{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:44:10Z","timestamp":1790736250829,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,8]],"date-time":"2011-07-08T09:44:15Z","timestamp":1310118255000},"page":"14-21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":193,"title":["Air pollution in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: A review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sylvia C.L.","family":"Farhat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clovis A.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Angelica M.","family":"Orione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia M.A.","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana M.E.","family":"Sallum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alf\u00e9sio L.F.","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.02.006","article-title":"The increasing incidence and prevalence of female multiple sclerosis\u2014a critical analysis of potential environmental factors","volume":"10","author":"Sellner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2010.09.007","article-title":"Updating on the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"10","author":"Gualtierotti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2009.05.005","article-title":"Infections and autoimmunity\u2014friends or foes?","volume":"30","author":"Kivity","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.12.012","article-title":"Autoimmune diseases: solution of the environmental, immunological and genetic components with principles for immunotherapy and transplantation","volume":"9","author":"Adams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-008-9187-2","article-title":"Understanding systemic lupus erythematosus physiopathology in the light of primary immunodeficiencies","volume":"28","author":"Carneiro-Sampaio","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2010.07.003","article-title":"\u2018ASIA\u2019 \u2014 Autoimmune\/inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants","volume":"36","author":"Shoenfeld","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203309345724","article-title":"Adjuvants and autoimmunity","volume":"18","author":"Israeli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000128587.30041.C8","article-title":"Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Expert Panel on Population and Prevention Science of the American Heart Association","volume":"109","author":"Brook","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-200111000-00001","article-title":"The lag structure between particulate air pollution and respiratory and cardiovascular deaths in 10 US cities","volume":"43","author":"Braga","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqi136","article-title":"Air pollution and the heart","volume":"55","author":"Routledge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Occup Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000152528.22746.0f","article-title":"Ambient particulate matter and health effects: publication bias in studies of short-term associations","volume":"16","author":"Anderson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000165817.40152.85","article-title":"A meta-analysis of time-series studies of ozone and mortality with comparison to the national morbidity, mortality, and air pollution study","volume":"16","author":"Bell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20070444","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of air pollution","volume":"115","author":"Brook","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181816528","article-title":"Air pollution and mortality in Latin America: the role of education","volume":"19","author":"O'Neill","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0900818","article-title":"Association of heart rate variability in taxi drivers with marked changes in particulate air pollution in Beijing in 2008","volume":"118","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-9351(02)00054-3","article-title":"Association between air pollution and ischemic cardiovascular emergency room visits","volume":"92","author":"Lin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2005000200011","article-title":"Effect of air pollution on pediatric respiratory emergency room visits and hospital admissions","volume":"38","author":"Farhat","year":"2005","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2006.058123","article-title":"Cardiac arrhythmia emergency room visits and environmental air pollution in Sao Paulo","volume":"62","author":"Santos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Braz Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2008.078360","article-title":"Urban air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related emergency department visits","volume":"63","author":"Arbex","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1080\/10473289.2006.10464485","article-title":"Health effects of fine particulate air pollution: lines that connect","volume":"56","author":"Pope","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Air Waste Manag Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1080\/10590500802494538","article-title":"Airborne particulate matter and human health: toxicological assessment and importance of size and composition of particles for oxidative damage and carcinogenic mechanisms","volume":"26","author":"Valavanidis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6000","DOI":"10.1021\/es070653g","article-title":"Daily variation of chemical characteristics of urban ultrafine aerosols and inference of their sources","volume":"41","author":"Ning","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1108752","article-title":"Atmosphere: enhanced: air pollution-related illness: effects of particles","volume":"308","author":"Nel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.8.612","article-title":"Oxidative stress: its role in air pollution and adverse health effects","volume":"60","author":"Kelly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.3.9709083","article-title":"Acute inflammatory responses in the airways and peripheral blood after short-term exposure to diesel exhaust in healthy human volunteers","volume":"159","author":"Salvi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1080\/00984100290071685","article-title":"Systemic inflammatory response induced by particulate matter air pollution: the importance of bone-marrow stimulation","volume":"65","author":"Van Eeden","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5646","article-title":"Personal PM2.5 exposure and markers of oxidative stress in blood","volume":"111","author":"Sorensen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0402.104118","article-title":"Passage of inhaled particles into the blood circulation in humans","volume":"105","author":"Nemmar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370490499906","article-title":"Exposures of elderly volunteers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to concentrated ambient fine particulate pollution","volume":"16","author":"Gong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370801911340","article-title":"Exposures of healthy and asthmatic volunteers to concentrated ambient ultrafine particles in Los Angeles","volume":"20","author":"Gong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0900550","article-title":"Baseline repeated measures from controlled human exposure studies: associations between ambient air pollution exposure and the systemic inflammatory biomarkers IL-6 and fibrinogen","volume":"118","author":"Thompson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2008.043471","article-title":"Associations of long- and short-term air pollution exposure with markers of inflammation and coagulation in a population sample","volume":"66","author":"Panasevich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370701864797","article-title":"Systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and activation in clinically healthy children exposed to air pollutants","volume":"20","author":"Calder\u00f3n-Garcidue\u00f1as","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623308329340","article-title":"Immunotoxicity and environment: immunodysregulation and systemic inflammation in children","volume":"37","author":"Calder\u00f3n-Garcidue\u00f1as","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2008.01.029","article-title":"Lipid, protein, DNA oxidation and antioxidant status in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"41","author":"Seven","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0180","series-title":"Dubois' lupus erythematosus","article-title":"The role of environment in systemic lupus erythematosus and associated disorders","author":"Mongey","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.11.047","article-title":"Biology of diesel exhaust effects on respiratory function","volume":"115","author":"Riedl","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.08.030","article-title":"Health effects of air pollution","volume":"114","author":"Bernstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4 Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.S3.1007","article-title":"Prenatal and postnatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure and children's health","volume":"113","author":"DiFranza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1843.2003.00453.x","article-title":"Respiratory health effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke","volume":"8","author":"Chan-Yeung","year":"2003","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"J258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.12.003","article-title":"Effects of tobacco on immunity, inflammation and autoimmunity","volume":"34","author":"Arnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0210","first-page":"333","article-title":"IL-4 production is increased in cigarette smokers","volume":"95","author":"Varigos","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.107751","article-title":"Suppression of human IL-1beta, IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha production by cigarette smoke extracts","volume":"106","author":"Ouyang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06533.x","article-title":"IL-4 production is increased in cigarette smokers","volume":"95","author":"Byron","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-004-6247-0","article-title":"Th1 and Th2 cytokines and IgE levels in identical twins with varying levels of cigarette consumption","volume":"24","author":"Cozen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0230","first-page":"99","article-title":"Persistent overexpression of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in murine silicosis","volume":"17","author":"Davis","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14647","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014647","article-title":"The phagocytosis and toxicity of amorphous silica","volume":"6","author":"Costantini","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0240","first-page":"53","article-title":"Lymphocytes, lymphokines, and silicosis","volume":"20","author":"Davis","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(99)00107-1","article-title":"Silica-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo","volume":"108","author":"Lim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2003.02094.x","article-title":"Silica accelerated systemic autoimmune disease in lupus-prone New Zealand mixed mice","volume":"131","author":"Brown","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2003.09.011","article-title":"Silica-exposed mice generate autoantibodies to apoptotic cells","volume":"195","author":"Pfau","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370490270936","article-title":"Immunoglobulin and lymphocyte responses following silica exposure in New Zealand mixed mice","volume":"16","author":"Brown","year":"2004","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/15476910802085756","article-title":"Asbestos-induced autoimmunity in C57BL\/6 mice","volume":"2","author":"Pfau","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunotoxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.04.050","article-title":"Diesel exhaust exposure favors TH2 cell recruitment in nonatopic subjects by differentially regulating chemokine production","volume":"118","author":"Chang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2795","article-title":"Effects of parental smoking on interferon production in children","volume":"121","author":"Tebow","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"S4","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/089583700750019486","article-title":"Immune biomarkers in relation to exposure to particulate matter: a cross-sectional survey in 17 cities of Central Europe","volume":"2","author":"Leonardi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2010.02.004","article-title":"The worldwide gradient of autoimmune conditions","volume":"9","author":"Selmi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.11.012","article-title":"Geoepidemiology: the environment and spondyloarthropathies","volume":"9","author":"Ehrenfeld","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.11.019","article-title":"The environment, geo-epidemiology, and autoimmune disease: rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Tob\u00f3n","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.11.018","article-title":"Environmental factors and the geoepidemiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Berkun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"J163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.12.005","article-title":"Geo-epidemiology and autoimmunity","volume":"34","author":"Youinou","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"J168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.11.018","article-title":"Defining and analyzing geo-epidemiology and human autoimmunity","volume":"34","author":"Shapira","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/32.10.903","article-title":"Twin concordance rates for rheumatoid arthritis: results from a nationwide study","volume":"32","author":"Silman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200001)43:1<30::AID-ANR5>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Characterizing the quantitative genetic contribution to rheumatoid arthritis using data from twins","volume":"43","author":"MacGregor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3085","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20553","article-title":"A gene\u2013environment interaction between smoking and shared epitope genes in HLA-DR provides a high risk of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"50","author":"Padyukov","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.10.934","article-title":"Comorbidity and lifestyle, reproductive factors, and environmental exposures associated with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"60","author":"Olsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390504","article-title":"Cigarette smoking increases the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Results from a nationwide study of disease-discordant twins","volume":"39","author":"Silman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken259","article-title":"A role for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the dioxin TCDD in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"47","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyi006","article-title":"Maternal smoking in pregnancy as a determinant of rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory polyarthropathies during the first 7years of life","volume":"34","author":"Jaakkola","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32801127c8","article-title":"Smoking as a trigger for inflammatory rheumatic diseases","volume":"19","author":"Klareskog","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22373","article-title":"The HLA-DRB1 shared epitope alleles differ in the interaction with smoking and predisposition to antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide","volume":"56","author":"Van der Helm-van Mil","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R52","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2421","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms in PTPN22, PADI-4, and CTLA-4 and risk for rheumatoid arthritis in two longitudinal cohort studies: evidence of gene\u2013environment interactions with heavy cigarette smoking","volume":"10","author":"Costenbader","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.084509","article-title":"Quantifying anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide titres: clinical utility and association with tobacco exposure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"68","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.102962","article-title":"Gene\u2013environment interaction between HLA-DRB1 shared epitope and heavy cigarette smoking in predicting incident rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"69","author":"Karlson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.096487","article-title":"Impact of smoking as a risk factor for developing rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"69","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.41.8.596","article-title":"Relationship between silicosis and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"41","author":"Sluis-Cremer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.294.6578.997","article-title":"Silica exposure and rheumatoid arthritis: a follow up study of granite workers 1940\u201381","volume":"294","author":"Klockars","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199904)35:4<375::AID-AJIM8>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Connective tissue disease and silicosis","volume":"35","author":"Rosenman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.57.7.443","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis in workers exposed to silica in the pottery industry","volume":"57","author":"Turner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0400","first-page":"393","article-title":"High prevalence of antinuclear antibodies in sandblasters' silicosis","author":"Jones","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0248-8663(82)80024-6","article-title":"Association of lupus erythematosus and silicosis","volume":"3","author":"Hatron","year":"1982","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700270207","article-title":"Mortality study of gold miners exposed to silica and non asbestiform amphibole minerals: an update with 14 more years of follow-up","volume":"27","author":"Steenland","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq214","article-title":"Occupational and environmental exposures and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: silica, sunlight, solvents","volume":"49","author":"Cooper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200107000-00010","article-title":"Kidney disease and arthritis in a cohort study of workers exposed to silica","volume":"12","author":"Steenland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2003.007971","article-title":"Occupations and exposures in the work environment as determinants for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"61","author":"Olsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.022053","article-title":"Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish EIRA study","volume":"64","author":"Stolt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800503","article-title":"Exposure to traffic pollution and increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"117","author":"Hart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0440","first-page":"877","article-title":"Juvenile idiopathic arthritis and exposure to fine particulate air pollution","volume":"27","author":"Zeft","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"S5","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107s5793","article-title":"Occupational exposure to crystalline silica and autoimmune disease","volume":"107","author":"Parks","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10368","article-title":"Occupational exposure to crystalline silica and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based, case\u2013control study in the southeastern United States","volume":"46","author":"Parks","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3648","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22210","article-title":"Occupational silica and solvent exposures and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in urban women","volume":"54","author":"Finckh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.11.1029","article-title":"Investigation of systemic lupus erythematosus in Nogales, Arizona","volume":"154","author":"Balluz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0465","first-page":"1928","article-title":"Occupational risk factors for the development of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"31","author":"Cooper","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.7.534","article-title":"Multiple clinical and biological autoimmune manifestations in 50 workers after occupational exposure to silica","volume":"52","author":"Sanchez-Roman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339600500112","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus after heavy exposure to quartz dust in uranium mines: clinical and serological characteristics","volume":"5","author":"Conrad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.039438","article-title":"Association of smoking with dsDNA autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"65","author":"Feemer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0485","first-page":"1215","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"30","author":"Ghaussy","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20049","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Costenbader","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203308098186","article-title":"Exposure to maternal smoking and incident SLE in a prospective cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Simard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203309102809","article-title":"Cigarette smoking, N-acetyltransferase 2 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus in a Japanese population","volume":"18","author":"Kiyohara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0505_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Cluster of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with an oil field waste site: a cross sectional study","volume":"22","author":"Dahlgren","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0505_2","first-page":"6","volume":"17","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002123","article-title":"Associations between ambient fine particulate levels and disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)","volume":"119","author":"Bernatsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.59.8.545","article-title":"Systemic sclerosis and occupational risk factors: a case\u2013control study","volume":"59","author":"Diot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199806)41:6<1111::AID-ART19>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Is occupational organic solvent exposure a risk factor for scleroderma","volume":"41","author":"Nietert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1994.tb01262.x","article-title":"Sclerodermatous syndrome after occupational exposure to herbicides\u2014response to systemic steroids","volume":"19","author":"Dunnill","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0530","first-page":"493","article-title":"Progressive systemic sclerosis associated with exposure to trichloroethylene","volume":"29","author":"Lockey","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gen Occup Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0535","first-page":"838","article-title":"Silica, silicosis and progressive systemic sclerosis","volume":"42","author":"Sluis-Cremer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0540","first-page":"2179","article-title":"Effects of non-mining occupational silica exposure on proportional mortality from silicosis and systemic sclerosis","volume":"26","author":"Walsh","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.2.122","article-title":"Occupational silica exposure and risk of various diseases: an analysis using death certificates from 27 states of the United States","volume":"60","author":"Calvert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22880","article-title":"Systemic autoimmune disease mortality and occupational exposures","volume":"56","author":"Gold","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-009-0505-7","article-title":"Occupational silica exposure as a risk factor for scleroderma: a meta-analysis","volume":"83","author":"McCormic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/34.8.732","article-title":"The incidence of juvenile dermatomyositis: results from a nation-wide study","volume":"34","author":"Symmons","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1159\/000110192","article-title":"Evidence for seasonal variation in polymyositis","volume":"8","author":"Manta","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(70)80006-7","article-title":"The epidemiology of polymyositis","volume":"48","author":"Medsger","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400822","article-title":"New-onset juvenile dermatomyositis: comparisons with a healthy cohort and children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"40","author":"Pachman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150200036","article-title":"Seasonal occurrence of relapses in inflammatory myopathies: a preliminary study","volume":"249","author":"Phillips","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21198","article-title":"Seasonal influence on the onset of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in serologically defined groups","volume":"52","author":"Sarkar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22751","article-title":"Seasonal birth patterns in myositis subgroups suggest an etiologic role of early environmental exposures","volume":"56","author":"Vegosen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/10.7.1162","article-title":"Wegener granulomatosis is associated to exposure to silicon compounds: a case\u2013control study","volume":"10","author":"Nuyts","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E28","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.28625","article-title":"ANCA-associated vasculitis in Greek siblings with chronic exposure to silica","volume":"38","author":"Brener","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6400","article-title":"Silica exposure and systemic vasculitis","volume":"111","author":"Mulloy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1080\/08860220500200395","article-title":"Silica and asbestos exposure in ANCA-associated vasculitis with pulmonary involvement","volume":"27","author":"Rihova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9182-2_77","article-title":"Association between silica exposure and necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis with p-ANCA and anti-MPO antibodies: a hospital-based case\u2013control study","volume":"336","author":"Gregorini","year":"1993","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02828275","article-title":"ANCA-associated diseases and silica exposure","volume":"15","author":"Gregorini","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V121134","article-title":"Silica exposure in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis","volume":"12","author":"Hogan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20327","article-title":"Exposure to silica and risk of ANCA-associated vasculitis","volume":"49","author":"Bartunkov\u00e1","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(96)00019-4","article-title":"Rating the quality of evidence for clinical practice guidelines","volume":"49","author":"Hadorn","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0640","first-page":"683","article-title":"Sur les causes des accidents survenus dans la vall\u00e9e de la Meuse, lors des brouillards de d\u00e9cembre","volume":"11","author":"Firket","year":"1930","journal-title":"Bull Acad Roy Med Belg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(53)91012-5","article-title":"Mortality in London fog incident","volume":"1","author":"Logan","year":"1953","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(96)03682-X","article-title":"Environmental factors and respiratory hypersensitivity: the Americas","volume":"86","author":"Bascom","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"}],"container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997211001509?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997211001509?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T21:33:34Z","timestamp":1686173614000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568997211001509"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"references-count":131,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1568997211001509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.06.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1568-9972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1568-9972","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}}}