{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T10:33:41Z","timestamp":1773570821889,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":524,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031014","name":"Vericel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031014","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroscopyjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the biomechanical utility of a posterior acromial bone block (PABB) for the treatment of posterior glenohumeral instability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten fresh\u2010frozen cadaveric specimens were obtained based upon an a priori power analysis. A 2.5\u2010cm scapular spine autograft was harvested from all shoulders. A custom robot device was used to apply a 50\u2010N compressive force to the glenohumeral joint. The humeral head was translated 10 mm posteroinferiorly at 30 degrees from the center of the glenoid at a rate of 1.0 mm\/s in 6 consecutive conditions: (1) intact specimen, (2) intact with PABB, (3) posterior capsulolabral tear, (4) addition of the PABB, (5) removal of the PABB and repair of the capsulolabral tear (LR), and (6) addition of the PABB with LR. The maximum force required to obtain this translation was recorded. Paired\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests were performed to compare relevant testing conditions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten cadavers with a mean \u00b1 SD age of 54.4 \u00b1 13.1 years and mean \u00b1 SD glenoid retroversion of 6.5 \u00b1 1.0 degrees were studied. The PABB provided greater resistance force to humeral head translation compared to the instability state (instability, 29.3 \u00b1 15.3 N vs PABB, 47.6 \u00b1 21.0 N;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .001; 95% confidence interval [CI], \u201327.6 to \u201310.0). When comparing PABB to LR, the PABB produced higher resistance force than LR alone (PABB, 47.6 \u00b1 21.0 N; LR, 34.2 \u00b1 20.5 N;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .012; 95% CI, \u201323.4 to \u20134.1). An instability lesion treated with the PABB, with LR (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .056; 95% CI, \u20130.30 to 20.4) or without LR (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0= .351; 95% CI, \u20136.8 to 15.7), produced resistance forces similar to the intact specimen.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A PABB is biomechanically effective at restoring the force required to translate the humeral head posteriorly in a cadaveric, posterior glenohumeral instability model. A posterior acromial bone block is a biomechanically feasible option to consider in patients with recurrent posterior instability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Augmentation of the posterior acromion may be a biomechanically feasible option to treat posterior shoulder instability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2024.01.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T12:08:04Z","timestamp":1706098084000},"page":"1975-1981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Posterior Acromial Bone Block Augmentation Is Biomechanically Effective at Restoring the Force Required To Translate the Humeral Head Posteriorly in a Cadaveric, Posterior Glenohumeral Instability\u00a0Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Testa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine Providence Rhode Island U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Morrissey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine Providence Rhode Island U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Alex","family":"Albright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine Providence Rhode Island U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James G.","family":"Levins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine Providence Rhode Island U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen E.","family":"Marcaccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine Providence Rhode Island U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohit","family":"Badida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine Providence Rhode Island U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett D.","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine Providence Rhode Island 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influence of glenoid retroversion on posterior shoulder instability: A cadaveric study (214)","volume":"9","author":"Levins J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports 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