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Demographic data, images, and physical examinations were recorded. LHBT release, tenotomy, or tenodesis were performed according to the patient\u2019s age and surgeon\u2019s preference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve patients were included in the study. All of them presented with chronic anterior shoulder pain and positive Speed and O\u2019Brien tests. The average age was 46.8 \u00b1 17 years (range 20\u201079 years) and the pain sustained from 6 to 96 (average 25.5 \u00b1 28.6) months. Before the operation, 6 patients had a positive Jobe\u2019s test, 1 had a positive lift\u2010off test, and all had positive O\u2019Brien and Speed tests and tenderness over the LHBT. Three release, 4 tenotomy, and 5 LHBT tenodesis were done in addition to other procedures if needed. All range of motion except external rotation, pain visual analog score, and functional outcome scores showed significant improvement at 6 months after surgery. There were no significant differences in range of motion and functional scores between 6 months and 12 months postoperatively. No difference was found in LHBT scores at 6 and 12 months after the operation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed thickened coracohumeral ligament overlying the LHBT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who had intra\u2010articular LHBT adhesion to the undersurface of the rotator cuff and underwent release of the adhesion around LHBT, tenotomy, or tenodesis all had good clinical outcomes. The lesion was observed in 2.2% of all shoulder arthroscopies. Although difficult to diagnose before surgery, surgeons should be aware of this unusual condition in patients with chronic and insidious anterior shoulder pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, Therapeutic case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asmr.2020.09.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,25]],"date-time":"2020-12-25T00:02:19Z","timestamp":1608854539000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Adhesion of the Long Head of the Biceps Tendon: A\u00a0Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Chih\u2010Hao","family":"Chiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Bone and Joint Research 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