{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T06:41:36Z","timestamp":1791182496291,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,22]],"date-time":"2014-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund (ISSF)","award":["WT097821MF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT097821MF"]}]},{"name":"EU\/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking","award":["115372"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["115372"]}]},{"name":"Chest, Heart and Stroke Association","award":["R13\/A149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R13\/A149"]}]},{"name":"BHF fellowship","award":["FS\/12\/62\/29889"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/12\/62\/29889"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research Council","award":["MC_UU_12013\/5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_UU_12013\/5"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["atherosclerosis-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Atherosclerosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]],"date-time":"2014-09-30T13:35:59Z","timestamp":1412084159000},"page":"287-300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["The emergence of proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in the cardiovascular arena as viewed from a clinical perspective"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"237","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7566-1407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naomi J.","family":"Rankin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Preiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Welsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl E.V.","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott M.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debbie A.","family":"Lawlor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveed","family":"Sattar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D521","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkl923","article-title":"HMDB: the human metabolome database","volume":"35","author":"Wishart","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016957","article-title":"The human serum metabolome","volume":"6","author":"Psychogios","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2011.93","article-title":"Biomarkers for the prediction of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease","volume":"90","author":"Herder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2011.169573","article-title":"Metabolomics and cardiovascular biomarker discovery","volume":"58","author":"Rhee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-007-0082-2","article-title":"Proposed minimum reporting standards for chemical analysis","volume":"3","author":"Sumner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25435","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R111.238691","article-title":"Mass spectrometry strategies in metabolomics","volume":"286","author":"Lei","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3314","article-title":"Innovation: metabolomics: the apogee of the omics trilogy","volume":"13","author":"Patti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2012.12.001","article-title":"A\u00a0practical guide to metabolomic profiling as a discovery tool for human heart disease","volume":"55","author":"Heather","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11708","article-title":"Metabolic phenotyping in clinical and surgical environments","volume":"491","author":"Nicholson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib10","series-title":"The Top 10 Causes of Death","author":"World Health Organization Media Centre","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-010-0112-9","article-title":"Metabolomics and atherosclerosis","volume":"12","author":"Goonewardena","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Atheroscler. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.11.005","article-title":"ACC\/AHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"63","author":"Goff","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-010-0102-y","article-title":"Proteomic and metabolomic profiles in atherothrombotic vascular disease","volume":"12","author":"Martinez-Pinna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Atheroscler. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2009.11.004","article-title":"Metabolomic strategies to study lipotoxicity in cardiovascular disease","volume":"1801","author":"Waterman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.06.027","article-title":"Clinical- and cost-effectiveness of LDL particle-guided statin therapy: a simulation study","volume":"236","author":"Folse","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/gm335","article-title":"Quantitative high-throughput metabolomics: a new era in epidemiology and genetics","volume":"4","author":"Ala-Korpela","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.2010.00157.x","article-title":"An introduction to biological nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"86","author":"Bothwell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1719961","article-title":"Application of Fourier transform spectroscopy to magnetic resonance","volume":"37","author":"Ernst","year":"1966","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1716296","article-title":"Modified spin-echo method for measuring nuclear relaxation times","volume":"29","author":"Meiboom","year":"1958","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.10.001","article-title":"Opening up the \u201cBlack Box\u201d: metabolic phenotyping and metabolome-wide association studies in epidemiology","volume":"63","author":"Bictash","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4307","DOI":"10.1021\/ac051972y","article-title":"Impact of analytical bias in metabonomic studies of human blood serum and plasma","volume":"78","author":"Teahan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s10858-011-9489-1","article-title":"Standard operating procedures for pre-analytical handling of blood and urine for metabolomic studies and biobanks","volume":"49","author":"Bernini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biomol. Nmr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1039\/C3AN02188B","article-title":"Human plasma stability during handling and storage: impact on NMR metabolomics","volume":"139","author":"Pinto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1039\/b907021d","article-title":"The influence of EDTA and citrate anticoagulant addition to human plasma on information recovery from NMR-based metabolic profiling studies","volume":"6","author":"Barton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Biosyst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib25","series-title":"Methodologies for Metabolomics: Experimental Strategies and Techniques","author":"Lutz","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.11.001","article-title":"Metabolic phenotyping and systems biology approaches to understanding metabolic syndrome and fatty liver disease","volume":"146","author":"Dumas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.09.083","article-title":"Metabolomic profile of human myocardial ischemia by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of peripheral blood serum: a translational study based on transient coronary occlusion models","volume":"59","author":"Bodi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88102","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088102","article-title":"1H-NMR-based metabolic analysis of human serum reveals novel markers of myocardial energy expenditure in heart failure patients","volume":"9","author":"Du","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2009.11.042","article-title":"Chemometrics in metabolomics\u2013a review in human disease diagnosis","volume":"659","author":"Madsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2007.12.001","article-title":"Quantitative metabolomics using NMR","volume":"27","author":"Wishart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trac-Trend Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06802","article-title":"The search for new cardiovascular biomarkers","volume":"451","author":"Gerszten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1432","article-title":"Proton NMR analysis of plasma is a weak predictor of coronary artery disease","volume":"12","author":"Kirschenlohr","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnmrs.2012.09.001","article-title":"Human serum\/plasma lipoprotein analysis by NMR: application to the study of diabetic dyslipidemia","volume":"70","author":"Mallol","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.1073","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci influencing human serum metabolite levels","volume":"44","author":"Kettunen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1039\/b910205a","article-title":"High-throughput serum NMR metabonomics for cost-effective holistic studies on systemic metabolism","volume":"134","author":"Soininen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1619","article-title":"Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular disease","volume":"302","author":"Di Angelantonio","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2011.02.001","article-title":"Clinical implications of discordance between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and particle number","volume":"5","author":"Otvos","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Lipidol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.819359","article-title":"Advanced lipoprotein testing and subfractionation are not (yet) ready for routine clinical use","volume":"119","author":"Mora","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2012.03.001","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein subclasses and their relationship to cardiovascular disease","volume":"6","author":"Superko","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Lipidol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910210207","article-title":"A\u00a0lineshape fitting model for 1H NMR spectra of human blood plasma","volume":"21","author":"Hiltunen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/37.3.377","article-title":"Quantification of plasma lipoproteins by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"37","author":"Otvos","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2010.93","article-title":"Metabonomic, transcriptomic, and genomic variation of a population cohort","volume":"6","author":"Inouye","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Syst. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3989","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1452","article-title":"Lifestyle and metformin treatment favorably influence lipoprotein subfraction distribution in the Diabetes Prevention Program","volume":"98","author":"Goldberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.07.006","article-title":"Lipoprotein particle analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"26","author":"Jeyarajah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Lab. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib45","series-title":"K063841 NMR Profiler and NMR Lipo Profile Test","author":"US Food and Drug Administration Office of In\u00a0Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.100586","article-title":"Direct determination of lipoprotein particle sizes and concentrations by ion mobility analysis","volume":"54","author":"Caulfield","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.190405","article-title":"Ion mobility analysis of lipoprotein subfractions identifies three independent axes of cardiovascular risk","volume":"29","author":"Musunuru","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.113795","article-title":"Concerns regarding lipoprotein particle measurement by ion mobility analysis","volume":"54","author":"Otvos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2012.196733","article-title":"Association of apolipoprotein B and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-derived LDL particle number with outcomes in 25 clinical studies: assessment by the AACC Lipoprotein and Vascular Diseases Division Working Group on Best Practices","volume":"59","author":"Cole","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.01.034","article-title":"Comparison of four methods of analysis of lipoprotein particle subfractions for their association with angiographic progression of coronary artery disease","volume":"233","author":"Williams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90352","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090352","article-title":"Effects of whole grain, fish and bilberries on serum metabolic profile and lipid transfer protein activities: a randomized trial (Sysdimet)","volume":"9","author":"Lankinen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2010.214858","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk and risk scores: ASSIGN, Framingham, QRISK and others: how to choose","volume":"97","author":"Tunstall-Pedoe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0b013e32831551e0","article-title":"Novel antecedent plasma biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: improved evaluation methods and comparator benchmarks raise the bar","volume":"19","author":"Welsh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Lipidol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs020","article-title":"High-throughput quantification of circulating metabolites improves prediction of subclinical atherosclerosis","volume":"33","author":"Wurtz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-2-200901200-00006","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein particle size and concentration and coronary risk","volume":"150","author":"El Harchaoui","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002671","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, size, particle number, and residual vascular risk after potent statin therapy","volume":"128","author":"Mora","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.816181","article-title":"Lipoprotein particle profiles by nuclear magnetic resonance compared with standard lipids and apolipoproteins in predicting incident cardiovascular disease in women","volume":"119","author":"Mora","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2010.155333","article-title":"HDL measures, particle heterogeneity, proposed nomenclature, and relation to atherosclerotic cardiovascular events","volume":"57","author":"Rosenson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib59","series-title":"K113830 Vantera Clinical Analyser","author":"US Food and Drug Administration Office of In\u00a0Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcn183","article-title":"Widely targeted metabolomics based on large-scale MS\/MS data for elucidating metabolite accumulation patterns in plants","volume":"50","author":"Sawada","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plant Cell Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1038\/81137","article-title":"Metabolite profiling for plant functional genomics","volume":"18","author":"Fiehn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1021\/ac8019366","article-title":"Development of a robust and repeatable UPLC\u2013MS method for the long-term metabolomic study of human serum","volume":"81","author":"Zelena","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5580","DOI":"10.1021\/pr900668v","article-title":"Improving metabolite knowledge in stable atherosclerosis patients by association and correlation of GC-MS and 1H NMR fingerprints","volume":"8","author":"Teul","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Proteome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-012-6188-z","article-title":"Quantitative NMR for bioanalysis and metabolomics","volume":"404","author":"Barding","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1021\/ac902443k","article-title":"Evaluation of full-resolution J-resolved H-1 NMR projections of biofluids for metabonomics information retrieval and biomarker identification","volume":"82","author":"Fonville","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89728","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089728","article-title":"Targeted metabolomics identifies reliable and stable metabolites in human serum and plasma samples","volume":"9","author":"Breier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2014.02.008","article-title":"Quantitative Quantum Mechanical Spectral Analysis (qQMSA) of H NMR spectra of complex mixtures and biofluids","volume":"242C","author":"Tiainen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Magn. Reson."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1021\/ar2001606","article-title":"NMR in metabolomics and natural products research: two sides of the same coin","volume":"45","author":"Robinette","year":"2012","journal-title":"Accounts Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2011.335","article-title":"Procedures for large-scale metabolic profiling of serum and plasma using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry","volume":"6","author":"Dunn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0517085","article-title":"Assessment of analytical reproducibility of 1H NMR spectroscopy based metabonomics for large-scale epidemiological research: the INTERMAP Study","volume":"78","author":"Dumas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21103","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021103","article-title":"Reliability of serum metabolite concentrations over a 4-month period using a targeted metabolomic approach","volume":"6","author":"Floegel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2692","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.376","article-title":"Metabolic profiling, metabolomic and metabonomic procedures for NMR spectroscopy of urine, plasma, serum and tissue extracts","volume":"2","author":"Beckonert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib73","first-page":"381","article-title":"Choice of optimal parameters for measurement of spin-lattice relaxation-times. 2. Comparison of saturation recovery, inversion recovery, and fast inversion recovery experiments","volume":"37","author":"Becker","year":"1980","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Magn. Reson."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2003.08.008","article-title":"Metabonomics: NMR spectroscopy and pattern recognition analysis of body fluids and tissues for characterisation of xenobiotic toxicity and disease diagnosis","volume":"7","author":"Griffin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s10858-011-9488-2","article-title":"The application of micro-coil NMR probe technology to metabolomics of urine and serum","volume":"49","author":"Grimes","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biomol. Nmr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2010.12.023","article-title":"NMR techniques in biomedical and pharmaceutical analysis","volume":"55","author":"Malet-Martino","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3034","article-title":"Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology","volume":"27","author":"Lawlor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2013.853369","article-title":"Systemic metabolic markers and myocardial glucose uptake in type 2 diabetic and coronary artery disease patients treated for 16 weeks with rosiglitazone, a PPAR gamma agonist","volume":"46","author":"Badeau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21632","article-title":"Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics predicts exercise-induced ischemia in patients with suspected coronary artery disease","volume":"60","author":"Barba","year":"2008","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001606","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001606","article-title":"Biomarker profiling by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the prediction of all-cause mortality: an observational study of 17,345 persons","volume":"11","author":"Fischer","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.105551","article-title":"Long-term leisure-time physical activity and serum metabolome","volume":"127","author":"Kujala","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.044198","article-title":"Fetal growth, omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis: preventing fetal origins of disease? The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study","volume":"97","author":"Skilton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.598789","article-title":"1H-NMR-based metabolomics study of cerebral infarction","volume":"42","author":"Jung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3783","DOI":"10.1021\/ac7025964","article-title":"NMR-based characterization of metabolic alterations in hypertension using an adaptive, intelligent binning algorithm","volume":"80","author":"De Meyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0407-399","article-title":"NMR-based prediction of cardiovascular risk in diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Roussel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2013.09.007","article-title":"Effect of fatty and lean fish intake on lipoprotein subclasses in subjects with coronary heart disease: a controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Erkkila","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Lipidol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.073684","article-title":"Lipids and lipoproteins and risk of different vascular events in the MRC\/BHF Heart Protection Study","volume":"125","author":"Parish","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.170431","article-title":"Lipoprotein particle concentrations may explain the absence of coronary protection in the women's health initiative hormone trials","volume":"28","author":"Hsia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.565135","article-title":"Low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein particle subclasses predict coronary events and are favorably changed by gemfibrozil therapy in the Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Intervention Trial","volume":"113","author":"Otvos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005873","article-title":"Discordance of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol with alternative LDL-related measures and future coronary events","volume":"129","author":"Mora","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e92840","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092840","article-title":"Lipoprotein metabolism indicators improve cardiovascular risk prediction","volume":"9","author":"van Schalkwijk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-13-28","article-title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of circulating omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids with lipoprotein particle concentrations and sizes: population-based cohort study with 6-year follow-up","volume":"13","author":"Mantyselka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.914","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk in patients achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and particle targets","volume":"235","author":"Toth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12026","article-title":"Triglyceride-cholesterol imbalance across lipoprotein subclasses predicts diabetic kidney disease and mortality in type 1 diabetes: the FinnDiane Study","volume":"273","author":"Makinen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2012.05.005","article-title":"Weight change and lipoprotein particle concentration and particle size: a cohort study with 6.5-year follow-up","volume":"223","author":"Mantyselka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.03.060","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and particle concentrations, carotid atherosclerosis, and coronary events: MESA (multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis)","volume":"60","author":"Mackey","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.09.001","article-title":"Lipoprotein particles, insulin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein and risk of coronary heart disease among men with metabolic syndrome","volume":"195","author":"Kuller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3465","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.512079","article-title":"Nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein abnormalities in prediabetic subjects in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study","volume":"111","author":"Festa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-006-0687-8","article-title":"Comparing and combining NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry in metabolomics","volume":"387","author":"Pan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2011.138","article-title":"Metabolomics as a tool for cardiac research","volume":"8","author":"Griffin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."}],"container-title":["Atherosclerosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021915014014269?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021915014014269?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T01:39:00Z","timestamp":1598319540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021915014014269"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0021915014014269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9150"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9150","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The emergence of proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in the cardiovascular arena as viewed from a clinical perspective","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Atherosclerosis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}