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Articles were included if they evaluated postoperative functional, clinical, or recurrence\/reoperation outcomes after surgical stabilization in patients with a history of seizures and recurrent anterior shoulder instability. For postoperative outcomes reported in 3 or more studies with mean and standard deviation, forest plots were generated, and\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      was calculated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 8 studies were included: 7 studies focused on the Latarjet or other bone block augmentation procedures and 1 study focused on a soft tissue\u2010only stabilization procedure. There were a total of 157 Latarjet or bone block augmentation surgeries (143 patients: 124 male [86.7%], 19 female [13.3%]) and 29 soft tissue\u2212only stabilization surgeries (27 patients: 23 male [85.2%], 4 female [14.8%]). Recurrent dislocation or subluxation rates ranged from 0% to 43%. Of the 5 studies that reported the cause of postoperative dislocation or instability, 4 identified seizures as the cause of all cases. In studies comparing Latarjet outcomes between patients with versus without seizure disorders, instability recurrence ranged from 1.8% to 9.5% in the nonseizure group and from 9% to 40% in the seizure group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The recurrence of anterior shoulder instability after surgical stabilization in patients with seizure disorders was variable across studies, ranging from 0% to 43%. Seizure was the most common reported cause for recurrent instability after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, systematic review of Level III and IV studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2025.02.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T03:07:16Z","timestamp":1739934436000},"page":"4249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Patients With Seizure Disorders Undergoing Surgery for Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability Show Variable Rates of Recurrence With Seizures as the Most Common Cause of Failure: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Scott","family":"Fong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland Ohio U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Darby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seema","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James D.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Louis University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin 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