{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:41:02Z","timestamp":1786984862797,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annalsthoracicsurgery.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Annals of Thoracic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T23:53:49Z","timestamp":1764028429000},"page":"671-678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparison of Oncologic Outcomes After Partial and Total Thymectomy for Stage I Thymomas"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4109-6014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"Chansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wentao","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Valli\u00e8res","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank C.","family":"Detterbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7599-1000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian E.","family":"Louie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S304","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181f20c05","article-title":"Staging system of thymoma","volume":"5","author":"Masaoka","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1739","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31821ea553","article-title":"Standard terms, definitions, and policies for minimally invasive resection of thymoma","volume":"6","author":"Toker","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2021.08.003","article-title":"Partial versus complete thymectomy in non-myasthenic patients with thymoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Papadimas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2005.03.039","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis appearing after thymectomy for thymoma","volume":"28","author":"Kondo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3817","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.09.109","article-title":"Could thymomectomy be a reasonable option for non-myasthenic thymoma patients?","volume":"9","author":"Tassi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8090-9-51","article-title":"Recurrence after thymoma resection according to the extent of the resection","volume":"9","author":"Bae","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31828cb3c2","article-title":"Is thymectomy necessary in nonmyasthenic patients with early thymoma?","volume":"8","author":"Tseng","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2009.08.001","article-title":"Limited thymectomy for stage I or II thymomas","volume":"68","author":"Onuki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9606-0","article-title":"Alternative choices of total and partial thymectomy in video-assisted resection of noninvasive thymomas","volume":"22","author":"Sakamaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-009-4080-z","article-title":"Synchronous multiple thymoma: report of three cases","volume":"40","author":"Suzuki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.12542","article-title":"Is thymomectomy sufficient for non-myasthenic early stage thymoma patients? A retrospective, single center experience","volume":"9","author":"Rusidanmu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2016.06.021","article-title":"Limited thymectomy as a potential alternative treatment option for early-stage thymoma: a multi-institutional propensity-matched study","volume":"101","author":"Narm","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.07.084","article-title":"Is thymomectomy alone appropriate for stage I (T1N0M0) thymoma? Results of a propensity-score analysis","volume":"101","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51055","article-title":"Risk of incident autoimmune diseases in patients with thymectomy","volume":"7","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2302892","article-title":"Health consequences of thymus removal in adults","volume":"389","author":"Kooshesh","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2009.10.003","article-title":"Unilateral thoracoscopic subtotal thymectomy for the treatment of stage I and II thymoma","volume":"37","author":"Odaka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2024.108349","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of non-myasthenic patients with early-stage thymoma who underwent extended thymectomy or limited resection","volume":"50","author":"Tsai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.03.16","article-title":"Thymectomy versus tumor resection for early-stage thymic malignancies: a Chinese Alliance for Research in Thymomas retrospective database analysis","volume":"8","author":"Gu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezab224","article-title":"Thymomectomy plus total thymectomy versus simple thymomectomy for early-stage thymoma without myasthenia gravis: a European Society of Thoracic Surgeons Thymic Working Group Study","volume":"60","author":"Guerrera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2024.07.006","article-title":"The Ninth Edition TNM Staging Classification for thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"45","author":"Sorin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semin Ultrasound CT MR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000269","article-title":"Development of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group international database: an unprecedented resource for the study of a rare group of tumors","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib22","series-title":"AJCC Staging System: Thymus","author":"Ruffini","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.1994.tb02936.x","article-title":"A review of 79 thymomas: modification of staging system and reappraisal of conventional division into invasive and non-invasive thymoma","volume":"44","author":"Koga","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1691","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3182254ac1","article-title":"Standard outcome measures for thymic malignancies","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-017-0367-8","article-title":"Inverse probability of treatment-weighted competing risks analysis: an application on long-term risk of urinary adverse events after prostate cancer treatments","volume":"17","author":"Bolch","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-017-3990-y","article-title":"A phase II study of partial and subtotal thymectomy for thymoma (JART02)","volume":"41","author":"Yano","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2011.11.010","article-title":"State-of-the-art classification and multimodality treatment of malignant thymoma","volume":"38","author":"Koppitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezx042","article-title":"Comparison of surgical approach and extent of resection for Masaoka-Koga stage I and II thymic tumours in Europe, North America and Asia: an International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group retrospective database analysis","volume":"52","author":"Fang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13671","article-title":"Age-related thymic involution: Mechanisms and functional impact","volume":"21","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.28098","article-title":"Recurrence and survival following robotic resection of thymomas greater than five centimeters","volume":"131","author":"Campbell","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"}],"container-title":["The Annals of Thoracic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003497525011725?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003497525011725?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T16:02:40Z","timestamp":1779984160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003497525011725"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003497525011725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4975"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4975","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparison of Oncologic Outcomes After Partial and Total Thymectomy for Stage I Thymomas","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Annals of Thoracic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2025.11.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}