{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T11:12:03Z","timestamp":1778929923004,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004772","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023AAC03672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AAC03672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004772","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004772","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024AAC03659"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024AAC03659"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004772","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Atherosclerosis Plus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:29:02Z","timestamp":1771460942000},"page":"77-87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Role and mechanism of G9A-BMP2 in calcification-induced formation of unstable plaque"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaobin","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.234914","article-title":"Arterial calcification in chronic kidney disease: key roles for calcium and phosphate","volume":"109","author":"Shanahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3024","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI96477","article-title":"SGK1 induces vascular smooth muscle cell calcification through NF-\u03baB signaling","volume":"128","author":"Voelkl","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9040404","article-title":"Vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease: diversity in the vessel wall","volume":"9","author":"Dube","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy010","article-title":"Role of smooth muscle cells in vascular calcification: implications in atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness","volume":"114","author":"Durham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3424","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000148131.41425.E9","article-title":"Spotty calcification typifies the culprit plaque in patients with acute myocardial infarction: an intravascular ultrasound study","volume":"110","author":"Ehara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2012.00095","article-title":"Mechanisms and clinical consequences of vascular calcification","volume":"3","author":"Zhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib7","first-page":"2077","article-title":"Signaling pathways involved in vascular smooth muscle cell calcification during hyperphosphatemia","volume":"76","author":"Voelkl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.11.031","article-title":"BMP-2 promotes phosphate uptake, phenotypic modulation, and calcification of human vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"199","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.118.311546","article-title":"Inhibition of vascular calcification","volume":"38","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.032608.103928","article-title":"Histones: annotating chromatin","volume":"43","author":"Campos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-061008-103102","article-title":"DNA methylation, and chromatin modifying drugs","volume":"49","author":"Epigenetics","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-012110-142315","article-title":"Epigenetic control of smooth muscle cell differentiation and phenotypic switching in vascular development and disease","volume":"74","author":"Alexander","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib13","first-page":"390","article-title":"Alternation of histone and DNA methylation in human atherosclerotic carotid plaques","volume":"114","author":"Grei\u00dfel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2015.11.001","article-title":"Histone acetylation and methylation significantly change with severity of atherosclerosis in human carotid plaques","volume":"25","author":"Grei\u00dfel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2593","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2014.3135","article-title":"Aberrant histone methylation and the effect of Suv39H1 siRNA on gastric carcinoma","volume":"31","author":"Cai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.01.068","article-title":"Inhibition of H3K9 methyltransferase G9a induces autophagy and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"459","author":"Ren","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.3390\/life11101082","article-title":"Structure, activity, and function of the protein lysine methyltransferase G9a","volume":"11","author":"Poulard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.2027411","article-title":"H3K9 methyltransferase G9a and the related molecule GLP","volume":"25","author":"Shinkai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028561","article-title":"Histone methyltransferase G9a is required for cardiomyocyte homeostasis and hypertrophy","volume":"136","author":"Papait","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc-2018-0396","article-title":"Insights for the design of protein lysine methyltransferase G9a inhibitors","volume":"11","author":"Charles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Future Med Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-320205","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms and metabolic reprogramming in fibrogenesis: dual targeting of G9a and DNMT1 for the inhibition of liver fibrosis","volume":"70","author":"Barcena-Varela","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.030","article-title":"Measuring reactive oxygen and nitrogen species with fluorescent probes: challenges and limitations","volume":"52","author":"Kalyanaraman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib23","first-page":"46","article-title":"Epigenetics and cardiovascular disease","volume":"29","author":"Webster","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-012-0192-z","article-title":"Pathophysiological mechanisms of carotid plaque vulnerability: impact on ischemic stroke","volume":"60","author":"Pelisek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2009.02.008","article-title":"Epigenetics and atherosclerosis","volume":"1790","author":"Turunen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-010-9063-1","article-title":"The effect of saffron consumption on biochemical and histopathological heart indices of rats with myocardial infarction","volume":"10","author":"Joukar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2025.112010","article-title":"Histone methyltransferase G9a drives ferroptosis to aggravate vascular calcification by inhibiting SLC7A11 transcription","volume":"135","author":"An","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00370664","article-title":"Calcium currents in the A7r5 smooth muscle-derived cell line","volume":"417","author":"Marks","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e131","DOI":"10.1161\/ATV.0000000000000062","article-title":"Recommendation on design, execution, and reporting of animal atherosclerosis studies: a scientific statement from the American heart association","volume":"37","author":"Daugherty","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.14.1.133","article-title":"ApoE-deficient mice develop lesions of all phases of atherosclerosis throughout the arterial tree","volume":"14","author":"Nakashima","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.84.2.166","article-title":"Calcification of vascular smooth muscle cell cultures: inhibition by osteopontin","volume":"84","author":"Wada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2020.05.017","article-title":"Calcium deposition within coronary atherosclerotic lesion: implications for plaque stability","volume":"306","author":"Jinnouchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2014.01.010","article-title":"Effect of tissue properties, shape and orientation of microcalcifications on vulnerable cap stability using different hyperelastic constitutive models","volume":"47","author":"Cardoso","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2006.02.019","article-title":"Quantification and characterization of carotid calcium with multi-detector CT-angiography","volume":"32","author":"Miralles","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.02.048","article-title":"Coronary superficial and spotty calcium deposits in culprit coronary lesions of acute coronary syndrome as determined by optical coherence tomography","volume":"112","author":"Mizukoshi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10060916","article-title":"Procyanidin B2 Reduces vascular calcification through inactivation of ERK1\/2-RUNX2 pathway","volume":"10","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-014-0063-3","article-title":"Titanium dioxide nanoparticles promote arrhythmias via a direct interaction with rat cardiac tissue","volume":"11","author":"Savi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-1884","article-title":"G9a promotes inflammation in Streptococcus pneumoniae induced pneumonia mice by stimulating M1 macrophage polarization and H3K9me2 methylation in FOXP1 promoter region","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2020.08.001","article-title":"G9a\/GLP-sensitivity of H3K9me2 demarcates two types of genomic compartments","volume":"18","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genom Proteom Bioinform"}],"container-title":["Atherosclerosis Plus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266708952600009X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266708952600009X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T11:02:35Z","timestamp":1778929355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S266708952600009X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S266708952600009X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-0895"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-0895","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Role and mechanism of G9A-BMP2 in calcification-induced formation of unstable plaque","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Atherosclerosis Plus","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athplu.2026.02.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}