{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T03:42:29Z","timestamp":1778211749392,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":144,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T17:48:16Z","timestamp":1647539296000},"page":"1714-1726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Disabled Throwing Shoulder 2021 Update: Part 1\u2014Anatomy and Mechanics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Ben Kibler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5518-4615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron","family":"Sciascia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.T.","family":"Tokish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"IV","given":"John D.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Reinold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8873-2219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Ciccotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2003.50128","article-title":"The disabled throwing shoulder: Spectrum of pathology Part I: Pathoanatomy and biomechanics","volume":"19","author":"Burkhart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2003.50139","article-title":"The disabled throwing shoulder: Spectrum of pathology Part II: Evaluation and treatment of SLAP lesions in throwers","volume":"19","author":"Burkhart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(03)00389-X","article-title":"The disabled throwing shoulder: Spectrum of pathology Part III: The SICK scapula, scapular dyskinesis, the kinetic chain, and rehabilitation","volume":"19","author":"Burkhart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.10.009","article-title":"The disabled throwing shoulder\u2014Spectrum of pathology: 10 year update","volume":"29","author":"Kibler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib5","unstructured":"Levitt DR. Ferdie Schupp. Society for American Baseball Research. https:\/\/sabr.org\/bioproj\/person\/ferdie-schupp\/#sdendnote24sym. Accessed August 8-13,\u00a02021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1941.02820330014005","article-title":"Shoulder and elbow lesions of the professional baseball player","volume":"117","author":"Bennett","year":"1941","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib7","series-title":"The Shoulder","first-page":"123","article-title":"Rupture of the supraspinatus tendon and other lesions in or about the subacromial bursa","author":"Codman","year":"1934"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657800600205","article-title":"An analysis of 100 symptomatic baseball players","volume":"6","author":"Barnes","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib9","first-page":"69","article-title":"Bicipital tenosynovitis","volume":"3","author":"DePalma","year":"1954","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(59)90542-2","article-title":"Elbow and shoulder lesions of baseball players","volume":"98","author":"Bennett","year":"1959","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197254010-00003","article-title":"Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome in the shoulder: A preliminary report","volume":"54","author":"Neer","year":"1972","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg (Am)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657600400601","article-title":"Chronic rotator cuff impingement in the throwing athlete","volume":"4","author":"Jackson","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657800600301","article-title":"Anterior shoulder pain in baseball pitchers","volume":"6","author":"Norwood","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198509000-00020","article-title":"Shoulder impingement syndrome in athletes treated by an anterior acromioplasty","volume":"198","author":"Tibone","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib15","first-page":"963","article-title":"Shoulder pain in the overhand or throwing athlete the relationship of anterior instability and rotator cuff impingement","volume":"18","author":"Jobe","year":"1989","journal-title":"Orthop Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib16","first-page":"205","article-title":"Impingement problems in the athlete","volume":"38","author":"Jobe","year":"1989","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900502","article-title":"Anterior reconstruction of the shoulder in athletes in overhand sports","volume":"19","author":"Jobe","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(85)80041-4","article-title":"Arthroscopy of the shoulder in the management of partial tears of the rotator cuff: A preliminary report","volume":"1","author":"Andrews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658501300508","article-title":"Glenoid labrum tears related to the long head of the biceps","volume":"13","author":"Andrews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(95)80023-9","article-title":"Rotator cuff and posterior-superior glenoid labrum injury associated with increased glenohumeral motion: A new site of impingement","volume":"4","author":"Davidson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-15-00585","article-title":"The thrower's shoulder","volume":"26","author":"Gelber","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2009.08.017","article-title":"The outcome of type II SLAP repair: A systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Gorantla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-50.3.06","article-title":"Return to pre-injury levels of play following superior labral repair in overhead athletes: A systematic review","volume":"50","author":"Sciascia","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ath Train"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546520988688","article-title":"Chronic adaptations of the posterior rotator cuff in professional pitchers","volume":"49","author":"Thomas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(05)70300-8","article-title":"Shoulder injuries in overhead athletes","volume":"19","author":"Burkhart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(05)70300-8","article-title":"Shoulder injuries in overhead athletes, the \"dead arm\" revisited","volume":"19","author":"Burkhart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22145","article-title":"Anatomic study of the superior glenoid labrum","volume":"26","author":"Bain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-19-00535","article-title":"Posterior labral injury and glenohumeral instability in overhead athletes: Current concepts for diagnosis and management","volume":"28","author":"Sheean","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Shoulder crane: A concept of suspension, stability, control, and motion","volume":"0","author":"Bain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Joint Dis Orthop Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274010-00007","article-title":"Anatomy, histology, and vascularity of the glenoid labrum","volume":"74A","author":"Cooper","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.76B6.7983126","article-title":"The origin of the long head of the biceps from the scapula and glenoid labrum. An anatomical study of 100 shoulders","volume":"76","author":"Vangsness","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2385-3","article-title":"Anatomical study for SLAP lesion repair","volume":"22","author":"Arai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2006.10.016","article-title":"Shoulder function: The perfect compromise between mobility and stability","volume":"40","author":"Veeger","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(96)80008-5","article-title":"Histologic and scanning electron microscopic study of the glenoid labrum","volume":"5","author":"Nishida","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198906000-00018","article-title":"The glenoid-labral socket, a constrained articular surface","volume":"243","author":"Howell","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(09)80134-1","article-title":"Glenohumeral stability from concavity-compression: a quantitative analysis","volume":"2","author":"Lippitt","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib37","first-page":"181","article-title":"Articular geometry of the glenohumeral joint","author":"Soslowsky","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100100407","article-title":"Quantitation of in situ contact areas at the glenohumeral joint: a biomechanical study","volume":"10","author":"Soslowsky","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199507000-00005","article-title":"Effect of lesions of the superior portion of the glenoid labrum on glenohumeral translation","volume":"77","author":"Pagnani","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2003.50044","article-title":"Failure of the biceps-superior labral complex: A cadaveric biomechanical investigation comparing the positions of late cocking and early deceleration","volume":"19","author":"Kuhn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.75B4.8331107","article-title":"Stabilising function of the biceps in stable and unstable shoulders","volume":"75","author":"Itoi","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(96)80051-6","article-title":"Role of the long head of the biceps brachii in glenohumeral stability: A biomechanical study in cadavera","volume":"5","author":"Pagnani","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198870020-00009","article-title":"Dynamic electromyographic analysis of the throwing shoulder with glenohumeral instability","author":"Glousman","year":"1988","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg (Am)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500611","article-title":"A\u00a0comparitive electromyographic analysis of the shoulder during pitching","volume":"15","author":"Gowan","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.2466\/25.30.PMS.121c13x4","article-title":"The launch window hypothesis and the speed- accuracy trade off in baseball throwing","volume":"121","author":"Freeston","year":"2015","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib46","series-title":"The management of biceps pathology","first-page":"77","article-title":"Role of the biceps tendon as a humeral head depressor","author":"Garg","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198907000-00015","article-title":"The role of the long head of biceps brachii in the stabilization of the head of the humerus","volume":"244","author":"Kumar","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.01.007","article-title":"The role of negative intraarticular pressure and the long head of biceps tendon on passive stability of the glenohumeral joint","volume":"22","author":"Alexander","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.11.005","article-title":"The influence of superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) repair on restoring baseline glenohumeral translation and increased biceps loading after simulated SLAP tear and the effectiveness of SLAP repair after long head of biceps tenotomy","volume":"21","author":"Patzer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.11.013","article-title":"Superior labral tears: Repair versus biceps tenodesis","volume":"20","author":"Burns","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.82B3.0820416","article-title":"The depressor function of biceps on the head of the humerus in shoulders with tears of the rotator cuff","volume":"82","author":"Kido","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg (Br)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198303000-00010","article-title":"Impingement lesions","volume":"173","author":"Neer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500612","article-title":"The combined dynamic and static contributions to subacromial impingement","volume":"25","author":"Payne","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199503000-00006","article-title":"The role of the long head of the biceps brachii in superior stability of the glenohumeral joint","volume":"77","author":"Warner","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib55","first-page":"20","article-title":"Mechanisms of glenohumeral joint stability","author":"Lippitt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib56","series-title":"Baseball sports medicine","first-page":"17","article-title":"Biomechanics of baseball pitching and throwing","author":"Fleisig","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2008.06.003","article-title":"The effect of the long head of the biceps on glenohumeral kinematics","volume":"18","author":"Youm","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659402200119","article-title":"The role of the long head of the biceps muscle and superior glenoid labrum in anterior stability of the shoulder","volume":"22","author":"Rodosky","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199809000-00015","article-title":"Electromyographic analysis of shoulder joint function of the biceps brachii muscle during isometric contraction","volume":"354","author":"Sakurai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib60","first-page":"929","article-title":"Warm up stretches reduce sensations of stiffness and soreness after eccentric exercise","volume":"37","author":"Reisman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Sci Sport Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/19417381211032917","article-title":"Effect of forearm position on glenohumeral external rotation measurements in baseball players","author":"Kibler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22888","article-title":"Effects of biceps tension on the torn superior glenoid labrum","volume":"33","author":"Hwang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659502300218","article-title":"Kinetics of baseball pitching with implications about injury mechanisms","volume":"23","author":"Fleisig","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0b013e3181824f1e","article-title":"The proximal biceps as a pain generator and results of tenotomy","volume":"16","author":"Szab\u00f3","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sports Med Arthrosc Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib65","article-title":"The inflamed biceps tendon as a pain generator in the shoulder: A histological and biomolecular analysis","volume":"27","author":"Schmalzl","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-012-0189-0","article-title":"The long head of biceps as a source of pain in active population: tenotomy or tenodesis? A comparison of 2 case series with isolated lesions","volume":"96","author":"Delle Rose","year":"2012","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib67","first-page":"E71","article-title":"Management of proximal biceps pathology in overhead athletes: What is the role of biceps tenodesis?","volume":"46","author":"Griffin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.07.036","article-title":"Role of the superior labrum after biceps tenodesis in glenohumeral stability","volume":"23","author":"Strauss","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508330127","article-title":"Arthroscopic treatment of isolated type II SLAP lesions: Biceps tenodesis as an alternative to reinsertion","volume":"37","author":"Boileau","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546520921177","article-title":"Biceps tenodesis for superior labrum anterior-posterior tear in the overhead athlete: A systematic review","volume":"49","author":"Frantz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2003.3","article-title":"Age-related changes of the glenoid labrum in normal shoulders","volume":"12","author":"Pfahler","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib72","series-title":"Mechanics, pathomechanics and injury in the overhead athlete: A case-based approach to evaluation, diagnosis, and management","first-page":"293","article-title":"A\u00a027-year-old thrower with failed labral repair","author":"Kibler","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196648080-00003","article-title":"Surgical treatment of bicipital tenosynovitis","volume":"48A","author":"Crenshaw","year":"1966","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg (Am)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260050201","article-title":"The active compression test: A new and effective test for diagnosing labral tears and acromioclavicular joint abnormality","volume":"26","author":"O'Brien","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509332505","article-title":"Clinical utility of new and traditional exam tests for biceps and superior glenoid labral injuries","volume":"37","author":"Kibler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465010290041801","article-title":"Superior labral strain during the throwing motion: A cadaveric study","volume":"29","author":"Pradhan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib77","unstructured":"Sheinin D. Velocity is strangling baseball\u2014and its grip keeps tightening. Washington Post. May 21, 2019;Sports: Online. Accessed November 13, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518765158","article-title":"Summative report on time out of play for major and minor league baseball: An analysis of 49,955 injuries from 2011 through 2016","volume":"46","author":"Camp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib79","first-page":"116","article-title":"Injury trends in Major League Baseball over 18 seasons: 1998-2015","volume":"45","author":"Conte","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-020-09618-y","article-title":"The history and evolution of elbow medial ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction: From Tommy John to 2020","volume":"13","author":"Jensen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119827924","article-title":"Segmental power analysis of sequential body motion and elbow valgus loading during baseball pitching: Comparison between professional and high school baseball players","volume":"7","author":"Aguinaldo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2019.1696881","article-title":"Induced power analysis of sequential body motion and elbow valgus load during baseball pitching","author":"Aguinaldo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sports Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002471","article-title":"Kinematic sequence classification and the relationship to pitching limb torques","volume":"53","author":"Scarborough","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2021.1933158","article-title":"Energy generation, absorption, and transfer at the shoulder and elbow in youth baseball pitchers","author":"Wasserberger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sports Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2751","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514547173","article-title":"Energy flow analysis during the tennis serve: Comparison between injured and noninjured tennis players","volume":"42","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.2466\/30.PMS.118k25w4","article-title":"Throwing speed and accuracy in baseball and cricket players","volume":"118","author":"Freeston","year":"2014","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib87","first-page":"59","article-title":"Timing of lower limb drive and throwing limb movement in baseball pitching","volume":"4","author":"Elliott","year":"1988","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib88","series-title":"Mechanics, pathomechanics and injury in the overhead athlete a case-based approach to evaluation, diagnosis and management","first-page":"3","article-title":"Mechanics of the overhead motion","author":"Thomas","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2020.109909","article-title":"Peak horizontal ground reaction forces and impulse correlate with segmental energy flow in youth baseball pitchers","volume":"108","author":"Howenstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib90","first-page":"742","article-title":"Kinematic and kinetic profiles of trunk and lower limbs during baseball pitching in collegiate pitchers","volume":"13","author":"Kageyama","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sports Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2708","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000937","article-title":"Stride leg ground reaction forces predict throwing velocity in adult recreational baseball pitchers","volume":"29","author":"McNally","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514524699","article-title":"Risk-prone pitching activities and injuries in youth baseball: Findings from a national sample","volume":"42","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738116686545","article-title":"The relationship between pitching mechanics and injury: A review of current concepts","volume":"9","author":"Chalmers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3182a79cd9","article-title":"Altered stride length in response to increasing exertion among baseball pitchers","volume":"46","author":"Crotin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118765655","article-title":"Effects of game pitch count and body mass index on pitching biomechanics in 9- to 10-year-old baseball athletes","volume":"6","author":"Darke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.11.051","article-title":"The impact of fatigue on baseball pitching mechanics in adolescent male pitchers","volume":"32","author":"Erickson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967114537032","article-title":"The impact of fatigue on the kinematics of collegiate baseball pitchers","volume":"2","author":"Grantham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000791","article-title":"Change in pitching biomechanics in the late-inning in Taiwanese high school baseball pitchers","volume":"29","author":"Pei-Hsi Chou","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib99","article-title":"Change in pitch location prior to being placed on the injured list due to shoulder injury","author":"Stone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthroscopy Sports Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.26603\/ijspt20190097","article-title":"The relationship between pitching volume and arm soreness in collegiate baseball pitchers","volume":"14","author":"Lazu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.24146","article-title":"Identifying risk factors of upper extremity injuries in collegiate baseball players: A pilot study","volume":"16","author":"Slowik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738116679815","article-title":"Youth baseball pitching stride length: normal values and correlation with field testing","volume":"9","author":"Fry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2014.08.012","article-title":"Effect of stride length on overarm throwing delivery: A linear momentum response","volume":"38","author":"Ramsey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Mov Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2018.1442872","article-title":"Stride length: The impact on propulsion and bracing ground reaction force in overhand throwing","volume":"18","author":"Ramsey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sports Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2015.03.005","article-title":"An inferential investigation into how stride length influences temporal parameters within the baseball pitching delivery","volume":"41","author":"Crotin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Mov Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2019.10.025","article-title":"Glenohumeral external rotation weakness partially accounts for increased humeral rotation torque in youth baseball pitchers","volume":"23","author":"Wasserberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2011-0229","article-title":"Lower body predictors of glenohumeral compressive force in high school baseball pitchers","volume":"31","author":"Keeley","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.02.053","article-title":"Differentiation of bony and soft-tissue adaptations of the shoulder in professional baseball pitchers","volume":"27","author":"Reuther","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.08.031","article-title":"A\u00a0bilateral comparison of posterior capsule thickness and its correlation with glenohumeral range of motion and scapular upward rotation in collegiate baseball players","volume":"20","author":"Thomas","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.05.028","article-title":"Humeral retroversion and its association with posterior capsule thickness in collegiate baseball players","volume":"21","author":"Thomas","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516687289","article-title":"Changes in lower extremity kinematics and temporal parameters of adolescent baseball pitchers during an extended pitching bout","volume":"45","author":"Kung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(20)30259-3","article-title":"Biomechanical analysis of the shoulder during tennis activities","volume":"14","author":"Kibler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-439-17","article-title":"Shoulder range of motion and baseball arm injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Bullock","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ath Train"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-019-09563-5","article-title":"Review of shoulder range of motion in the throwing athlete: Distinguishing normal adaptations from pathologic deficits","volume":"12","author":"Hellem","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskel Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505281804","article-title":"Glenohumeral range of motion deficits and posterior shoulder tightness in throwers with pathologic internal impingement","volume":"34","author":"Myers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-45.2.191","article-title":"Associations among hip and shoulder range of motion and shoulder injury in professional baseball players","volume":"45","author":"Scher","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ath Train"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510384223","article-title":"Correlation of glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and total rotational motion to shoulder injuries in professional baseball pitchers","volume":"39","author":"Wilk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515594380","article-title":"Deficits in glenohumeral passive range of motion increase risk of shoulder injury in professional baseball pitchers: A prospective study","volume":"43","author":"Wilk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512452720","article-title":"Bony adaptation of the proximal humerus and glenoid correlate within the throwing shoulder of professional baseball pitchers","volume":"40","author":"Wyland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6040-50.1.14","article-title":"Adaptations of the shoulder to overhead throwing in youth athletes","volume":"50","author":"Astolfi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ath Train"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0000000000000015","article-title":"Acquired and adaptive changes in the throwing athlete: implications on the disabled throwing shoulder","volume":"22","author":"Tokish","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sports Med Arthrosc Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505275347","article-title":"Biomechanics of the shoulder in youth baseball pitchers: implications for the development of proximal humeral epiphysiolysis and humeral retrotorsion","volume":"33","author":"Sabick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-43.6.565","article-title":"Asymmetric resting scapular posture in healthy overhead athletes","volume":"43","author":"Oyama","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ath Train"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515602446","article-title":"Mechanisms of shoulder range of motion deficits in asymptomatic baseball players","volume":"43","author":"Bailey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2000.106085","article-title":"The development of humeral head retroversion","volume":"9","author":"Edelson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516648438","article-title":"Humeral torsion as a risk factor for shoulder and elbow injury in professional baseball pitchers","volume":"44","author":"Noonan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib127","first-page":"824","article-title":"A\u00a0cadaveric model of the throwing shoulder: A possible etiology of superior labrum anterior-to-posterior lesions","volume":"87","author":"Grossman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515608476","article-title":"Posterior shoulder capsules are thicker and stiffer in the throwing shoulders of healthy college baseball players: A quantitative assessment using shear-wave ultrasound elastography","volume":"43","author":"Takenaga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.27.1299","article-title":"Does restriction of glenohumeral horizontal adduction reflect posterior capsule thickening of the throwing shoulder?","volume":"27","author":"Ishigaki","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib130","first-page":"49","article-title":"The acute effect of pitching on range of motion, strength, and muscle architecture","volume":"56","author":"Mirabito","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ath Train"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0b013e318244853e","article-title":"Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit: Pathogenesis and response to acute throwing","volume":"20","author":"Kibler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sports Med Arthrosc Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-2217-z","article-title":"An acute throwing episode decreases shoulder internal rotation","volume":"470","author":"Kibler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.05.028","article-title":"Assessment of posterior shoulder muscle stiffness related to posterior shoulder tightness in college baseball players using shear wave elastography","volume":"29","author":"Mifune","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2010.09.018","article-title":"Changes in infraspinatus cross-sectional area and shoulder range of motion with repetitive eccentric external rotator contraction","volume":"26","author":"Oyama","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.00333.x","article-title":"Muscle damage from eccentric exercise: Mechanism, mechanical signs, adaptation and clinical applications","volume":"537","author":"Proske","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-43.4.359","article-title":"The acute effects of sleeper stretches on shoulder range of motion","volume":"43","author":"Laudner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ath Train"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.07.075","article-title":"Sleeper stretch accelerates recovery of glenohumeral internal rotation after pitching","volume":"25","author":"Reuther","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-100698","article-title":"Preseason shoulder range of motion screening and in-season risk of shoulder and elbow injuries in overhead athletes: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Pozzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1312587","article-title":"Shoulder strength imbalances as injury risk in handball","volume":"34","author":"Edouard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509360404","article-title":"Preseason shoulder strength measurements in professional baseball pitchers: Identifying players at risk for injury","volume":"38","author":"Byram","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3731-4","article-title":"Prospective multifactorial analysis of preseason risk factors for shoulder and elbow injuries in high school baseball pitchers","volume":"25","author":"Shitara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097559","article-title":"Scapular dyskinesis increases the risk of future shoulder pain by 43% in asymptomatic athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Hickey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092425","article-title":"Clinical implications of scapular dyskinesis in shoulder injury: The 2013 consensus statement from the \u201cscapula summit\u201d","volume":"47","author":"Kibler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507308935","article-title":"Changes in shoulder and elbow passive range of motion after pitching in professional baseball players","volume":"36","author":"Reinold","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"}],"container-title":["Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806322000858?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806322000858?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T10:28:58Z","timestamp":1773311338000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0749806322000858"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":144,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0749806322000858"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-8063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-8063","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Disabled Throwing Shoulder 2021 Update: Part 1\u2014Anatomy and Mechanics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.02.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Published by Elsevier on behalf of the Arthroscopy Association of North America","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}