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Inclusion criteria were surgical treatment of chronic patellar tendon injury (defined as &gt;6 weeks old), article available in English, and human subjects, minimum 1\u2010year follow\u2010up, and level of evidence I\u2010IV. Studies describing chronic patellar tendon ruptures in the setting of total knee arthroplasty were excluded. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools for case reports and case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 642 studies were identified through the initial search with 9 studies meeting all inclusion criteria. All studies included were case series encompassing 96 patients with follow\u2010up ranging from 21 months to 7.2 years. Reconstruction techniques included the use of semitendinosus and\/or gracilis tendon(s), Achilles tendon, bone\u2010patellar tendon\u2010bone (BTB), or direct repair. The most common graft choice was semitendinosus and\/or gracilis tendon(s). Each reconstruction method yielded improvement in respect to range of motion (ROM), extensor lag, quadriceps strength, and patient\u2010reported outcome measures (PROMs). Commonly reported complications were pain and numbness with only one reported instance of graft failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we found that all reconstructive methods described in the literature can produce satisfactory outcomes with improved function, strength, and minimal complications after chronic patellar tendon ruptures. Because of study heterogeneity and low levels of evidence, consensus cannot be reached on a single superior reconstruction method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, systematic review of level IV studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asmr.2022.06.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T07:52:54Z","timestamp":1659340374000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Clinical Outcomes are Similar Between Graft Types Used in Chronic Patellar Tendon Reconstruction: A\u00a0Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"William T.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical College of Virginia Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"O\u2019Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical College of Virginia Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirav K.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical College of Virginia Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Vap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical College of Virginia Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2016.06.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2014.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-014-2080-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2016.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6107287"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbo.2012.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.CC.19.00619"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465010290041301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2011.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2015.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20170810-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2010.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(96)90204-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2020.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rboe.2016.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20140728-04"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","first-page":"S19","article-title":"Patellar tendon reconstruction with semitendinosus\u2010gracilis autograft","volume":"26","author":"Harris J.D.","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Knee Surg"},{"issue":"236","key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"59S","article-title":"Chronic patellar tendon rupture on a native knee: Reconstruction with an Achilles tendon allograft with a calcaneal block. 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