{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T01:39:46Z","timestamp":1789609186074,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,20]],"date-time":"2013-01-20T08:45:13Z","timestamp":1358671513000},"page":"768-773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["A combination therapy protocol of plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulins and betamethasone to treat anti-Ro\/La-related congenital atrioventricular block. A case series and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Amelia","family":"Ruffatti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Marson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Svaluto-Moreolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Marozio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Tibaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Favaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Calligaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Grava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariela","family":"Hoxha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Pengo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Punzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.12.002","article-title":"Fetal outcome in autoimmune diseases","volume":"11","author":"Carvalheiras","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.02.010","article-title":"Latest update on the Ro\/SS-A autoantibody system","volume":"8","author":"Schulte-Pelkum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.12.013","article-title":"Neonatal lupus erythematosus in Japan: a review of the literature","volume":"8","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2005.11.002","article-title":"Connective tissue diseases and cardiac rhythm disorders: an overview","volume":"5","author":"Lazzerini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-23555","article-title":"Fetal echocardiographic screening of pregnancies of mothers with anti-Ro and\/or anti-La antibodies","volume":"19","author":"Gladman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3187","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20554","article-title":"Outcome of pregnancies in patients with anti-SSA\/Ro antibodies: a study of 165 pregnancies, with special focus on electrocardiographic variations in the children and comparison with a control group","volume":"50","author":"Costedoat-Chalumeau","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2005.03.001","article-title":"Pregnancy and autoimmunity: maternal treatment and maternal disease influence on pregnancy outcome","volume":"4","author":"Tincani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.07.034","article-title":"Presentation and prognosis of complete atrioventricular block in childhood, according to maternal antibody status","volume":"48","author":"Villain","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1690","article-title":"Anti-SSA\/Ro antibodies and the heart: more than complete congenital heart block? A review of electrocardiographic and myocardial abnormalities and of treatment options","volume":"7","author":"Costedoat-Chalumeau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.033894","article-title":"Maternal and fetal factors associated with mortality and morbidity in a multi-racial\/ethnic registry of anti-SSA\/Ro-associated cardiac neonatal lupus","volume":"124","author":"Izmirly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00161-2","article-title":"Autoimmune-associated congenital heart block: demographics, mortality, morbidity and recurrence rates obtained from a national neonatal lupus registry","volume":"31","author":"Buyon","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20126","article-title":"Signs of first-degree heart block occur in one-third of fetuses of pregnant women with anti-SSA\/Ro 52-kd antibodies","volume":"50","author":"Sonesson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.773143","article-title":"Early diagnosis and treatment of atrioventricular block in the fetus exposed to maternal anti-SSA\/Ro-SSB\/La antibodies: a prospective, observational, fetal kinetocardiogram-based study","volume":"119","author":"Rein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e803","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1659","article-title":"Outcome and growth of infants fetally exposed to heart block-associated maternal anti-Ro52\/SSA autoantibodies","volume":"1","author":"Skog","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.12.027","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of fetuses with autoimmune-associated congenital heart block followed in the PR Interval and Dexamethasone Evaluation (PRIDE) Study","volume":"103","author":"Friedman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.041970","article-title":"Isolated atrioventricular block in the fetus: a retrospective, multinational, multicenter study of 175 patients","volume":"124","author":"Eliasson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.3109\/14767051003728237","article-title":"A management strategy for fetal immune-mediated atrioventricular block","volume":"23","author":"Cuneo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.04.028","article-title":"Therapeutic plasma exchange for the management of refractory systemic autoimmune diseases: report of 31 cases and review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Pons-Estel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2010.03.003","article-title":"Information for healthcare providers on general features of IGIV with emphasis on differences between commercially available products","volume":"9","author":"G\u00fcrcan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311430969","article-title":"A combination therapy to treat second-degree anti-Ro\/La-related congenital heart block. A strategy to avoid stable third-degree heart block?","author":"Ruffatti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0105","first-page":"1329","article-title":"Maternal connective tissue disease and congenital heart block [letter]","volume":"312","author":"Herreman","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0110","first-page":"134","article-title":"Myocardiopathy diagnosed in utero in a mother with SS-A antibodies treated with plasmapheresis","volume":"63","author":"Arroyave","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ginecol Obstet Mex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-20947","article-title":"Intrauterine therapy and outcome in four pregnancies of one mother with anti ro-autoantibody positive Sjoegren's syndrome","volume":"206","author":"Zemlin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780300106","article-title":"Intrauterine therapy for presumptive fetal myocarditis with acquired heart block due to systemic lupus erythematosus. Experience in a mother with a predominance of SS-B (La) antibodies","volume":"30","author":"Buyon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199911)42:11<2335::AID-ANR12>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Comparison of treatment with fluorinated glucocorticoids to the natural history of autoantibody-associated congenital heart block: retrospective review of the research registry for neonatal lupus","volume":"42","author":"Saleeb","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21152","article-title":"Anti-SSA\/Ro-related congenital heart block in two family members of different generations: comment on the article by Clancy et al","volume":"52","author":"Ruffatti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.02.005","article-title":"Neonatal lupus syndromes","volume":"33","author":"Izmirly","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2006.11.002","article-title":"Plasma exchange in the management of high risk pregnant patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome. A report of 9 cases and a review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"Ruffatti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.08.004","article-title":"B cells are resistant to immunomodulation by \u2018IVIg-educated\u2019 dendritic cells","volume":"11","author":"Maddur","year":"2011","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.02.007","article-title":"Comparison of different IVIg preparations on IL-17 production by human Th17 cells","volume":"10","author":"Maddur","year":"2011","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2012.02.006","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin: exploiting the potential of natural antibodies","volume":"11","author":"Kaveri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901213400311","article-title":"Mechanism of intravenous immune globulin therapy in antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases","volume":"340","author":"Yu","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30464","article-title":"Association of the idiotype:antiidiotype antibody ratio with the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for the prevention of recurrent autoimmune-associated congenital heart block","volume":"63","author":"Routsias","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27308","article-title":"Evaluation of fetuses in a study of intravenous immunoglobulin as preventive therapy for congenital heart block: results of a multicenter, prospective, open-label clinical trial","volume":"62","author":"Friedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27350","article-title":"Failure of intravenous immunoglobulin to prevent congenital heart block: findings of a multicenter, prospective, observational study","volume":"62","author":"Pisoni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181e75a4a","article-title":"Congenital fetal heart block: a potential therapeutic role for intravenous immunoglobulin","volume":"116","author":"David","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182042972","article-title":"Congenital fetal heart block: a potential therapeutic role for intravenous immunoglobulin. Author reply","volume":"117","author":"Brucato","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203302lu173oa","article-title":"Spectrum and progression of conduction abnormalities in infants born to mothers with anti-SSA\/Ro-SSB\/La antibodies","volume":"11","author":"Askanase","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0702.104182","article-title":"Maternal anti-Ro and anti-La antibody-associated endocardial fibroelastosis","volume":"105","author":"Nield","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.09.044","article-title":"Use of intravenous gamma globulin and corticosteroids in the treatment of maternal autoantibody-mediated cardiomyopathy","volume":"57","author":"Trucco","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0205","first-page":"CD001146","article-title":"Early (<8days) postnatal corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants","author":"Halliday","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1161\/hc1002.103433","article-title":"Images in cardiovascular medicine. Calcification of the atrioventricular node in a fetus affected by congenital complete heart block","volume":"105","author":"Angelini","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-007-0003-4","article-title":"Epidemiology, etiology, detection, and treatment of autoantibody-associated congenital heart block in neonatal lupus","volume":"9","author":"Friedman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27317","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin does not prevent recurrence of congenital heart block in children of SSA\/Ro-positive mothers","volume":"62","author":"Ostensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"}],"container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997213000037?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997213000037?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,19]],"date-time":"2018-10-19T07:24:42Z","timestamp":1539933882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568997213000037"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1568997213000037"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1568-9972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1568-9972","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A combination therapy protocol of plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulins and betamethasone to treat anti-Ro\/La-related congenital atrioventricular block. A case series and review of the literature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Autoimmunity Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.01.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}