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Clinical studies, technical notes or surgical technique descriptions, or studies treating glenoid bone loss or capsulorrhaphy were excluded. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed with the ROBINS\u2010I tool. Study quality was assessed with the Quality Appraisal for Cadaveric Studies. Heterogeneity was assessed with the\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      statistic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 41 studies were included. ROB was serious and critical in 27 studies, moderate in 13, and low in 1; 6 studies had high quality, 21 good quality, 10 moderate quality, 2 low quality, and 2 very low quality. Thirty\u2010one studies used and 22 studies included cyclic loading. Angle of anchor insertion was reported by 33 studies. The force vector for displacement varied. The most common directions were perpendicular to the glenoid (n\u00a0= 9), and anteroinferior or anterior (n\u00a0= 8). The most common outcome measures were load to failure (n\u00a0= 35), failure mode (n\u00a0= 23), and stiffness (n\u00a0= 21). Other outcome measures included load at displacement, displacement at failure, tensile load at displacement, translation, energy absorbed, cycles to failure, contact pressure, and elongation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review demonstrated a clear lack of consistency in those cadaver studies that investigated biomechanical properties after surgical repair with suture anchors for shoulder instability and SLAP lesions. Testing methods between studies varied substantially with no universally applied standard for preloading, load to failure and cyclic loading protocols, insertion angles of suture anchors, or direction of loading. To allow comparability between studies standardization of testing protocols is strongly recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2021.08.035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T04:03:08Z","timestamp":1631073788000},"page":"1003-1018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Biomechanical Studies for Glenoid Based Labral Repairs With Suture Anchors Do Not Use Consistent Testing Methods: A Critical Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Erik","family":"Hohmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Burjeel Hospital for Advanced Surgery Dubai United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaida","family":"Glatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Tetsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Royal Brisbane Hospital Herston"},{"name":"Department of Surgery School of Medicine University of Queensland Brisbane"},{"name":"Limb Reconstruction Centre Macquarie University Hospital Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Paschos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738117709764"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518755752"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.01.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v12.i1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","first-page":"CD004325","article-title":"Surgical versus non\u2010surgical treatment for acute anterior shoulder dislocation","volume":"1","author":"Handoll H.H.G.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2018.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2010.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658501300508"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-8063(90)90056-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2020.35.e285"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120935001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0095399703258751"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.11.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.01.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509359069"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2020.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_2","first-page":"506181","article-title":"The current testing protocols for biomechanical evaluation of lumbar spinal implants in laboratory setting: A review of the literature","author":"Gonzalez\u2010Blohm S.A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119603"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_2","first-page":"84035","article-title":"Tensile testing basics, tips and trends","volume":"1","author":"Gedney R.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Quality Mag"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_2","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Green S. 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