{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T14:55:52Z","timestamp":1787928952185,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628985600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628985600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628985600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare critical shoulder angle (CSA) measurements using high\u2010quality radiographs in the following groups: Group 1: symptomatic atraumatic full\u2010thickness rotator cuff (RC) tears; Group 2: symptomatic primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA); and Group 3: no RC tear or primary GHOA being treated for glenohumeral instability or symptomatic labral pathology (control group).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective observational case control study with 10 shoulders in each group was performed GHOA and full\u2010thickness RC tears were diagnosed by radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For these three groups, the exclusion criteria were the following: Group 1) partial thickness RC tears, traumatic RC tears, isolated subscapularis tears, and advanced cuff tear arthropathy with erosion of the superior glenoid; Group 2) secondary causes of glenohumeral arthritis; coexistent full\u2010thickness RC tear; and Group 3) glenoid bone lesions that may affect the CSA measurement. Only shoulders with adequate radiographic quality (Suter\u2010Henninger type A and C) were eligible. A one\u2010way ANOVA, followed by Tukey multiple pairwise\u2010comparisons test, was performed to compare the groups. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean CSA values were 37.4\u00b0 \u00b1 4.7 (RC tear group), 28.9\u00b0 \u00b1 2.4 (GHOA group), and 32.8\u00b0 \u00b1 1.1 (control group). The CSA of the RC group was higher than the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .006) and the GHOA group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .000). The CSA of the GHOA group was lower than the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .027). Intraobserver and interobserver reliabilities for the CSA measurement were excellent (Observer 1 [ICC]: .986 [95% CI .970\u2010.993]; Observer 2 [ICC]: .976[95% CI .951\u2010.989]; and Observer 1v2: 0.968[95% CI .933\u2010.985]).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a difference in the CSA between patients with symptomatic atraumatic full\u2010thickness RC tears (4.6\u00b0 higher than the control group), symptomatic GHOA (3.8\u00b0 lower than the control group), and glenohumeral instability or labral pathology with no RC tear or GHOA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level 2, prospective observational case control diagnostic study<\/jats:p>\n                  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