{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T10:36:45Z","timestamp":1793788605013,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["autonomicneuroscience.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autonomic Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,28]],"date-time":"2014-09-28T12:21:26Z","timestamp":1411906886000},"page":"38-44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Chronic spinal cord stimulation modifies intrinsic cardiac synaptic efficacy in the suppression of atrial fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"186","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Ardell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Cardinal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Beaumont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Vermeulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank M.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Andrew Armour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1031","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00434.2013","article-title":"Focal myocardial infarction induces global remodeling of cardiac sympathetic innervation: neural remodeling in a spatial context","volume":"305","author":"Ajijola","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0010","series-title":"Basic and Clinical Neurocardiology","first-page":"118","article-title":"Intrathoracic neuronal regulation of cardiac function","author":"Ardell","year":"2004"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2007.041178","article-title":"Potential clinical relevance of the \u2018little brain\u2019 on the mammalian heart","volume":"93","author":"Armour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0020","series-title":"Basic and Clinical Neurocardiology","first-page":"79","article-title":"Cardiac sensory neurons","author":"Armour","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-0702(01)00377-0","article-title":"Long-term modulation of the intrinsic cardiac nervous system by spinal cord neurons in normal and ischemic hearts","volume":"95","author":"Armour","year":"2002","journal-title":"Auton. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2005.01.006","article-title":"Origin and pharmacological response of atrial tachyarrhythmias induced by activation of mediastinal nerves in canines","volume":"118","author":"Armour","year":"2005","journal-title":"Auton. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4515","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2013.259382","article-title":"Network interactions within the canine intrinsic cardiac nervous system: implications for reflex control of regional cardiac function","volume":"591","author":"Beaumont","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2012.04.038","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation protects against atrial fibrillation induced by tachypacing","volume":"9","author":"Bernstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0045","series-title":"Goodman & Gilmans Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics","author":"Brunton","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2004.02.005","article-title":"Spinal cord activation differentially modulates ischemic electrical responses to different stressors in canine ventricles","volume":"111","author":"Cardinal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Auton. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1369","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00056.2006","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation suppresses bradycardias and atrial tachyarrhythmias induced by mediastinal nerve stimulation in dogs","volume":"291","author":"Cardinal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.110.938050","article-title":"Atrial tachyarrhythmias and repolarization changes induced by discrete activation of dorsal mediastinal cardiac nerves in canines","volume":"3","author":"Cardinal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2006.12.006","article-title":"Autonomic nerve activity and atrial fibrillation","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.238550","article-title":"Translational success stories: angiotensin receptor 1 antagonists in heart failure","volume":"109","author":"Dell'Italia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(95)00238-3","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation in severe angina pectoris: presentation of current studies, indications and clinical experience","volume":"65","author":"Eliasson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(00)00095-X","article-title":"Modulation of intrinsic cardiac neurons by spinal cord stimulation: implications for therapeutic use in angina pectoris","volume":"47","author":"Foreman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R357","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00535.2011","article-title":"Neuromodulation targets intrinsic cardiac neurons to attenuate neuronally mediated atrial arrhythmias","volume":"302","author":"Gibbons","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1926","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90306.2008","article-title":"Chronic myocardial infarction induces phenotypic and functional remodeling in the guinea pig cardiac plexus","volume":"295","author":"Hardwick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.09.001","article-title":"Localization of multiple neurotransmitters in surgically derived specimens of human atrial ganglia","volume":"164","author":"Hoover","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00027.2013","article-title":"Neural control hierarchy of the heart has not evolved to deal with myocardial ischemia","volume":"45","author":"Kember","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol. Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2011.02230.x","article-title":"Thoracic spinal cord stimulation improves cardiac contractile function and myocardial oxygen consumption in a porcine model of ischemic heart failure","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03668.x","article-title":"Cardiac sympathetic afferent activation provoked by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion","volume":"940","author":"Longhurst","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-012-0292-8","article-title":"Device therapy to modulate the autonomic nervous system to treat heart failure","volume":"14","author":"Lopshire","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.812412","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation improves ventricular function and reduces ventricular arrhythmias in a canine postinfarction heart failure model","volume":"120","author":"Lopshire","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2001.2706","article-title":"The problem of chronic refractory angina. Report from the ESC joint study group on the treatment of refractory angina","volume":"23","author":"Mannheimer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.041","article-title":"Characterization of the arrhythmogenic substrate in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy implications for catheter ablation of hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia","volume":"55","author":"Nakahara","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0135","series-title":"Neural Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Regulation","first-page":"335","article-title":"Mammalian cardiac ganglia as local integration centers: histochemical and electrophysiological evidence","author":"Parsons","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1175","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00840.2007","article-title":"\u03b1-Adrenoceptor blockade modifies neurally induced atrial arrhythmias","volume":"295","author":"Richer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302291","article-title":"Vagal stimulation for the treatment of heart failure: a translational success story","volume":"98","author":"Schwartz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H311","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00087.2006","article-title":"Preemptive, but not reactive, spinal cord stimulation mitigates transient ischemia-induced infarction via cardiac adrenergic neurons","volume":"292","author":"Southerland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2843","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1997.272.6.H2843","article-title":"Interactions between sympathetic and vagal cardiac afferents in nucleus tractus solitarii","volume":"272","author":"Tjen-A-Looi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2011.08.007","article-title":"Neurohumoral stimulation","volume":"8","author":"Zucker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart Fail. Clin."}],"container-title":["Autonomic Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1566070214001532?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1566070214001532?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T12:05:30Z","timestamp":1761566730000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1566070214001532"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S1566070214001532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["1566-0702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1566-0702","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chronic spinal cord stimulation modifies intrinsic cardiac synaptic efficacy in the suppression of atrial fibrillation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Autonomic Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.09.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}