{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:15:14Z","timestamp":1792055714613,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008888","name":"Thyne Reid Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT2005403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT2005403"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Australasian Emergency Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T01:26:40Z","timestamp":1769131600000},"page":"240-249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Implementing an emergency nursing framework improves the quality of clinical handover: A stepped-wedge cluster randomised control trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3746-0348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate","family":"Curtis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Considine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belinda","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary K.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darcy","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Aggar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Fry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"McPhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon Z.","family":"Shaban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.4081\/jphr.2015.666","article-title":"Communication in clinical handover: improving the safety and quality of the patient experience","volume":"4","author":"Eggins","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Public Health Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib2","unstructured":"Joint Commission International. Communicating clearly and effectively to patients: How to overcome common communication challenges in health care. Oak Brook Illinois; 2018."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib3","first-page":"265","article-title":"Quantifying the economic impact of communication inefficiencies in US hospitals","volume":"55","author":"Agarwal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Health Manag"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib4","first-page":"884","article-title":"Communicating in the \"gray zone\": perceptions about emergency physician hospitalist handoffs and patient safety","volume":"14","author":"Apker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-6723.2007.00984.x","article-title":"Handover in the emergency department: deficiencies and adverse effects","volume":"19","author":"Ye","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Med Austral"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3310\/hsdr02050","article-title":"Clinical handover within the emergency care pathway and the potential risks of clinical handover failure (ECHO): primary research","volume":"2","author":"Sujan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Serv Deliv Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib7","first-page":"147","article-title":"Optimising the emergency to ward handover process: A mixed methods study","volume":"20","author":"Bakon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Austral Emerg Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/NAQ.0b013e3181c95e7a","article-title":"The culture of nursing engagement: A historical perspective","volume":"34","author":"Fasoli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nurs Adm Q"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.17082","article-title":"The frequency and reasons for missed nursing care in Australian perioperative nurses: A national survey","volume":"34","author":"Gillespie","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4019","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.15444","article-title":"Exploring the role of communication in missed nursing care: A systematic review","volume":"78","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.32598\/JCCNC.9.2.418","article-title":"Factors involved in missed nursing care: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Monalisa","year":"2023","journal-title":"J ClientCent Nurs Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib12","first-page":"CD009979","article-title":"Effectiveness of different nursing handover styles for ensuring continuity of information in hospitalised patients","author":"Smeulers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib13","unstructured":"Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards (2nd ed.). Sydney: ACSQHC; 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib14","unstructured":"Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Implementation Toolkit for Clinical Handover Improvement. Sydney: ACSQHC; 2011."},{"issue":"15-16","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12274","article-title":"Developing a framework for nursing handover in the emergency department: an individualised and systematic approach","volume":"22","author":"Klim","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib16","unstructured":"Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Incident Management Guide. Sydney: ACSQHC; 2021."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aenj.2015.02.001","article-title":"HIRAID: An evidence-informed emergency nursing assessment framework","volume":"18","author":"Munroe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Austral Emerg Nurs J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-020-02285-0","article-title":"Teaching clinical handover with ISBAR","volume":"20","author":"Burgess","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib19","unstructured":"Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Emergency Triage Education Kit, 2nd Ed. Sydney: ACSQHC; 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2015.08.004","article-title":"The impact of HIRAID on emergency nurses' self-efficacy, anxiety and perceived control: A simulated study","volume":"25","author":"Munroe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Emerg Nurs"},{"issue":"19-20","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2874","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16115","article-title":"Increasing accuracy in documentation through the application of a structured emergency nursing framework: A multisite quasi-experimental study","volume":"31","author":"Munroe","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2019.10.001","article-title":"The implementation and usability of HIRAID, a structured approach to emergency nursing assessment","volume":"23","author":"Curtis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Austral Emerg Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-07326-y","article-title":"Implementation of a structured emergency nursing framework results in significant cost benefit","volume":"21","author":"Curtis","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib24","article-title":"Reducing inpatient deterioration and improving patient safety in emergency departments with standardised nursing framework: A stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial","author":"Curtis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2025.103948","article-title":"Use of the structured emergency nursing framework HIRAID\u00ae improves patient experience: A stepped-wedge cluster randomised control trial in rural, regional and metropolitan Australia","volume":"87","author":"Curtis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h391","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h391","article-title":"The stepped wedge cluster randomised trial: rationale, design, analysis, and reporting","volume":"350","author":"Hemming","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1177\/09622802231202364","article-title":"The staircase cluster randomised trial design: A pragmatic alternative to the stepped wedge","volume":"33","author":"Grantham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-067022","article-title":"Implementation evaluation of an evidence-based emergency nursing framework (HIRAID): study protocol for a step-wedge randomised control trial","volume":"13","author":"Curtis","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1007\/s00180-014-0482-5","article-title":"On the accuracy of statistical procedures in Microsoft Excel 2010","volume":"29","author":"M\u00e9lard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib30","series-title":"The Behaviour Change Wheel: a guide to designing interventions","author":"Michie","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib31","article-title":"Data-driven implementation strategy to optimise clinician behaviour change at scale in complex clinical environments: a multicentre emergency care study","author":"Curtis","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib32","unstructured":"Evidence-Based Cancer Control Programs (EBCCP). RE-AIM Scoring Instrument: National Cancer Institute; 2013 [Available from: \u3008https:\/\/ebccp.cancercontrol.cancer.gov\/reAimCriteria.do#\u3009."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-024-01383-7","article-title":"Successful and sustained implementation of a behaviour-change informed strategy for emergency nurses: a multicentre implementation evaluation","volume":"19","author":"Curtis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0323115","article-title":"Methods and processes to develop and deliver a theory-informed education program for sustained behaviour change in emergency nursing","volume":"20","author":"Considine","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2023.10.004","article-title":"Education interventions and emergency nurses' clinical practice behaviours: A scoping review","volume":"27","author":"Considine","year":"2024","journal-title":"Austral Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2017.06.003","article-title":"The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index: An updated review and recommendations for use","volume":"74","author":"Swiger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-172X.2010.01851.x","article-title":"Construct validity and reliability of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index for Queensland nurses","volume":"16","author":"Parker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-019-0383-6","article-title":"Benchmarking nurse outcomes in Australian Magnet\u00ae hospitals: cross-sectional survey","volume":"18","author":"Stone","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-067022","article-title":"Implementation evaluation of an evidence-based emergency nursing framework (HIRAID): study protocol for a step-wedge randomised control trial","volume":"13","author":"Curtis","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inf"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279128","article-title":"Does usage of monetary incentive impact the involvement in surveys? A systematic review and meta-analysis of 46 randomized controlled trials","volume":"18","author":"Abdelazeem","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib42","unstructured":"National Health and Medical Research Council. Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research. National Health and Medical Research Council, Australian Research Council and Universities Australia; 2018."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib43","unstructured":"IBM Corp. SPSS Statistics for Windows. 22.0 ed. New York, United States: IBM Armonk; 2013."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib44","unstructured":"QSR International Pty Ltd. NVivo qualitative data analysis Software. 10 ed2012."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2003.10.001","article-title":"Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness","volume":"24","author":"Graneheim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Today"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib46","first-page":"439","article-title":"Communication during patient hand-overs: Patient Safety Solutions","volume":"33","author":"Abdellatif","year":"2007","journal-title":"Jt Comm J Qual Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib47","unstructured":"UK National Guideline Centre. Structured patient handovers. Emergency and acute medical care in over 16s: service delivery and organisation: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); 2018."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib48","unstructured":"Registered Nurses\u2019 Association of Ontario. Transitions in care and services. 2nd ed. Toronto, Ontario: RNAO; 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib49","first-page":"175","article-title":"SBAR 'flattens the hierarchy' among caregivers","volume":"173","author":"Heinrichs","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i85","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.2004.010033","article-title":"The human factor: the critical importance of effective teamwork and communication in providing safe care","volume":"13","author":"Leonard","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3448","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.16025","article-title":"The impact of whole of patient nursing assessment frameworks on hospital inpatients: A scoping literature review","volume":"80","author":"Wiseman","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-024-08585-w","article-title":"Nurse-led framework to improve the safety and quality of residential aged care (HIRAID\u00ae Aged Care): protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Shaban","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trials"}],"container-title":["Australasian Emergency Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2588994X26000035?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2588994X26000035?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T20:12:33Z","timestamp":1787429553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2588994X26000035"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2588994X26000035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2588-994X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2588-994X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Implementing an emergency nursing framework improves the quality of clinical handover: A stepped-wedge cluster randomised control trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Australasian Emergency Care","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.auec.2026.01.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of College of Emergency Nursing Australasia.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}