{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T08:29:11Z","timestamp":1793867351463,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2UM1 HL088925 12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2UM1 HL088925 12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annalsthoracicsurgery.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Annals of Thoracic Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T23:38:54Z","timestamp":1783467534000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting vs Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Stable Multivessel Coronary Disease in the Current Era"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1800-0255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"DeFazio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhaval","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremiah W.","family":"Hayanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Mascio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Daggubati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinay","family":"Badhwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0612-7737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Hunter","family":"Mehaffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.09.006","article-title":"2021 ACC\/AHA\/SCAI guideline for coronary artery revascularization: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"79","author":"Lawton","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2021.12.003","article-title":"The American Association for Thoracic Surgery and The Society of Thoracic Surgeons reasoning for not endorsing the 2021 ACC\/AHA\/SCAI Coronary Revascularization Guidelines","volume":"113","author":"Sabik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.04.003","article-title":"2023 AHA\/ACC\/ACCP\/ASPC\/NLA\/PCNA guideline for the management of patients with chronic coronary disease: a report of the American Heart Association\/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"82","author":"Virani","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2023.02.007","article-title":"STS\/AATS-endorsed rebuttal to 2023 ACC\/AHA Chronic Coronary Disease Guideline: a missed opportunity to present accurate and comprehensive revascularization recommendations","volume":"116","author":"Bakaeen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14041161","article-title":"The European Society of Cardiology 2024 Guidelines on Chronic Coronary Syndromes: a critical appraisal","volume":"14","author":"Ferrari","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1915922","article-title":"Initial invasive or conservative strategy for stable coronary disease","volume":"382","author":"Maron","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2021.06.039","article-title":"Sex differences in coronary artery bypass grafting techniques: a Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database analysis","volume":"113","author":"Jawitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048194","article-title":"Routine revascularization versus initial medical therapy for stable ischemic heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"142","author":"Bangalore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211585","article-title":"Strategies for multivessel revascularization in patients with diabetes","volume":"367","author":"Farkouh","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1110717","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of revascularization strategies","volume":"366","author":"Weintraub","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1415447","article-title":"Trial of everolimus-eluting stents or bypass surgery for coronary disease","volume":"372","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.04.034","article-title":"Long-term mortality after coronary revascularization in nondiabetic patients with multivessel disease","volume":"68","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30423-9","article-title":"Mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting for coronary artery disease: a pooled analysis of individual patient data","volume":"391","author":"Head","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31997-X","article-title":"Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease: 10-year follow-up of the multicentre randomised controlled SYNTAX trial","volume":"394","author":"Thuijs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2112299","article-title":"Fractional flow reserve-guided PCI as compared with coronary bypass surgery","volume":"386","author":"Fearon","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2023.05.032","article-title":"Contemporary coronary artery bypass grafting vs multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"116","author":"Mehaffey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00505-7","article-title":"Outcomes after fractional flow reserve-guided percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting (FAME 3): 5-year follow-up of a multicentre, open-label, randomised trial","volume":"405","author":"Fearon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.4771","article-title":"Association between Medicare expenditure growth and mortality rates in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a comparison from 1999 through 2014","volume":"3","author":"Likosky","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199801000-00004","article-title":"Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data","volume":"36","author":"Elixhauser","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glz224","article-title":"Measuring frailty in administrative claims data: comparative performance of four claims-based frailty measures in the U.S. Medicare data","volume":"75","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx229","article-title":"Measuring frailty in Medicare data: development and validation of a claims-based frailty index","volume":"73","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.07.013","volume":"60","author":"Fihn","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.09.010","article-title":"Multivessel coronary revascularization in patients with and without diabetes mellitus: 3-year follow-up of the ARTS-II (Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study-Part II) trial","volume":"52","author":"Daemen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.06.1182","article-title":"Long-term outcome of PCI versus CABG in insulin and non-insulin-treated diabetic patients: results from the FREEDOM trial","volume":"64","author":"Dangas","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000016643.34907.17","article-title":"Bypass surgery versus stenting for the treatment of multivessel disease in patients with unstable angina compared with stable angina","volume":"105","author":"de Feyter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2021.05.036","article-title":"Comparison of SYNTAX score strata effects of percutaneous and surgical revascularization trials: a meta-analysis","volume":"165","author":"Gaudino","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.911669","article-title":"Ten-year follow-up survival of the Medicine, Angioplasty, or Surgery Study (MASS II): a randomized controlled clinical trial of 3 therapeutic strategies for multivessel coronary artery disease","volume":"122","author":"Hueb","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60141-5","article-title":"Coronary artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with three-vessel disease and left main coronary disease: 5-year follow-up of the randomised, clinical SYNTAX trial","volume":"381","author":"Mohr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.12.082","article-title":"Five-year outcomes after coronary stenting versus bypass surgery for the treatment of multivessel disease: the final analysis of the Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study (ARTS) randomized trial","volume":"46","author":"Serruys","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.739144","article-title":"Randomized, controlled trial of coronary artery bypass surgery versus percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: six-year follow-up from the Stent or Surgery Trial (SoS)","volume":"118","author":"Booth","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000126826.58526.14","article-title":"Propensity analysis of long-term survival after surgical or percutaneous revascularization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and high-risk features","volume":"109","author":"Brener","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281718","article-title":"Coronary artery bypass graft surgery vs percutaneous interventions in coronary revascularization: a systematic review","volume":"310","author":"Deb","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.4748","article-title":"Overall and cause-specific mortality in randomized clinical trials comparing percutaneous interventions with coronary bypass surgery: a meta-analysis","volume":"180","author":"Gaudino","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2174","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040316","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of coronary-artery bypass grafting versus stent implantation","volume":"352","author":"Hannan","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.11.035","article-title":"Improved long-term survival for diabetic patients with surgical versus interventional revascularization","volume":"99","author":"Kurlansky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.12.024","article-title":"Coronary artery bypass surgery improves outcomes in patients with diabetes and left ventricular dysfunction","volume":"71","author":"Nagendran","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2013.06.052","article-title":"Coronary revascularization for patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction","volume":"96","author":"Nagendran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["The Annals of Thoracic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003497526007125?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003497526007125?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T08:16:36Z","timestamp":1793866596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003497526007125"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S0003497526007125"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4975"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4975","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting vs Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Stable Multivessel Coronary Disease in the Current Era","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Annals of Thoracic Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2026.06.059","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}