{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T18:26:35Z","timestamp":1773599195321,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To introduce a simple patellar height measurement method (patella\u2010posterior turning point of the distal femur [P\u2010PTP] Distance) independent of patellar anatomy with standardized patient position, and tested the reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy compared with commonly used ratios in knee extension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We retrospectively reviewed 418 computed tomography (CT) images of the knee joint in a group of patients who were diagnosed recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD). With the three\u2010dimensional (3D) CT reconstructed knee, patellar height was qualitatively assessed by the patellar engagement with the femoral trochlea in terminal knee extension to divide RPD population into case (patella alta) and control group. With digitally reconstructed lateral radiographs, patellar height was measured with P\u2010PTP distance (perpendicular distances between the distal edge of patella articular surface and posterior turning point of distal femur), and four commonly used ratios: Caton\u2010Deschamps index, Modified Insall\u2010Salvati index, Blackburne\u2010Peel index, and Insall\u2010Salvati index. An unpaired\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test was conducted to determine significant differences between groups. Correlation coefficient, intra\u2010 and inter\u2010observer reliability, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were also calculated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      198 knee images (198 patients) were included for final evaluation. Patella alta was present in 72 knees (36.3%) with RPD. The effect size was relatively large between the case and control group for P\u2010PTP distance (\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.619; 95% CI,\u00a0\u22121.948 to\u00a0\u22121.286). P\u2010PTP distance correlated moderately to strongly with four commonly used ratios (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001). Intraobserver and interobserver reliability was good for P\u2010PTP distance. The AUC of the ROC curve was categorized as excellent for P\u2010PTP distance, better than other measurements (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001), and the cutoff value was 4.2 mm with the highest sensitivity (86.11%) and specificity (84.92%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The measurement method, P\u2010PTP distance, showed good intra\u2010observer and inter\u2010observer reliability, well correlated with commonly used ratios, and presented best diagnostic accuracy among commonly used ratios for predicting RPD. P\u2010PTP distance might be a potential indicator for identifying patella alta in RPD patients when supine and knee extended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The measurement reported in this study may help in advancing clinical evaluation of patella alta, providing an alternative and simple method to measure patellar height. Standing or weight\u2010bearing plain lateral radiographs obtained from the routine practice should be further assessed in the next step to further validate the method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.10.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T21:03:53Z","timestamp":1666731833000},"page":"602-610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Patella\u2010Posterior Turning Point of the Distal Femur Distance Is a Potential Indicator for Diagnosing Patella Alta in Recurrent Patellar Dislocation Population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Jiebo","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zipeng","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenliang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinzhong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoming","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2016.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1313741"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"290","article-title":"Patella alta: A comprehensive review of current knowledge","volume":"46","author":"Biedert R.M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(94)90222-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B3.0810452"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199701000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20214"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01552649"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0b013e3180479464"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.92B8.23794"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.18.00038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-015-2268-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"385","article-title":"[Method of measuring the height of the patella]","volume":"55","author":"Caton J.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"issue":"282","key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"170","article-title":"The modified Insall\u2010Salvati ratio for assessment of patellar height","author":"Grelsamer R.P.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.59B2.873986"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/101.1.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5792\/ksrr.16.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670000121"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678308992932"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"286","article-title":"[New exploration technic of the patellofemoral joint. 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