{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:09:06Z","timestamp":1793329746833,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annalsthoracicsurgery.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Annals of Thoracic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,21]],"date-time":"2009-05-21T04:58:49Z","timestamp":1242881929000},"page":"1973-1980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Thymomas: Review of Current Clinical Practice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Tomaszek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis A.","family":"Wigle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaf","family":"Keshavjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(94)01493-M","article-title":"Thymoma: results of a multicentric retrospective series of 149 non-metastatic irradiated patients and review of the literature. FNCLCC trialists. F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer","volume":"34","author":"Cowen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2960","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.3133","article-title":"Thymoma associated with keratoconjunctivitis, lichen planus, hypogammaglobinemia, and absent circulating B cells","volume":"24","author":"Hon","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540500372663","article-title":"Thymoma with immunodeficiency (Good's syndrome): review of the literature apropos three cases","volume":"38","author":"Miyakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1177\/021849230201000213","article-title":"Thymoma associated with pure red-cell aplasia: clinical features and prognosis","volume":"10","author":"Murakawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01476.x","article-title":"Guidelines for the treatment of autoimmune neuromuscular transmission disorders","volume":"13","author":"Skeie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11099","article-title":"Malignant thymoma in the United States: demographic patterns in incidence and associations with subsequent malignancies","volume":"105","author":"Engels","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10665","article-title":"New WHO histologic classification predicts prognosis of thymic epithelial tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 200 thymoma cases from China","volume":"95","author":"Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/112.3.299","article-title":"Thymoma classification: a siren's song of simplicity","volume":"112","author":"Harris","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/112.3.304","article-title":"Thymoma classification: my opinion","volume":"112","author":"Kornstein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/112.3.308","article-title":"Thymoma classification","volume":"112","author":"Suster","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2001.tb00182.x","article-title":"Classification of thymic epithelial neoplasms: a controversial issue coming to an end?","volume":"5","author":"Kuo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(20)31934-6","article-title":"Thymoma: a clinicopathologic study","volume":"42","author":"Bernatz","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib13","series-title":"Tumors of the thymus","author":"Rosai","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00737071","article-title":"Thymoma and thymic carcinoma: Relation of thymoma epithelial cells to the cortical and medullary differentiation of thymus","volume":"407","author":"Marino","year":"1985","journal-title":"Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib15","series-title":"Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart (WHO classification of tumours series)","first-page":"196","article-title":"Combined thymic epithelial tumours","author":"M\u00fcller-Hermelink","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib16","series-title":"Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart (WHO classification of tumours series)","first-page":"152","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2485","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19811201)48:11<2485::AID-CNCR2820481123>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Follow-up study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages","volume":"48","author":"Masaoka","year":"1981","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/1010-7940(91)90210-B","article-title":"Seventeen years of surgical treatment of thymoma: factors influencing survival","volume":"5","author":"Gamond\u00e8s","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19911101)68:9<1984::AID-CNCR2820680923>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"A tentative tumor-node-metastasis classification of thymoma","volume":"68","author":"Yamakawa","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.1994.tb02600.x","article-title":"Thymic carcinoma: proposal for pathological TNM and staging","volume":"44","author":"Tsuchiya","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.07.019","article-title":"Proposal of a novel system for the staging of thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"80","author":"Bedini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000032502.89361.0C","article-title":"Thymoma in patients with MG: characteristics and long-term outcome","volume":"59","author":"Evoli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.3.755","article-title":"Prognostic and clinical relevance of the World Health Organization schema for the classification of thymic epithelial tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 108 patients and literature review","volume":"127","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10373","article-title":"Postoperative radiotherapy for patients with completely resected thymoma","volume":"94","author":"Ogawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10226","article-title":"The World Health Organization histologic classification system reflects the oncologic behavior of thymoma: a clinical study of 273 patients","volume":"94","author":"Okumura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2004.04.041","article-title":"Long-term survival and prognostic factors in thymic epithelial tumours","volume":"26","author":"Rea","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2005.05.009","article-title":"World Health Organization histologic classification: an independent prognostic factor in resected thymomas","volume":"50","author":"Rena","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.10.113","article-title":"Tumor recurrence and survival in patients treated for thymomas and thymic squamous cell carcinomas: a retrospective analysis","volume":"22","author":"Str\u00f6bel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.07.026","article-title":"Predictors of recurrence in thymic tumors: importance of invasion, World Health Organization histology, and size","volume":"130","author":"Wright","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(03)00798-0","article-title":"Thymoma: a clinicopathologic study based on the new World Health Organization classification","volume":"126","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib31","first-page":"118","article-title":"Plain radiography and computed tomography of invasive thymomas: clinico-radiologic-pathologic correlation","volume":"41","author":"Yang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Australas Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2004.12.003","article-title":"Imaging of thymoma","volume":"17","author":"Maher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2007.10.002","article-title":"Anterior mediastinal tumors: Diagnostic accuracy of CT and MRI","volume":"69","author":"Tomiyama","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2003.4.1.46","article-title":"Thymic epithelial tumors classified according to a newly established WHO scheme: CT and MR findings","volume":"4","author":"Han","year":"2003","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-005-1530-4","article-title":"MR imaging of thymic epithelial tumors: correlation with World Health Organization classification","volume":"24","author":"Inoue","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2008.01.003","article-title":"Utility of 18FDG-PET for differentiating the grade of malignancy in thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"61","author":"Endo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib37","first-page":"1628","article-title":"18F-FDG PET\/CT of thymic epithelial tumors: usefulness for distinguishing and staging tumor subgroups","volume":"47","author":"Sung","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2211001047","article-title":"Thymic lesions in patients with myasthenia gravis: characterization with thallium 201 scintigraphy","volume":"221","author":"Higuchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1159\/000331958","article-title":"Thymoma","volume":"42","author":"Ali","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(20000225)90:1<24::AID-CNCR4>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Cytology of thymomas: emphasis on morphology and correlation with histologic subtypes","volume":"90","author":"Chhieng","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1159\/000331959","article-title":"Thymic neoplasia as represented by fine needle aspiration biopsy of anterior mediastinal masses","volume":"42","author":"Shin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib42","first-page":"379","article-title":"Diagnosis of anterior mediastinal masses with ultrasonically guided core needle biopsy","volume":"55","author":"Annessi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chir Ital"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21914","article-title":"Analysis of cytological specimens from mediastinal lesions obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration","volume":"108","author":"Kramer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2005.05.014","article-title":"EUS-guided fine needle tissue acquisition by using high negative pressure suction for the evaluation of solid masses: a pilot study","volume":"62","author":"Larghi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20738","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of image-guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy of the mediastinum","volume":"35","author":"Assaad","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.1146","article-title":"Recurrence of thymoma: clinicopathological features, re-operation, and outcome","volume":"78","author":"Haniuda","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(96)70265-9","article-title":"Prognostic factors and long-term results after thymoma resection: a series of 307 patients","volume":"112","author":"Regnard","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.08.051","article-title":"Induction chemotherapy followed by resection for locally advanced Masaoka Stage III and IVa thymic tumors","volume":"85","author":"Wright","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.05.013","article-title":"Radiotherapy and prognostic factors for thymoma: a retrospective study of 175 patients","volume":"60","author":"Zhu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1941.02820440037009","article-title":"The treatment of myasthenia gravis by removal of the thymus","volume":"18","author":"Blalock","year":"1941","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2003.04.008","article-title":"Video-assisted extended thymectomy in patients with thymoma by lifting the sternum: is it safe?","volume":"77","author":"Aubert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-0679(99)70021-3","article-title":"Transcervical thymectomy","volume":"11","author":"Ferguson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3010","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.4.3010","article-title":"Videothoracoscopic resection of stage II thymoma: prospective comparison of the results between thoracoscopy and open methods","volume":"128","author":"Cheng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib54","first-page":"38","article-title":"Comparative assessment of the effectiveness of traditional and videothoracoscopic thymectomies in complex treatment of myasthenic thymomas","volume":"164","author":"Iablonski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vestn Khir Im I I Grek"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)00555-1","article-title":"Therapy for thymic epithelial tumors: a clinical study of 1,320 patients from Japan","volume":"76","author":"Kondo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)00819-1","article-title":"Comparison of stages I-II thymoma treated by complete resection with or without adjuvant radiation","volume":"76","author":"Singhal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.12.051","article-title":"Adjuvant radiation of stage III thymoma: is it necessary?","volume":"79","author":"Mangi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.07.027","article-title":"Adjuvant radiation with modern techniques is the standard of care for stage III thymoma","volume":"81","author":"Cesaretti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31815e8b73","article-title":"Invasive thymoma: postoperative mediastinal irradiation, and low-dose entire hemithorax irradiation in patients with pleural dissemination","volume":"3","author":"Sugie","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010601)91:11<2010::AID-CNCR1226>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"Combined etoposide, ifosfamide, and cisplatin in the treatment of patients with advanced thymoma and thymic carcinoma: an intergroup trial","volume":"91","author":"Loehrer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690773","article-title":"Primary chemotherapy with adriamycin, cisplatin, vincristine and cyclophosphamide in locally advanced thymomas: a single institution experience","volume":"81","author":"Berruti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1996.14.3.814","article-title":"Cisplatin and etoposide combination chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic thymoma: a phase II study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group","volume":"14","author":"Giaccone","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2003.09.022","article-title":"Multimodal management of stages III-IVa malignant thymoma","volume":"44","author":"Bretti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-2-199807150-00006","article-title":"A multidisciplinary approach to therapy for unresectable malignant thymoma","volume":"129","author":"Shin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/01.coc.0000138963.01562.d3","article-title":"Multimodality treatment program in invasive thymic epithelial tumor","volume":"28","author":"Jacot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(97)00629-2","article-title":"Multimodality treatment of thymoma: a prospective study","volume":"64","author":"Venuta","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.12.047","article-title":"Advanced stage thymomas and thymic carcinomas: results of multimodality treatments","volume":"79","author":"Lucchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2003.12.010","article-title":"Phase II study of multidisciplinary approach with induction chemotherapy, followed by surgical resection, radiation therapy, and consolidation chemotherapy for unresectable malignant thymomas: final report","volume":"44","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.10.098","article-title":"Multimodality therapy for locally advanced thymomas: state of the art or investigational therapy?","volume":"85","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2007.07.049","article-title":"Feasibility of multimodality therapy including extended resections in stage IVA thymoma","volume":"134","author":"Huang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.06.090","article-title":"Thymoma and myasthenia gravis: a clinical study of 1,089 patients from Japan","volume":"79","author":"Kondo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib72","series-title":"Checkliste Neurologie","first-page":"670","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000228225.23349.5d","article-title":"Anti-MuSk antibodies: correlation with myasthenia gravis severity","volume":"67","author":"Bartoccioni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03205.x","article-title":"The membrane attack pathway of complement drives pathology in passively induced experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in mice","volume":"146","author":"Morgan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(02)00145-5","article-title":"Titin and ryanodine receptor epitopes are expressed in cortical thymoma along with costimulatory molecules","volume":"128","author":"Romi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib76","first-page":"517","article-title":"Thymus CT scan and thymoma associated antibodies in myasthenia gravis with thymoma","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10624","article-title":"Gene expression analysis of human thymoma correlates with tumor stage","volume":"101","author":"Sasaki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-8-305","article-title":"Genome-wide genetic aberrations of thymoma using cDNA microarray based comparative genomic hybridization","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"}],"container-title":["The Annals of Thoracic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003497509000113?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003497509000113?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T00:52:12Z","timestamp":1757724732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003497509000113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003497509000113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4975"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4975","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Thymomas: Review of Current Clinical Practice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Annals of Thoracic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.095","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}