{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T22:57:59Z","timestamp":1793228279206,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,12]],"date-time":"2014-10-12T17:48:17Z","timestamp":1413136097000},"page":"49-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Regulatory T cells in vitiligo: Implications for pathogenesis and therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mitesh","family":"Dwivedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Helen Kemp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naresh C.","family":"Laddha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohmmad Shoab","family":"Mansuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony P.","family":"Weetman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasheedunnisa","family":"Begum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0005","series-title":"Vitiligo","first-page":"13","article-title":"Epidemiology, definitions and classification","author":"Ta\u00efeb","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0010","series-title":"Vitiligo","first-page":"319","article-title":"Management overview","author":"Ta\u00efeb","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01369.x","article-title":"Psychosocial effects of vitiligo","volume":"20","author":"Ongenae","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1159\/000084751","article-title":"Quality of life and stigmatization profile in a cohort of vitiligo patients and effect of the use of camouflage","volume":"210","author":"Ongenae","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1159\/000131485","article-title":"Autoimmune etiology of generalized vitiligo","volume":"10","author":"Le Poole","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Dir Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00916.x","article-title":"HSP70i is a critical component of the immune response leading to vitiligo","volume":"25","author":"Mosenson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.32","article-title":"Autoimmune destruction of skin melanocytes by perilesional T cells from vitiligo patients","volume":"129","author":"van den Boorn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.321","article-title":"Six decades of vitiligo genetics: genome-wide studies provide insights into autoimmune pathogenesis","volume":"132","author":"Spritz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2012.1117","article-title":"CD8+ T cells from vitiligo perilesional margins induce autologous melanocyte apoptosis","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37513","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037513","article-title":"Global activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes correlates with an impairment in regulatory T cells in patients with generalized vitiligo","volume":"7","author":"Lili","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12105","article-title":"Decreased regulatory T-Cells and CD4+\/CD8+ ratio correlate with disease onset and progression in patients with generalized vitiligo","volume":"26","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1097\/01.LAB.0000069521.42488.1B","article-title":"Immunopolarization of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to type-1-like is associated with melanocyte loss in human vitiligo","volume":"83","author":"Wankowicz-Kalinska","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00920.x","article-title":"Functional defects of peripheral regulatory T lymphocytes in patients with progressive vitiligo","volume":"25","author":"Ben Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.11.1295","article-title":"Human CD25(+)CD4(+) T regulatory cells suppress naive and memory T cell proliferation and can be expanded in vitro without loss of function","volume":"193","author":"Levings","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1038\/ni0901-816","article-title":"Regulatory T-cells in the control of immune pathology","volume":"2","author":"Maloy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6468","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-1264","article-title":"Induction of postsurgical tumor immunity and T-cell memory by a poorly immunogenic tumor","volume":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12284","article-title":"Immune responses in a mouse model of vitiligo with spontaneous epidermal de- and repigmentation","author":"Eby","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12160","article-title":"Assessment of tissue FoxP3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in active and stable nonsegmental vitiligo","volume":"53","author":"Abdallah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1713","article-title":"Coexistent skin lesions of vitiligo and psoriasis vulgaris. Immunohistochemical analyses for IL-17A-producing cells and regulatory T cells","volume":"94","author":"Ono","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05808.x","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in healthy human skin and autoimmune dermatoses","volume":"53","author":"Terras","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2012.01019.x","article-title":"Systemic analyses of immunophenotypes of peripheral T cells in non-segmental vitiligo: implication of defective natural killer T cells","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0110","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluation of circulating CD4+CD25highFoxP3+ T lymphocytes in active non-segmental vitiligo","volume":"20","author":"Abdallah","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pan-Arab League Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2010.00688.x","article-title":"Reduced skin homing by functional Treg in vitiligo","volume":"23","author":"Klarquist","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2013.2023","article-title":"Interleukin 17, interleukin 22 and FoxP3 expression in tissue and serum of non-segmental vitiligo: a case-controlled study on eighty-four patients","volume":"23","author":"Elela","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12369","article-title":"T helper 17 and Tregs: a novel proposed mechanism for NB-UVB in vitiligo","volume":"23","author":"Hegazy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0130","article-title":"Effect of narrow band-ultraviolet B on CD4+ CD25highFoxP3+ T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of vitiligo patients","author":"Moftah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2013.1986","article-title":"Serum levels of functional T-regs in vitiligo: our experience and mini-review of the literature","volume":"23","author":"Richetta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1079490","article-title":"Control of regulatory T cell development by the transcription factor FOXP3","volume":"299","author":"Hori","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh165","article-title":"Crucial role of FOXP3 in the development and function of human CD25+CD4+ regulatory T-cells","volume":"16","author":"Yagi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5138","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501675102","article-title":"Foxp3 interacts with nuclear factor of activated T cells and NF-kappa B to repress cytokine gene expression and effector functions of T helper cells","volume":"102","author":"Bettelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1455","article-title":"FoxP3 in control of the regulatory T cell lineage","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1038\/ni904","article-title":"FoxP3 programs the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells","volume":"4","author":"Fontenot","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7631","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0804308","article-title":"Cutting edge: depletion of FoxP3+ cells leads to induction of autoimmunity by specific ablation of regulatory T cells in genetically targeted mice","volume":"183","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/83713","article-title":"The immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome (IPEX) is caused by mutations of FOXP3","volume":"27","author":"Bennett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.39.8.537","article-title":"Clinical and molecular features of the immunodysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X linked (IPEX) syndrome","volume":"39","author":"Wildin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89017","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/89017","article-title":"IPEX as a result of mutations in FOXP3","volume":"2007","author":"van der Vliet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00251-003-0559-8","article-title":"A functional polymorphism in the promoter\/enhancer region of the FOXP3\/Scurfin gene associated with type 1 diabetes","volume":"55","author":"Bassuny","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2010.04229.x","article-title":"Association of functional polymorphisms related to the transcriptional level of FOXP3 with prognosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases","volume":"162","author":"Inoue","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12377","article-title":"Association between FOXP3 polymorphisms and vitiligo in a Han Chinese population","volume":"169","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.01.035","article-title":"Association of FOXP3 (rs3761548) promoter polymorphism with nondermatomal vitiligo: a study from India","volume":"69","author":"Jahan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.337","article-title":"Comprehensive association analysis of candidate genes for generalized vitiligo supports XBP1, FOXP3, and TSLP","volume":"131","author":"Birlea","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.3.811","article-title":"CTLA4 mediates antigen-specific apoptosis of human T cells","volume":"92","author":"Gribben","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.07.002","article-title":"CTLA-4 and autoimmunity: new insights into the dual regulator of tolerance","volume":"12","author":"Romo-Tena","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5238.985","article-title":"Lymphoproliferative disorders with early lethality in mice deficient in CTLA-4","volume":"270","author":"Waterhouse","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16400","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607854103","article-title":"Modeling CTLA4-linked autoimmunity with RNA interference in mice","volume":"103","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00892.x","article-title":"Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) in isolated vitiligo: a genotype\u2013phenotype correlation","volume":"24","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-0130","article-title":"The soluble CTLA-4 splice variant protects from type 1 diabetes and potentiates regulatory T-cell function","volume":"60","author":"Gerold","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.01.003","article-title":"Soluble CTLA-4 in autoimmune thyroid diseases: relationship with clinical status and possible role in the immune response dysregulation","volume":"123","author":"Saverino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-006-0035-x","article-title":"Induction and maintenance of self tolerance: the role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells","volume":"54","author":"Bala","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.3.1433","article-title":"Naturally occurring lung CD4(+)CD25(+) T cell regulation of airway allergic responses depends on IL-10 induction of TGF-b","volume":"178","author":"Joetham","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-05-078154","article-title":"CD4 T cells: fates, functions, and faults","volume":"112","author":"Zhu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4183","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.8.4183","article-title":"Generation ex vivo of TGF-beta-producing regulatory T cells from CD4+CD25\u2212 precursors","volume":"169","author":"Zheng","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00566.x","article-title":"TGF-beta induces FoxP3+ T-regulatory cells from CD4+CD25\u2212 precursors","volume":"4","author":"Fu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5149","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.9.5149","article-title":"Cutting edge: TGF-beta induces a regulatory phenotype in CD4+CD25\u2212 T cells through FoxP3 induction and down-regulation of Smad7","volume":"172","author":"Fantini","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5213","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.9.5213","article-title":"Natural and induced CD4+CD25+ cells educate CD4+CD25\u2212 cells to develop suppressive activity: the role of IL-2, TGF-beta, and IL-10","volume":"172","author":"Zheng","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041201","article-title":"Conversion of CD4+ CD25\u2212 cells into CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in vivo requires B7 costimulation, but not the thymus","volume":"201","author":"Liang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjp004","article-title":"TGF-beta and \u2018adaptive\u2019 FoxP3+ regulatory T cells","volume":"2","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.09.048","article-title":"The role of helper and regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of vitiligo","volume":"60","author":"Basak","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.07.018","article-title":"Circulatory levels of T-cell cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-17, and transforming growth factor-\u03b2 in patients with vitiligo","volume":"66","author":"Khan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2002.1o049.x","article-title":"New insights into the pathogenesis of vitiligo: imbalance of epidermal cytokines at sites of lesions","volume":"15","author":"Moretti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2013.05.005","article-title":"T helper and regulatory T cell cytokine profile in active, stable and narrow band ultraviolet B treated generalized vitiligo","volume":"424","author":"Tembhre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-011-1154-8","article-title":"Levels of TGF-\u03b2(1) in serum and culture supernatants of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells from patients with non-segmental vitiligo","volume":"303","author":"Tu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313X.2010.00923.x","article-title":"Transforming growth factor beta receptor II (TGFBR2) polymorphisms and the association with nonsegmental vitiligo in the Korean population","volume":"37","author":"Yun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Immunogenet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23215","article-title":"IL-10-producing and naturally occurring CD4+ Tregs: limiting collateral damage","volume":"114","author":"O'Garra","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2005.02317.x","article-title":"Imbalance of regulatory T cells in human autoimmune diseases","volume":"117","author":"Dejaco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09217.x","article-title":"Analysis of interleukin-10 levels in lesions of vitiligo following treatment with topical tacrolimus","volume":"161","author":"Taher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/210609","article-title":"Association of interleukin-10 gene promoter polymorphisms in Saudi patients with vitiligo","volume":"24","author":"Abanmi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.377","article-title":"IFN-\u03b3, IL-21, and IL-10 co-expression in evolving autoimmune vitiligo lesions of Smyth line chickens","volume":"132","author":"Shi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13085","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1300314110","article-title":"Inflammatory monocytes are potent antitumor effectors controlled by regulatory CD4+ T cells","volume":"110","author":"Pommier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4094","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901081","article-title":"Direct expansion of human allospecific FoxP3+CD4+ regulatory T cells with allogeneic B cells for therapeutic application","volume":"183","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11726","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011726","article-title":"Human antigen-specific regulatory T cells generated by T cell receptor gene transfer","volume":"5","author":"Brusko","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjr039","article-title":"Induced FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells: a potential new weapon to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases?","volume":"4","author":"Lan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.3.1531","article-title":"CD4+ and CD8+ regulatory T cells generated ex vivo with IL-2 and TGF-beta suppress a stimulatory graft-versus-host disease with a lupus-like syndrome","volume":"172","author":"Zheng","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2830","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.5.2830","article-title":"Mitigation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by TGF-beta induced FoxP3+ regulatory T lymphocytes through the induction of anergy and infectious tolerance","volume":"180","author":"Selvaraj","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1004112","article-title":"Antigen-specific TGF-beta-induced regulatory T cells secrete chemokines, regulate T cell trafficking, and suppress ongoing autoimmunity","volume":"187","author":"Nguyen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4685","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.7.4685","article-title":"Autoantigen-specific TGFbeta-induced FoxP3+ regulatory T cells prevent autoimmunity by inhibiting dendritic cells from activating autoreactive T cells","volume":"179","author":"DiPaolo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4730","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.8.4730","article-title":"Adaptive islet-specific regulatory CD4 T cells control autoimmune diabetes and mediate the disappearance of pathogenic Th1 cells in vivo","volume":"176","author":"Weber","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.072801","article-title":"Transforming growth factor beta induced FoxP3+ regulatory T cells suppress Th1-mediated experimental colitis","volume":"55","author":"Fantini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8209","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.12.8209","article-title":"Cutting edge: antigen specific TGF beta-induced regulatory T cells suppress Th17-mediated autoimmune disease","volume":"181","author":"Huter","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030152","article-title":"Conversion of peripheral CD4+CD25\u2212 naive T cells to CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells by TGF-beta induction of transcription factor FoxP3","volume":"198","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.540","article-title":"A quantitative increase in regulatory T cells controls development of vitiligo","volume":"134","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12183","article-title":"A central role for inducible heat-shock protein 70 in autoimmune vitiligo","volume":"22","author":"Mosenson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174ra28","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3005127","article-title":"Mutant HSP70 reverses autoimmune depigmentation in vitiligo","volume":"5","author":"Mosenson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3109\/02656736.2013.811546","article-title":"Heat shock proteins can be targets of regulatory T cells for therapeutic intervention in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"29","author":"Van Herwijnen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Hyperthermia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14622","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405234101","article-title":"Therapeutic vaccination using CD4+CD25+ antigen-specific regulatory T cells","volume":"101","author":"Bluestone","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19078","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907396106","article-title":"Adoptive therapy with redirected primary regulatory T cells results in antigen-specific suppression of arthritis","volume":"106","author":"Wright","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.20358","article-title":"Portrait of an immunoregulatory Bifidobacterium","volume":"3","author":"Konieczna","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1989.tb05105.x","article-title":"Probiotics in man and animals","volume":"66","author":"Fuller","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Appl Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300936","article-title":"Bifidobacterium infantis 35,624 administration induces FoxP3 T regulatory cells in human peripheral blood: potential role for myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells","volume":"61","author":"Konieczna","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000112","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000112","article-title":"Commensal-induced regulatory T cells mediate protection against pathogen-stimulated NFkappaB activation","volume":"4","author":"O'Mahony","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.050","article-title":"Lactobacillus and bifidobacterium in irritable bowel syndrome: symptom responses and relationship to cytokine profiles","volume":"128","author":"O'Mahony","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00734.x","article-title":"Efficacy of an encapsulated probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis 35,624 in women with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"101","author":"Whorwell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02629.x","article-title":"Probiotic-induced suppression of allergic sensitization and airway inflammation is associated with an increase of T regulatory-dependent mechanisms in a murine model of asthma","volume":"37","author":"Feleszko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0904055107","article-title":"Generation of regulatory dendritic cells and CD4+FoxP3+ T cells by probiotics administration suppresses immune disorders","volume":"107","author":"Kwon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2014.04.008","article-title":"Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on allergic march model by suppressing Th2, Th17, and TSLP responses via CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Tregs","volume":"153","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9009","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009009","article-title":"A novel probiotic mixture exerts a therapeutic effect on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mediated by IL-10 producing regulatory T cells","volume":"5","author":"Lavasani","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2011.04.005","article-title":"An acidic polysaccharide of Panax ginseng ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and induces regulatory T cells","volume":"138","author":"Hwang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2014.04.006","article-title":"Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibitor modulates T regulatory and IL-17 cells in the prevention of adjuvant induced arthritis in mice model","volume":"68","author":"Ahmad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4441","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-12-396101","article-title":"IL-5 promotes induction of antigen-specific CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells that suppress autoimmunity","volume":"119","author":"Tran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2012.08.269","article-title":"The role of IL-2 in the activation and expansion of regulatory T-cells and the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"218","author":"Rouse","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.2337\/db09-0694","article-title":"Defects in IL-2R signaling contribute to diminished maintenance of FOXP3 expression in CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T-cells of type 1 diabetic subjects","volume":"59","author":"Long","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2006.04.005","article-title":"IL-2 receptor alpha deficiency and features of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"Aoki","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.2174\/187152808786848423","article-title":"Tuning immune suppression in systemic autoimmunity with self-derived peptides","volume":"7","author":"Singh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4346","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900400","article-title":"Induction of alloantigen-specific human T regulatory cells by vasoactive intestinal peptide","volume":"183","author":"Pozo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2904","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23961","article-title":"TCR stimulation with modified anti-CD3 mAb expands CD8+ T cell population and induces CD8+CD25+ Tregs","volume":"115","author":"Bisikirska","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2008.03.509","article-title":"Regulatory T cells induced by GM-CSF suppress ongoing experimental myasthenia gravis","volume":"128","author":"Sheng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302519","article-title":"A role for intrathymic B cells in the generation of natural regulatory T cells","volume":"193","author":"Walters","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3543","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34601","article-title":"Modulation of STAT-3 in rheumatoid synovial T cells suppresses Th17 differentiation and increases the proportion of Treg cells","volume":"64","author":"Ju","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.12.004","article-title":"Th17 and regulatory T cell balance in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases","volume":"13","author":"Noack","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.04.005","article-title":"Enhanced killing activity of regulatory T cells ameliorates inflammation and autoimmunity","volume":"12","author":"Askenasy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"}],"container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997214002146?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997214002146?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T14:43:26Z","timestamp":1598366606000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568997214002146"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":110,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1568997214002146"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1568-9972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1568-9972","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Regulatory T cells in vitiligo: Implications for pathogenesis and therapeutics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Autoimmunity Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}