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Human clinical studies reporting PROs following GAE for treatment of knee OA were included, and a qualitative comparison across PROs, procedural descriptions, and complications was performed. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s risk of bias tool and the Methodological Index for Non\u2010Randomized Studies criteria. The primary outcome measures included changes in PROs at 12 months and variances in procedural methodology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 17 studies, consisting of 533 patients and 620 knees, were identified. The reported mean improvement at 12 months for visual analog scale for pain and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index scores ranged from 10 to 59 and 35.3 to 47, respectively. At 12 months, median improvements were observed in Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score subscales such as Pain (range, 8.3\u201019.5), Quality of Life (15.49\u201025.0), Sport (7.5\u201026.3), and Symptoms (1.8\u201025.0). Decreasing minimal clinically important difference (MCID) achievement was observed between the 3\u2010month and 6\u2010month follow\u2010up points. Patients with advanced OA and degenerative findings on magnetic resonance imaging exhibited lower rates of MCID achievement. Transient adverse events occurred in up to 80% of patients. Limited evidence from serial magnetic resonance imaging assessments suggests that GAE improves levels of synovitis. Significant heterogeneity exists among the GAE methodology as 4 different definitions of technical success, 4 distinct embolization targets, and use of 5 embolization agents were noted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GAE results in short\u2010term improvements in pain and function with decreasing MCID achievement observed after 3 to 6 months. Patients with severe OA also demonstrate lower rates of MCID achievement. A high rate of transient complications is reported, including skin discoloration and access site hematomas. Significant protocol heterogeneity exists, which contributes to variable outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, systematic review of Level I to IV studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2024.07.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]],"date-time":"2024-08-17T11:43:29Z","timestamp":1723895009000},"page":"2117-2133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Geniculate Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis Improves Pain and Function at Short\u2010Term Follow\u2010Up With Significant Procedural Heterogeneity Described Across the Literature: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo Saad","family":"Berreta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois College of Medicine Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwinee","family":"Manivannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush University Medical College Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garrett","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Cotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeeshan A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnathon","family":"McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Bernardo","family":"Villarreal\u2010Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Ayala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikhil N.","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Chahla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","first-page":"205","article-title":"Knee osteoarthritis prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis and features: Part I","volume":"2","author":"Heidari B.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Caspian J Intern Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","unstructured":"H.Hsu R.M.Siwiec.Knee Osteoarthritishttp:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK507884\/. 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