{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:54:17Z","timestamp":1789804457143,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007307","name":"Arthrex","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007307","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007307","name":"Arthrex","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007307","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroscopysportsmedicineandrehabilitation.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabil."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify the severity of medial knee injuries based on medial compartment gapping as measured by stress ultrasonography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 8 cadaveric knees, the distance between the medial tibial and femoral condyles was measured using ultrasonography. These measurements were obtained in the intact state and repeated after open sequential transection of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL), posterior oblique ligament (POL), and arthroscopic transection of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Knees were evaluated at 0\u00b0 and 20\u00b0 of knee flexion using the Telos device under 0 N and 100 N of valgus force. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and the DeLong test were used to determine whether measurements could distinguish between successive severity of MCL injury after identifying the optimal cutoff value for each injury state.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 8 cadaveric knees included in this study, 3 were male and 5 were female. The mean age was 58 \u00b1 11 years (range 48\u201082 years). When measured using ultrasonography at 20\u00b0 knee flexion with valgus load, the medial tibiofemoral distance significantly increased with increasing severity of medial knee injury (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      values ranging from .049 to &lt;.001). The optimal cutoff values for distinguishing between an intact knee and sMCL injury were 8.3 mm (area under the curve [AUC]\u00a0= 0.98), between sMCL and dMCL injury 9.9 mm (AUC\u00a0= 0.89), dMCL and POL 16.7 mm (AUC\u00a0= 0.88), and POL and ACL 18.6 mm (AUC\u00a0= 0.84). When we compared combined intact and sMCL\u2010transected stages with dMCL\u2010transected stage, the optimal cut\u2010off point to differentiate stable from unstable injuries was equal to 13.8 mm of medial tibiofemoral distance (AUC\u00a0= 0.97; sensitivity\u00a0= 100%; specificity\u00a0= 94.1%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dynamic ultrasonographic assessment can accurately quantify the severity of medial knee ligament injury based on medial compartment gapping. In our study, we found medial tibiofemoral distance &gt;13.8 mm at 20\u00b0 knee flexion under valgus force indicates the presence of dMCL injury with a diagnostic accuracy of 0.97.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dynamic ultrasonography can quantify severity of medial knee injury without radiation and at point of care in multiple clinical settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asmr.2022.07.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T19:49:47Z","timestamp":1661543387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dynamic Ultrasound Can Accurately Quantify Severity of Medial Knee Injury: A Cadaveric Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Rohan","family":"Bhimani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot &amp; Ankle Research and Innovation Laboratory Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Lubberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot &amp; Ankle Research and Innovation Laboratory Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher W.","family":"DiGiovanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot &amp; Ankle Research and Innovation Laboratory Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miho J.","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot &amp; Ankle Research and Innovation Laboratory Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mporth.2019.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4575-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2022.101807"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506289433"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-020-06207-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jsa.0000212307.54947.e4"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_2","first-page":"255","article-title":"Medial collateral ligament injury of the knee: A review on current concept and management","volume":"9","author":"Vosoughi F.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211056070","article-title":"Midterm outcomes, complications, and return to sports after medial collateral ligament and posterior oblique ligament reconstruction for medial knee instability: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"D'Ambrosi R.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-021-06502-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e31802b4a86"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211050929"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197805000-00038"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_15_2","article-title":"Committee on the Medical Aspects of Sports Subcommittee on Classification of Sports Injuries","author":"Rachun A.","year":"1968","journal-title":"Standard nomenclature of athletic injuries"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_16_2","unstructured":"Meyer P Reiter A Akoto R et\u00a0al. 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Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Arthroscopy Association of North America.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}