{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T21:23:15Z","timestamp":1770931395388,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["autonomicneuroscience.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autonomic Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T23:29:43Z","timestamp":1760657383000},"page":"103352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Clinical features of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain tumor: a retrospective case series study and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"262","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangqiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangzhi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2010.03.006","article-title":"Anatomy of the brainstem: a gaze into the stem of life","volume":"31","author":"Angeles Fern\u00e1ndez-Gil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin. Ultrasound CT MR"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2007.04.037","article-title":"The excitatory:inhibitory ratio model (EIR model): an integrative explanation of acute autonomic overactivity syndromes","volume":"70","author":"Baguley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050701687375","article-title":"The incidence of dysautonomia and its relationship with autonomic arousal following traumatic brain injury","volume":"21","author":"Baguley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-007-9021-3","article-title":"A critical review of the pathophysiology of dysautonomia following traumatic brain injury","volume":"8","author":"Baguley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurocrit. Care."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.3301","article-title":"Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after acquired brain injury: consensus on conceptual definition, nomenclature, and diagnostic criteria","volume":"31","author":"Baguley","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.246261","article-title":"Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity due to fourth ventricular tumor resection resulting in cerebrovascular constriction syndrome","volume":"66","author":"Bansal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol. India"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.12.PEDS22369","article-title":"Weathering the storm: a single-institution experience with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after brain tumor resection in pediatric patients","volume":"31","author":"Bouchal","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Pediatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.355139","article-title":"Trans-cranial Doppler flow characteristics of a child with paroxysmal sympathetic hyper-activity: a preliminary report","volume":"70","author":"Datta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol. India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2018.10.018","article-title":"The use of the PSH-AM in patients with diffuse axonal injury and autonomic dysregulation: a cohort study and review","volume":"49","author":"van Eijck","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Crit. Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000197634.83217.80","article-title":"Prognostic influence and computed tomography findings in dysautonomic crises after traumatic brain injury","volume":"61","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Ortega","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2011.2033","article-title":"Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after traumatic brain injury: clinical and prognostic implications","volume":"29","author":"Fernandez-Ortega","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(99)00069-7","article-title":"Sympathetic storms in a child with a midbrain glioma: a variant of diencephalic seizures","volume":"21","author":"Goh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2014.995229","article-title":"Neuroanatomical basis of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a diffusion tensor imaging analysis","volume":"29","author":"Hinson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0b013e3181b1cdff","article-title":"Morphine-sensitive paroxysmal sympathetic storm in pontine intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"16","author":"Ko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurologist"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmpo.ijmpo_93_18","article-title":"Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity \u2013 an under-recognized entity in pediatric brain tumors: case report and review of literature","volume":"41","author":"Krishnan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Paediatr. Oncol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-024-06316-9","article-title":"Takotsubo syndrome linked to paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity as a postoperative complication after brain tumor removal: a case report and literature review","volume":"40","author":"Krouma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Child\u2019s Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0085","series-title":"Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Brainstem-Compressing Huge Benign Tumors: Clinical Experiences and Literature Review","first-page":"340","volume":"5","author":"Lee","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2020.102643","article-title":"Risk factors and clinical features of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"225","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Auton. Neurosci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1391","article-title":"Prognostic influence and magnetic resonance imaging findings in paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"27","author":"Lv","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0100","first-page":"538","article-title":"Risk factors related to dysautonomia after severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"71","author":"Lv","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-016-2934-x","article-title":"Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"158","author":"Mathew","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30259-4","article-title":"Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: the storm after acute brain injury","volume":"16","author":"Meyfroidt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2007.22.1.51","article-title":"Paroxysmal autonomic dysregulation with fever that was controlled by propranolol in a brain neoplasm patient","volume":"22","author":"Oh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Korean J. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg166","article-title":"Neuroanatomical correlates of brainstem coma","volume":"126","author":"Parvizi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22066","article-title":"A review of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after acquired brain injury","volume":"68","author":"Perkes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e989","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005076","article-title":"Admission features associated with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after traumatic brain injury: a case-control study","volume":"49","author":"Podell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3540","article-title":"Clinical scales for paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in pediatric patients","volume":"31","author":"Pozzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389100600204","article-title":"Hypothalamic-midbrain dysregulation syndrome: hypertension, hyperthermia, hyperventilation, and decerebration","volume":"6","author":"Pranzatelli","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Child Neurol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2024.0026","article-title":"Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in the acute phase post-brain tumour surgery of glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"67","author":"Sahadeevan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Korean Neurosurg. Soc."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1136\/jnis-2023-020692","article-title":"Risk factors and clinical outcomes of basilar artery occlusion presenting with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity as the initial manifestation: a prospective study","volume":"16","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurointerv. Surg."}],"container-title":["Autonomic Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1566070225001146?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1566070225001146?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T20:52:36Z","timestamp":1770929556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1566070225001146"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S1566070225001146"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352","relation":{},"ISSN":["1566-0702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1566-0702","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical features of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain tumor: a retrospective case series study and literature review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Autonomic Neuroscience","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autneu.2025.103352","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103352"}}