{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T10:11:32Z","timestamp":1790158292540,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T07:20:31Z","timestamp":1790148031000},"page":"65-71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy following intramedullary screw fixation for Jones fractures in high-level athletes may be associated with earlier bone union and return to sport"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5608-8668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shota","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5313-0728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinichi","family":"Yoshiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takatoshi","family":"Morooka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8933-9574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masashi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"Matsumae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiya","family":"Tachibana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0954-6125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoya","family":"Iseki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079301400610","article-title":"Jones' fractures and related fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal","volume":"14","author":"Lawrence","year":"1993","journal-title":"Foot Ankle"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4001","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211045998","article-title":"The effectiveness of intramedullary screw fixation using the Herbert screw for fifth metatarsal stress fractures in high-level athletes","volume":"49","author":"Morimoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510393306","article-title":"Percutaneous internal fixation of proximal fifth metatarsal jones fractures (Zones II and III) with Charlotte Carolina screw and bone marrow aspirate concentrate: an outcome study in athletes","volume":"39","author":"Murawski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715625290","article-title":"Operative treatment of fifth metatarsal Jones fractures (zones II and III) in the NBA","volume":"37","author":"O'Malley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4552-4","article-title":"Range limitation in hip internal rotation and fifth metatarsal stress fractures (Jones fracture) in professional football players","volume":"26","author":"Saita","year":"2018","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070402500910","article-title":"Torsional strains in the proximal fifth metatarsal: implications for Jones and stress fracture management","volume":"25","author":"Vertullo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280051901","article-title":"Refracture of proximal fifth metatarsal (Jones) fracture after intramedullary screw fixation in athletes","volume":"28","author":"Wright","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-017-2632-7","article-title":"Stress fractures of the foot and ankle, part 2: site-specific etiology, imaging, and treatment, and differential diagnosis","volume":"46","author":"Mandell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Skelet Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504272262","article-title":"Early screw fixation versus casting in the treatment of acute Jones fractures","volume":"33","author":"Mologne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3422","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546521990020","article-title":"Return to play and fracture union after the surgical management of Jones fractures in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Attia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-011-1406-3","article-title":"Surgical results of 5th metatarsal stress fracture using modified tension band wiring","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100719895273","article-title":"Operative results of plantar plating for fifth metatarsal stress fracture","volume":"41","author":"Young","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079601700803","article-title":"Analysis of failed surgical management of fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal distal to the tuberosity: the Jones fracture","volume":"17","author":"Glasgow","year":"1996","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2796","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-018-5104-2","article-title":"Early return to playing professional football following fixation of 5th metatarsal stress fractures may lead to delayed union but does not increase the risk of long-term non-union","volume":"27","author":"Miller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465221094014","article-title":"Surgical management of Jones fractures in athletes: orthobiologic augmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 718 fractures","volume":"51","author":"Attia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04611-z","article-title":"Can low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) accelerate bone healing after intramedullary screw fixation for proximal fifth metatarsal stress fractures? A retrospective study","volume":"22","author":"Murakami","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Muscoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200105000-00007","article-title":"Bone-graft harvesting from iliac and fibular donor sites: techniques and complications","volume":"9","author":"Ebraheim","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-025-09993-4","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of common tendinopathies","volume":"18","author":"Meredith","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000001404","article-title":"Use of extracorporeal shockwave therapy for the management of bone pathologies: a systematic review","author":"Prisco","year":"2026","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00192289","article-title":"High energy shock waves in the treatment of delayed and nonunion of fractures","volume":"15","author":"Valchanou","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2011.0746","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave treatment of non- or delayed union of proximal metatarsal fractures","volume":"32","author":"Alvarez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00841","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy compared with surgery for hypertrophic long-bone nonunions","volume":"91","author":"Cacchio","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3181b26470","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for nonunion of the tibia","volume":"24","author":"Elster","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.00653","article-title":"Shock wave therapy compared with intramedullary screw fixation for nonunion of proximal fifth metatarsal metaphyseal-diaphyseal fractures","volume":"92","author":"Furia","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.12.002","article-title":"Shock waves in the treatment of stress fractures","volume":"35","author":"Moretti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007231199094","article-title":"Shockwave treatment vs surgery for proximal fifth metatarsal stress fractures in soccer players: a pilot study","volume":"44","author":"Ramon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200106000-00014","article-title":"High-energy extracorporeal shock wave treatment of nonunions","volume":"387","author":"Rompe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200106000-00012","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy of nonunion or delayed osseous union","volume":"387","author":"Schaden","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/24730114241268307","article-title":"Focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy for painful delayed union or nonunion of fractures of interphalangeal coalition","volume":"9","author":"Shimozono","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Orthop"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506297540","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for resistant stress fracture in athletes: a report of 5 cases","volume":"35","author":"Taki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.04.011","article-title":"Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation, extracorporeal shockwaves and radial pressure waves on Akt, BMP-2, ERK-2, FAK and TGF-\u03b21 during bone healing in rat tibial defects","volume":"45","author":"Buarque de Gusm\u00e3o","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198466020-00007","article-title":"Fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal distal to the tuberosity. Classification and guidelines for non-surgical and surgical management","volume":"66","author":"Torg","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511414856","article-title":"The plantar gap: another prognostic factor for fifth metatarsal stress fracture","volume":"39","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211037647","article-title":"Surgical management of proximal fifth metatarsal fractures in elite athletes: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Goodloe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2016.03.016","article-title":"Mode & mechanism of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in fracture repair","volume":"70","author":"Harrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib36","first-page":"526","article-title":"Recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells and expression of TGF-beta 1 and VEGF in the early stage of shock wave-promoted bone regeneration of segmental defect in rats","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(03)00029-2","article-title":"Temporal and spatial expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in extracorporeal shock wave-promoted healing of segmental defect","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21346","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave-induced proliferation of periosteal cells","volume":"29","author":"Kearney","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B3.0840457","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave promotes growth and differentiation of bone-marrow stromal cells towards osteoprogenitors associated with induction of TGF-beta 1","volume":"84","author":"Wang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.08.026","article-title":"Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) induces new bone formation in vivo: results of an animal study in rabbits","volume":"39","author":"Gollwitzer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"}],"container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214687326000270?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214687326000270?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:38:29Z","timestamp":1790156309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2214687326000270"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S2214687326000270"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-6873"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-6873","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy following intramedullary screw fixation for Jones fractures in high-level athletes may be associated with earlier bone union and return to sport","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asmart.2026.09.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Asia-Pacific Knee, Arthroscopy, Arthroplasty, Shoulder and Sports Medicine Society (APKASS).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}