{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T13:53:54Z","timestamp":1776779634604,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annalsthoracicsurgery.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Annals of Thoracic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,30]],"date-time":"2012-01-30T07:50:50Z","timestamp":1327909850000},"page":"840-848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Childhood: Disease Natural History, Impact of Obstruction, and Its Influence on Survival"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Hickey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian W.","family":"McCrindle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Signe-Holm","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cedric","family":"Manlhiot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Caldarone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glen S.","family":"Van Arsdell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett M.","family":"McCrindle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William G.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021332","article-title":"Effect of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction on clinical outcome in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"348","author":"Maron","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2 Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2000.103933","article-title":"Design and implementation of the North American Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry","volume":"139","author":"Grenier","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.621185","article-title":"Epidemiology and cause-specific outcome of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in children: findings from the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry","volume":"115","author":"Colan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.62.5.1054","article-title":"Echocardiographic measurements in normal subjects from infancy to old age","volume":"62","author":"Henry","year":"1980","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-668X(03)00479-2","article-title":"American College of Cardiology\/European Society of Cardiology Clinical Expert Consensus Document on Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy","volume":"24","author":"Maron","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp030779","article-title":"Clinical practice","volume":"350","author":"Nishimura","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1986.10478314","article-title":"The decomposition of time-varying hazard into phases, each incorporating a separate stream of concomittant information","volume":"81","author":"Blackstone","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183","article-title":"Outcomes after the Norwood operation in neonates with critical aortic stenosis or aortic valve atresia","volume":"125","author":"Ashburn","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(49)90562-1","article-title":"The ventricular complex in left ventricular hypertrophy as obtained by unipolar precordial and limb leads","volume":"37","author":"Sokolow","year":"1949","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00421-0","article-title":"A cohort study of childhood hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: improved survival following high-dose beta-adrenoceptor antagonist treatment","volume":"34","author":"Ostman-Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib11","first-page":"199","article-title":"Comparison of formulae for heart rate correction of QT interval in exercise ECGs from healthy children","volume":"86","author":"Benatar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951100005217","article-title":"Relationship of the dimension of cardiac structures to body size: an echocardiographic study in normal infants and children","volume":"9","author":"Daubeney","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018054314350","article-title":"Bagging predictors","volume":"24","author":"Breiman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Machine learning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1053\/j.optechstcvs.2004.10.005","article-title":"Subaortic myectomy for patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy","volume":"9","author":"Williams","year":"2004","journal-title":"Operative techniques in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.07.027","article-title":"Comparison of prevalence of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Japan and the United States","volume":"92","author":"Kitaoka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000066323.15244.54","article-title":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: distribution of disease genes, spectrum of mutations, and implications for a molecular diagnosis strategy","volume":"107","author":"Richard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-005-5253-5","article-title":"Sarcomeric proteins and familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: linking mutations in structural proteins to complex cardiovascular phenotypes","volume":"10","author":"Tardiff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.4.6.927","article-title":"Genetic basis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"4","author":"Lind","year":"2006","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1097\/00001573-200205000-00006","article-title":"Modifier genes for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"17","author":"Marian","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01389-4","article-title":"On genetic and phenotypic variability of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: nature versus nurture","volume":"38","author":"Marian","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e858","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.591982","article-title":"A contemporary approach to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"113","author":"Ho","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.62.728.515","article-title":"Obstruction is unimportant in the pathophysiology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"62","author":"Criley","year":"1986","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(89)90326-4","article-title":"Chordal geometry determines the shape and extent of systolic anterior mitral motion: in vitro studies","volume":"13","author":"Cape","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00830-5","article-title":"Systolic anterior motion begins at low left ventricular outflow tract velocity in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"36","author":"Sherrid","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90135-A","article-title":"Transesophageal Doppler echocardiography in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: clarification of pathophysiology and importance in intraoperative decision making","volume":"20","author":"Grigg","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960091204","article-title":"Midventricular obstruction\u2013a form of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy\u2013and systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve","volume":"9","author":"Sheikhzadeh","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.5.461","article-title":"Spontaneous variability of left ventricular outflow tract gradient in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy","volume":"97","author":"Kizilbash","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.2.686","article-title":"Abnormal vascular responses to supine exercise in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"84","author":"Counihan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01003-2","article-title":"Sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: identification of high risk patients","volume":"36","author":"Elliott","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2987","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.9.2987","article-title":"Prospective prognostic assessment of blood pressure response during exercise in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"96","author":"Sadoul","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200006153422403","article-title":"Magnitude of left ventricular hypertrophy and risk of sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"342","author":"Spirito","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8183.2006.00153.x","article-title":"Alcohol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: a systematic review of published studies","volume":"19","author":"Alam","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Interv Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2005.063677","article-title":"Alcohol septal ablation for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"92","author":"Knight","year":"2006","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2004.08.047","article-title":"Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: comparison of outcomes after myectomy or alcohol ablation adjusted by propensity score","volume":"129","author":"Ralph-Edwards","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000162460.36735.71","article-title":"Clinical and echocardiographic determinants of long-term survival after surgical myectomy in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"111","author":"Woo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)91117-Z","article-title":"Impact of patient selection biases on the perception of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and its natural history","volume":"72","author":"Maron","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.03.109","article-title":"Septal myectomy for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in pediatric patients: early and late results","volume":"80","author":"Minakata","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.03.108","article-title":"Mechanisms for recurrent left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after septal myectomy for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"80","author":"Minakata","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["The Annals of Thoracic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003497511025215?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003497511025215?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T02:17:02Z","timestamp":1757729822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003497511025215"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003497511025215"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4975"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4975","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Childhood: Disease Natural History, Impact of Obstruction, and Its Influence on Survival","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Annals of Thoracic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.10.032","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}