{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T06:24:01Z","timestamp":1775197441007,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asian Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T15:38:22Z","timestamp":1693496302000},"page":"124-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The inflammatory microenvironment of nasal polyps and its relationship with the nasal microbiome in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Weigang","family":"Gan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6771-724X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shixi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941112000701","article-title":"Incremental health care utilization and expenditures for chronic rhinosinusitis in the United States","volume":"120","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.02.008","article-title":"Sinus microbiota varies among chronic rhinosinusitis phenotypes and predicts surgical outcome","volume":"136","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.01.033","article-title":"The nasal microbiome in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: analyzing the effects of atopy and bacterial functional pathways in 111 patients","volume":"142","author":"Mahdavinia","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib4","first-page":"223","article-title":"Bacteriology of the middle meatus in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without polyposis","volume":"78","author":"Stern","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head And Neck Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02637.x","article-title":"The association between bacterial colonization and inflammatory pattern in Chinese chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps","volume":"66","author":"Ba","year":"2011","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin17.240","article-title":"Multivariate analysis of inflammatory endotypes in recurrent nasal polyposis in a Chinese population","volume":"56","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.12.1324","article-title":"Inflammatory endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis based on cluster analysis of biomarkers","volume":"137","author":"Tomassen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib8","article-title":"European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2012","volume":"23","author":"Fokkens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rhinol Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01520-08","article-title":"Reproducible community dynamics of the gastrointestinal microbiota following antibiotic perturbation","volume":"77","author":"Antonopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22297","article-title":"The difference in nasal bacterial microbiome diversity between chronic rhinosinusitis patients with polyps and a control population","volume":"9","author":"Gan","year":"2019","journal-title":"International forum of allergy & rhinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06370-4","article-title":"The influence of nasal bacterial microbiome diversity on the pathogenesis and prognosis of chronic rhinosinusitis patients with polyps","volume":"278","author":"Gan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngol : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6364","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85292-5","article-title":"The influence of nasal microbiome diversity and inflammatory patterns on the prognosis of nasal polyps","volume":"11","author":"Gan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2010.133","article-title":"UniFrac: an effective distance metric for microbial community comparison","volume":"5","author":"Lozupone","year":"2011","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2011.1453","article-title":"Association of the-14C\/G MET and the-765g\/C COX-2 gene polymorphisms with the risk of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in a polish population","volume":"31","author":"Sitarek","year":"2012","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4471","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.7.4471","article-title":"Only a subset of phosphoantigen-responsive gamma(9)delta(2) T cells mediate protective tuberculosis immunity","volume":"181","author":"Spencer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.10.010","article-title":"Current and future treatment options for adult chronic rhinosinusitis: focus on nasal polyposis","volume":"136","author":"Bachert","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70069-4","article-title":"Lung microbiome and disease progression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an analysis of the COMET study","volume":"2","author":"Han","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006173","article-title":"IL-27 limits type 2 immunopathology following parainfluenza virus infection","volume":"13","author":"Muallem","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100645","article-title":"Potentially pathogenic airway bacteria and neutrophilic inflammation in treatment resistant severe asthma","volume":"9","author":"Green","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000191560.53555.08","article-title":"A\u00a0double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of macrolide in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"116","author":"Wallwork","year":"2006","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.05.050","article-title":"Bacterial microbiota of the upper respiratory tract and childhood asthma","volume":"139","author":"Depner","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565-009-9138-6","article-title":"Evaluation of endogenous acidic metabolic products associated with carbohydrate metabolism in tumor cells","volume":"26","author":"Mazzio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Biol Toxicol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001170","article-title":"Thirty years of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG: a review","volume":"53","author":"Capurso","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20030649","article-title":"Interleukin-18 in health and disease","volume":"20","author":"Yasuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000133354.44709.28","article-title":"Paradoxical effect of IL-18 therapy on the severe and mild Escherichia coli infections in burn-injured mice","volume":"240","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4627","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.7.4627","article-title":"Restoration of natural IgM production from liver B cells by exogenous IL-18 improves the survival of burn-injured mice infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"177","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1012502","article-title":"Immunoenhancing therapy with interleukin-18 against bacterial infection in immunocompromised hosts after severe surgical stress","volume":"93","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00679-18","article-title":"Comparison of subtyping approaches and the underlying drivers of microbial signatures for chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"4","author":"Biswas","year":"2019","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1159\/000232566","article-title":"Role of interleukin-17A in the eosinophil accumulation and mucosal remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps associated with asthma","volume":"151","author":"Saitoh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2011.11.007","article-title":"IL-17A as a regulator of neutrophil survival in nasal polyp disease of patients with and without cystic fibrosis","volume":"11","author":"Derycke","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cyst Fibros"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1684\/ecn.2009.0183","article-title":"Cytokines modulate neutrophil death","volume":"21","author":"Elbim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Cytokine Netw"}],"container-title":["Asian Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1015958423012630?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1015958423012630?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T17:33:31Z","timestamp":1760895211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1015958423012630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1015958423012630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096","relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-9584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1015-9584","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The inflammatory microenvironment of nasal polyps and its relationship with the nasal microbiome in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Asian Journal of Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.08.096","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Asian Surgical Association and Taiwan Robotic Surgery Association. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}