{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:24:29Z","timestamp":1791314669704,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]],"date-time":"2005-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112313600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]],"date-time":"2005-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112313600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FIRB RBAU019AL3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIRB RBAU019AL3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007013","name":"F. Hoffmann-La Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QLG2-CT-1999-01007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QLG2-CT-1999-01007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002803","name":"Fondazione Cariplo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["atherosclerosis-journal.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Atherosclerosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,25]],"date-time":"2005-01-25T13:14:04Z","timestamp":1106658844000},"page":"229-236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Pharmacological regulation of cholesterol efflux in human monocyte-derived macrophages in the absence of exogenous cholesterol acceptors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Cignarella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold von","family":"Eckardstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Kratz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Lorkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aloys","family":"Lueken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Assmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-199510000-00004","article-title":"The stimulation of the cholesterol esterification pathway by atherogenic lipoproteins in macrophages","volume":"6","author":"Tabas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D429","DOI":"10.2741\/Kruth","article-title":"Macrophage foam cells and atherosclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Kruth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.21.1.13","article-title":"High density lipoproteins and arteriosclerosis. Role of cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport","volume":"21","author":"von Eckardstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119887","article-title":"Phenotype-dependent differences in apolipoprotein E metabolism and in cholesterol homeostasis in human monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"101","author":"Cullen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118336","article-title":"Effects of the apolipoprotein E polymorphism on uptake and transfer of cell-derived cholesterol in plasma","volume":"96","author":"Huang","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)51113-9","article-title":"Production of cholesterol-enriched nascent high-density-lipoproteins by human monocyte-derived macrophages is a mechanism that contributes to macrophage cholesterol efflux","volume":"269","author":"Kruth","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28641","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.45.28641","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E produced by human monocyte-derived macrophages mediates cholesterol efflux that occurs in the absence of added cholesterol acceptors","volume":"271","author":"Zhang","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000054662.44688.9A","article-title":"HDL apolipoproteins and ABCA1: partners in the removal of excess cellular cholesterol","volume":"23","author":"Oram","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14700","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.19.14700","article-title":"Human white\/murine ABC8 mRNA levels are highly induced in lipid-loaded macrophages. A transcriptional role for specific oxysterols","volume":"275","author":"Venkateswaran","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.2.817","article-title":"ABCG1 (ABC8), the human homolog of the Drosophila white gene, is a regulator of macrophage cholesterol and phospholipid transport","volume":"97","author":"Klucken","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5756","article-title":"The human abcg4 gene is regulated by oxysterols and retinoids in monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"288","author":"Engel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.041609298","article-title":"Reduction of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice by activation of the retinoid X receptor","volume":"98","author":"Claudel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.4089","article-title":"Genomic sequence and structure of the human ABCG1 (ABC8) gene","volume":"280","author":"Lorkowski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9774","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403506101","article-title":"ATP-binding cassette transporters G1 and G4 mediate cellular cholesterol efflux to high-density lipoproteins","volume":"101","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.00-0798com","article-title":"ATP binding cassette transporter ABCA1 modulates the secretion of apolipoprotein E from human monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"15","author":"von Eckardstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12097","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.200367697","article-title":"Control of cellular cholesterol efflux by the nuclear oxysterol receptor LXRalpha","volume":"97","author":"Venkateswaran","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.98.2.507","article-title":"LXRs control lipid-inducible expression of the apolipoprotein E gene in macrophages and adipocytes","volume":"98","author":"Laffitte","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5484.1524","article-title":"Regulation of absorption and ABC1-mediated efflux of cholesterol by RXR heterodimers","volume":"289","author":"Repa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000057572.97137.DD","article-title":"Importance of different pathways of cellular cholesterol efflux","volume":"23","author":"Yancey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2831","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.850400","article-title":"Role of LXRs in control of lipogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Schultz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.17.8.1591","article-title":"Downregulation of the selectin ligand-producing fucosyltransferases Fuc-TIV and Fuc-TVII during foam cell formation in monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"17","author":"Cullen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3178","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.73.9.3178","article-title":"Degradation of cationized low density lipoproteins and regulation of cholesterol metabolism in homzygous familial hypercholesterolemic fibroblasts","volume":"73","author":"Basu","year":"1976","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23797","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)35908-8","article-title":"Progesterone blocks cholesterol translocation from lysosomes","volume":"267","author":"Butler","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.11.1.146","article-title":"Vastatins inhibit cholesterol ester accumulation in human monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"11","author":"Kempen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5031","DOI":"10.1021\/jm960674d","article-title":"Inhibitors of acyl-CoA: cholesterol O-acyl transferase (ACAT) as hypocholesterolemic agents. CI-1011: an acyl sulfamate with unique cholesterol-lowering activity in animals fed noncholesterol-supplemented diets","volume":"39","author":"Lee","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)37451-4","volume":"38","author":"Cullen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.15.9.1352","article-title":"HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors reduce acetyl LDL endocytosis in mouse peritoneal macrophages","volume":"15","author":"Bernini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.18.8.1322","article-title":"Differential effects of lovastatin on the trafficking of endogenous and lipoprotein-derived cholesterol in human monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"18","author":"Cignarella","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28240","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M003337200","article-title":"Sterol-dependent transactivation of the ABC1 promoter by the liver X receptor\/retinoid X receptor","volume":"275","author":"Costet","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-1981(00)00005-6","article-title":"Sterols and inhibitors of sterol transport modulate the degradation and secretion of macrophage ApoE: requirement for the C-terminal domain","volume":"1484","author":"Duan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.9.2199","article-title":"Novel effects of the acyl-coenzyme A:Cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor 58-035 on foam cell development in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"19","author":"Rodriguez","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32569","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304553200","article-title":"Impaired ABCA1-dependent lipid efflux and hypoalphalipoproteinemia in human Niemann-Pick type C disease","volume":"278","author":"Choi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-1981(00)00080-9","article-title":"Characteristics of the cholesterol efflux induced by novel seminal phospholipid-binding proteins","volume":"1487","author":"Moreau","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32569","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304553200","article-title":"Impaired ABCA1-dependent lipid efflux and hypoalphalipoproteinemia in human Niemann-Pick type C disease","volume":"278","author":"Choi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2003.12.005","article-title":"An inhibitor of acylCoA:cholesterol acyltransferase increases expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and thereby enhances the ApoA-I-mediated release of cholesterol from macrophages","volume":"1636","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(01)00620-7","article-title":"Anti-atherogenic effects of the acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor, avasimibe (CI-1011), in cultured primary human macrophages","volume":"161","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30647","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.48.30647","article-title":"Cyclic AMP induces apolipoprotein E binding-activity and promotes cholesterol efflux from a macrophage cell line to apolipoprotein acceptors","volume":"271","author":"Smith","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1161\/hq1201.100242","article-title":"Sterol efflux mediated by endogenous macrophage ApoE expression is independent of ABCA1","volume":"21","author":"Huang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.4219","article-title":"Apolipoprotein specificity for lipid efflux by the human ABCAI transporter","volume":"280","author":"Remaley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M300418-JLR200","article-title":"Molecular interactions between apoE and ABCA1: impact on apoE lipidation","volume":"45","author":"Krimbou","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.4863","article-title":"Expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter gene ABCG1 (ABC8) in Tangier disease","volume":"283","author":"Lorkowski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10638","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.14.10638","article-title":"Identification of the DNA binding specificity and potential target genes for the farnesoid X-activated receptor","volume":"275","author":"Laffitte","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005_bib43","first-page":"3","article-title":"Macrophage function and stability of the atherosclerotic plaque: progress report of a European project","volume":"12","author":"Bellosta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"}],"container-title":["Atherosclerosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021915004006045?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021915004006045?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T00:27:46Z","timestamp":1758155266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021915004006045"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0021915004006045"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9150"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9150","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pharmacological regulation of cholesterol efflux in human monocyte-derived macrophages in the absence of exogenous cholesterol acceptors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Atherosclerosis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}