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17453670610046046"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.02.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2007.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.09.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3944\/AOTT.2012.2632"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_38_2","first-page":"6666","article-title":"Comparative analysis of surgical options for medial collateral ligament repair in terrible triad injury of the elbow","volume":"8","author":"Hatta T.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Pavia)"}],"container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806319308023?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806319308023?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.09.014","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.09.014","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.09.014","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T08:46:12Z","timestamp":1773564372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.09.014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.09.014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.09.014","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-8063","1526-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-8063","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Case Series of All-Arthroscopic Treatment for Terrible Triad of the Elbow: Indications and Clinical Outcomes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.09.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}