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Our secondary purpose was to analyze and compare different prognostic variables affecting concussions, time to return to school, time to symptom resolution of concussive symptoms, and time each patient spent in the RTP protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library database literature review was performed in August 2022. The studies needed to report, in days, the length of time a patient\/athlete was removed from play due to concussion management. The Risk of Bias in Non\u2010Randomized Studies of Interventions tool was used for risk of bias for each study, and Methodological Index for Non\u2010Randomized Studies criteria were used for quality assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 65 studies included in the systematic review and a total of 21,966 patients evaluated. The RTP time intervals ranged from 1 to 1,820 days, with 80.7% of the median RTP time frames for each study within 21 days. Preconcussion risk factors for prolonged RTP included female sex, younger age, presence of psychiatric disorders, and history of previous concussion. Postconcussion risk factors included severe symptom scores at initial clinic visit, loss of consciousness, nonelite athletes, and delayed removal from competition. The most common sports resulting in concussion were contact sports, most commonly football and soccer. Median time to return to school was 3 to 23 days. Median time to symptom resolution ranged from 2 to 11 days. Median time in RTP protocol was 1 to 6 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median time to return to sports after concussion is within 21 days in 80% of published studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IV, systematic review of Level I to IV studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.11.029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,26]],"date-time":"2022-11-26T13:56:54Z","timestamp":1669471014000},"page":"887-901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Median Time to Return to Sports After Concussion Is Within 21 Days in 80% of Published Studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Trevor J.","family":"Wait","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado \u2010 Steadman Hawkins Clinic of Denver Englewood Colorado U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Eck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics UT Health San Antonio San Antonio Texas U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Loose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Drumm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine Englewood Colorado U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jensen G.","family":"Kolaczko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado \u2010 Steadman Hawkins Clinic of Denver Englewood Colorado U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ognjen","family":"Stevanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado \u2010 Steadman Hawkins Clinic of Denver Englewood Colorado U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Boublik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado \u2010 Steadman Hawkins Clinic of Denver Englewood Colorado U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","first-page":"1337","article-title":"Nonfatal traumatic brain injuries related to sports and recreation activities among persons aged \u226419 years\u2014United States, 2001\u20102009","volume":"60","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","article-title":"Concussions among United States high school and collegiate athletes","volume":"42","author":"Gessel L.M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Athl Train"},{"issue":"48","key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","article-title":"College sports\u2013related injuries\u2014United States, 2009\u201010 through 2013\u201014 academic years","volume":"64","author":"Kerr Z.Y.","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","article-title":"Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: Summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives","volume":"42","author":"Hootman J.M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Athl Train"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","first-page":"1562","volume-title":"Delee, Drez, and Miller\u2019s orthopaedic sports medicine","author":"Trofa D.P.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200201000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018614"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3810\/psm.2009.06.1721"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2013.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_2","first-page":"51","article-title":"Consensus statement on concussion in sport\u2014the 5th international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016","author":"McCrory P.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604.ch4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_2","unstructured":"J.A.C.Sterne J.P.T.Higgins R.G.Elbers B.C.Reeves.the development group for ROBINS\u2010I. 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