{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:19:04Z","timestamp":1792513144566,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008893","name":"University of Iowa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00 AR070914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00 AR070914"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008893","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the incidence and characterize the severity of iatrogenic cartilage injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Technique videos of arthroscopic femoral acetabular impingement procedures and meniscus repairs on VuMedi (n\u00a0= 85) and\n                      <jats:italic>Arthroscopy Techniques<\/jats:italic>\n                      (n\u00a0= 45) were reviewed and iatrogenic cartilage injuries were identified and graded (minor, intermediate, and major injury) by 2 independent reviewers. To demonstrate that even minor injuries on a cellular scale result in damage, a bovine osteochondral explant was used to create comparable minor iatrogenic injuries at varied forces that do not disrupt the articular surface (1.5 N, 2.5 N, and 9.8 N). Dead chondrocytes at the site of injury were stained with ethidium homodimer\u20102 and imaged with an Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope. \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      tests were used for analysis; all results with\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05 were considered significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 130 videos of arthroscopic meniscus and femoral acetabular impingement procedures were analyzed and the incidence of iatrogenic cartilage injury was 73.8%. There were 110 (70.0%) minor, 35 (22.3%) intermediate, and 11 (7.0%) major iatrogenic injuries. All forces tested in the minor injury bovine model resulted in chondrocyte death at the site of contact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Iatrogenic articular cartilage injuries are common in arthroscopy, occurring in more than 70% of the surgeon\u2010published instructional videos analyzed. At least some chondrocyte death occurs with minor simulated iatrogenic injuries (1.5 N).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The high rate of cartilage damage during arthroscopic technique videos likely under\u2010represents the true incidence in clinical practice. Cell death occurs in the bovine minor injury model with minimal contact forces. This suggests iatrogenic cartilage damage during arthroscopy could contribute to clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.02.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T11:46:15Z","timestamp":1583322375000},"page":"2114-2121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Iatrogenic Articular Cartilage Injury in Arthroscopic Hip and Knee Videos and the Potential for Cartilage Cell Death When Simulated in a Bovine Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Compton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City Iowa U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Slattery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City Iowa U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Westermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City Iowa U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jhps\/hnx021"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.99B12.BJJ-2017-1337"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.03.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recote.2016.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.00857"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0000000000000084"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3237-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12736"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00545"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aan5372"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517749219"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517749850"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514525910"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.93B2.24977"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603516688511"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-015-0158-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_2","first-page":"95","article-title":"Effects of shear stress on articular chondrocyte metabolism","volume":"37","author":"Lane Smith R.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biorheology"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_2","first-page":"S89","article-title":"Pressure and shear differentially alter human articular chondrocyte metabolism: A review","author":"Smith R.L.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10561-015-9529-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_2","first-page":"42","article-title":"Evaluation of differentially expressed genes by shear stress in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes in\u00a0vitro","volume":"32","author":"Lee M.S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chang Gung Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-009-0166-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-016-4815-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1607038"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/term.1543"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603518770246"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2422051393"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.07.022"}],"container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806320301584?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806320301584?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.02.017","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.02.017","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.02.017","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T09:00:51Z","timestamp":1773565251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.02.017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.02.017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.02.017","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-8063","1526-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-8063","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Iatrogenic Articular Cartilage Injury in Arthroscopic Hip and Knee Videos and the Potential for Cartilage Cell Death When Simulated in a Bovine Model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.02.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}