{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:52:35Z","timestamp":1790873555121,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008349","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008897","name":"Janssen Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011944","name":"School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011944","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006436","name":"Celgene","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006436","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007054","name":"Meso Scale Diagnostics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001003","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]],"date-time":"2021-10-28T13:44:05Z","timestamp":1635428645000},"page":"102978","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Pharmacological treatments for SSc-ILD: Systematic review and critical appraisal of the evidence"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Madelon C.","family":"Vonk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petros P.","family":"Sfikakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Cutolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"del Galdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Seibold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204424","article-title":"2013 classification criteria for systemic sclerosis: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League against Rheumatism collaborative initiative","volume":"72","author":"van den Hoogen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163894","article-title":"U.A. Walker and EUSTAR co-authors, Incidences and risk factors of organ manifestations in the early course of systemic sclerosis: a longitudinal EUSTAR study","volume":"11","author":"Jaeger","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.062901","article-title":"Clinical risk assessment of organ manifestations in systemic sclerosis: a report from the EULAR scleroderma trials and research group database","volume":"66","author":"Walker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S191418","article-title":"Epidemiology of systemic sclerosis and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"11","author":"Bergamasco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211448","article-title":"Mapping and predicting mortality from systemic sclerosis","volume":"76","author":"Elhai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201903-0486OC","article-title":"Tracking impact of interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis in a complete nationwide cohort","volume":"200","author":"Hoffmann-Vold","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.066068","article-title":"Changes in causes of death in systemic sclerosis, 1972-2002","volume":"66","author":"Steen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30933-9","article-title":"Systemic sclerosis","volume":"390","author":"Denton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-019-0980-7","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc-ILD)","volume":"20","author":"Cottin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217455","article-title":"Progressive interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease in the EUSTAR database","volume":"80","author":"Hoffmann-Vold","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209909","article-title":"Update of EULAR recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis","volume":"76","author":"Kowal-Bielecka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0060","series-title":"Book OFEV\u00ae (nintedanib): Prescribing Information","article-title":"OFEV\u00ae (nintedanib): prescribing information","author":"U.S. Food & Drug Administration","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055120","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide versus placebo in scleroderma lung disease","volume":"354","author":"Tashkin","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30152-7","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil versus oral cyclophosphamide in scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease (SLS II): a randomised controlled, double-blind, parallel group trial","volume":"4","author":"Tashkin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0075","series-title":"Book ACTEMRA\u00ae (tocilizumab): Prescribing Information","article-title":"ACTEMRA\u00ae (tocilizumab): prescribing information","author":"U.S. Food & Drug Administration","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0080","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"1","author":"Barnes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.102453","article-title":"Targeting CD20 in the treatment of interstitial lung diseases related to connective tissue diseases: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Bellan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102742","article-title":"Targeted therapies in interstitial lung disease secondary to systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease. Current status and future development","volume":"20","author":"Karakontaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.01973.x","article-title":"Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations in clinical practice guidelines. Part 1 of 3. An overview of the GRADE approach and grading quality of evidence about interventions","volume":"64","author":"Brozek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0100","first-page":"1596","article-title":"Nintedanib for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"381","author":"Distler","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0105","first-page":"A6432","article-title":"Scleroderma lung study II: comparison of therapy with mycophenolate mofetil versus oral cyclophosphamide in patients with symptomatic scleroderma interstitial lung disease","volume":"193","author":"Tashkin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00232-4","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of subcutaneous tocilizumab in adults with systemic sclerosis (faSScinate): a phase 2, randomised, controlled trial","volume":"387","author":"Khanna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30318-0","article-title":"Tocilizumab in systemic sclerosis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"8","author":"Khanna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1903076","article-title":"Nintedanib for systemic sclerosis\u2013associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"380","author":"Distler","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1908681","article-title":"Nintedanib in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases","volume":"381","author":"Flaherty","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217331","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of nintedanib in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: data from the SENSCIS trial","volume":"79","author":"Seibold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0135","first-page":"0374","article-title":"The INBUILD trial of nintedanib in patients with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases: subgroup with autoimmune diseases","volume":"71","author":"Matteson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211682","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of subcutaneous tocilizumab in systemic sclerosis: results from the open-label period of a phase II randomised controlled trial (faSScinate)","volume":"77","author":"Khanna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.11.052","article-title":"Improved cough and cough-specific quality of life in patients treated for scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease: results of Scleroderma Lung Study II","volume":"151","author":"Tashkin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213708","article-title":"Short-term progression of interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis predicts long-term survival in two independent clinical trial cohorts","volume":"78","author":"Volkmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201802-079OC","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in quantitative interstitial lung disease on computed tomography after immunosuppression in the Scleroderma Lung Study II","volume":"15","author":"Goldin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorc Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23282","article-title":"Participants in the Scleroderma Lung Study I and members of the Scleroderma Lung Study II research group, efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil and oral cyclophosphamide on skin thickness: post hoc analyses from two randomized placebo-controlled trials","volume":"70","author":"Namas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11125","article-title":"Treatment with mycophenolate and cyclophosphamide leads to clinically meaningful improvements in patient-reported outcomes in scleroderma lung disease: results of Scleroderma Lung Study II","volume":"2","author":"Volkmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACR Open Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1203-y","article-title":"Changes in plasma CXCL4 levels are associated with improvements in lung function in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy for systemic sclerosis-related interstitial lung disease","volume":"18","author":"Volkmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-013-9499-8","article-title":"Mycophenolate versus cyclophosphamide for progressive interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis: a 2-year case control study","volume":"191","author":"Panopoulos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-3692(15)50949-5","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil is safe, well tolerated, and preserves lung function in patients with connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease","volume":"130","author":"Swigris","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.121043","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil improves lung function in connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"40","author":"Fischer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-011-1823-1","article-title":"Effect of mycophenolate sodium in scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease","volume":"30","author":"Sime\u00f3n-Aznar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel244","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis\u2014a retrospective analysis","volume":"46","author":"Nihtyanova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2861","article-title":"Effect of mycophenolate mofetil on pulmonary function in scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"133","author":"Gerbino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.07.021","article-title":"Use of mycophenolate mofetil to treat scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"102","author":"Zamora","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.5301\/jsrd.5000205","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil following cyclophosphamide in worsening systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"1","author":"Launay","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Scleroderma Relat Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12399","article-title":"Two-year experience with mycophenolate mofetil in patients with scleroderma lung disease: a case series","volume":"17","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.09.003","article-title":"Low-dose pulse cyclophosphamide in interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc-ILD): efficacy of maintenance immunosuppression in responders and non-responders","volume":"44","author":"Iudici","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kei211","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil as first-line treatment improves clinically evident early scleroderma lung disease","volume":"45","author":"Liossis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0230","first-page":"287","article-title":"A pilot study of mycophenolate mofetil combined to intravenous methylprednisolone pulses and oral low-dose glucocorticoids in severe early systemic sclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Vanthuyne","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0108","article-title":"Treatment of scleroderma-interstitial lung disease with cyclophosphamide is associated with less progressive fibrosis on serial thoracic high-resolution CT scan than placebo: findings from the Scleroderma Lung Study","volume":"136","author":"Goldin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200702-326OC","article-title":"Effects of 1-year treatment with cyclophosphamide on outcomes at 2 years in scleroderma lung disease","volume":"176","author":"Tashkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30438","article-title":"Predicting treatment outcomes and responder subsets in scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease","volume":"63","author":"Roth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-011-2223-2","article-title":"Quantitative texture-based assessment of one-year changes in fibrotic reticular patterns on HRCT in scleroderma lung disease treated with oral cyclophosphamide","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208929","article-title":"Transitions to different patterns of interstitial lung disease in scleroderma with and without treatment","volume":"75","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22580","article-title":"Impact of oral cyclophosphamide on health-related quality of life in patients with active scleroderma lung disease: results from the Scleroderma Lung Study","volume":"56","author":"Khanna","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200705-655OC","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar lavage and response to cyclophosphamide in scleroderma interstitial lung disease","volume":"177","author":"Strange","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-0801","article-title":"Correlation of cough with disease activity and treatment with cyclophosphamide in scleroderma interstitial lung disease: findings from the Scleroderma Lung Study","volume":"142","author":"Theodore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.180441","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide for systemic sclerosis-related interstitial lung disease: a comparison of Scleroderma Lung Study I and II","volume":"46","author":"Volkmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s100670050138","article-title":"Intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy for the treatment of lung disease associated with scleroderma","volume":"18","author":"Davas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin.Rheumatol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 125","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0285","first-page":"161","article-title":"EUSTAR and SLS I & SLS II centres collaborators, intravenous versus oral cyclophosphamide for lung and\/or skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis: an indirect comparison from EUSTAR and randomised controlled trials","volume":"38","author":"Bruni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-132-12-200006200-00004","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide is associated with pulmonary function and survival benefit in patients with scleroderma and alveolitis","volume":"132","author":"White","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.033076","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide reduces neutrophilic alveolitis in patients with scleroderma lung disease: a retrospective analysis of serial bronchoalveolar lavage investigations","volume":"64","author":"Kowal-Bielecka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0300","first-page":"731","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide pulse regimen in the treatment of alveolitis in systemic sclerosis","volume":"29","author":"Giacomelli","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0305","first-page":"293","article-title":"Intravenous cyclophosphamide for interstitial lung disease associated to systemic sclerosis: results with an 18-month long protocol including a maintenance phase","volume":"25","author":"Air\u00f2","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2174\/1874306400802010039","article-title":"Intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in the treatment of systemic sclerosis-related interstitial lung disease: a long term study","volume":"2","author":"Sime\u00f3n-Aznar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Open Respir Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-010-1493-4","article-title":"A long-term prospective randomized controlled study of non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) treatment in scleroderma","volume":"30","author":"Domiciano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4171-6","article-title":"Intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis in a retrospective open-label study: influence of the extent of inflammation on pulmonary function","volume":"37","author":"van den Hombergh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.3109\/s10165-010-0403-6","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy with oral prednisolone in the treatment of interstitial lung disease with systemic sclerosis: 4-year follow-up","volume":"21","author":"Tochimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0330","first-page":"1325","article-title":"A pilot study of intermittent intravenous cyclophosphamide for the treatment of systemic sclerosis associated lung disease","volume":"25","author":"V\u00e1rai","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-006-0217-1","article-title":"Combination of intravenous pulses of cyclophosphamide and methylprednizolone in patients with systemic sclerosis and interstitial lung disease","volume":"27","author":"Yiannopoulos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0340","first-page":"2371","article-title":"Systemic sclerosis and interstitial lung disease: a pilot study using pulse intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide to assess the effect on high resolution computed tomography scan and lung function","volume":"29","author":"Griffiths","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0345","first-page":"298","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide with low or high dose prednisolone for systemic sclerosis lung disease","volume":"29","author":"Pakas","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0350","first-page":"58","article-title":"Are high doses of prednisone necessary for treatment of interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis?","volume":"8","author":"Perez Campos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0355","first-page":"1064","article-title":"Therapeutic strategy combining intravenous cyclophosphamide followed by oral azathioprine to treat worsening interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis: a retrospective multicenter open-label study","volume":"35","author":"B\u00e9rezn\u00e9","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3962","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22204","article-title":"A multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of corticosteroids and intravenous cyclophosphamide followed by oral azathioprine for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in scleroderma","volume":"54","author":"Hoyles","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0365","first-page":"7","article-title":"Effect of sequential intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide-azathioprine in systemic sclerosis-interstitial lung disease: an open-label study","volume":"58","author":"Kundu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep093","article-title":"Experience with rituximab in scleroderma: results from a 1-year, proof-of-principle study","volume":"49","author":"Daoussis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0375","first-page":"S17","article-title":"Effect of long-term treatment with rituximab on pulmonary function and skin fibrosis in patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis","volume":"30","author":"Daoussis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2016.10.003","article-title":"A multicenter, open-label, comparative study of B-cell depletion therapy with rituximab for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"46","author":"Daoussis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204522","article-title":"Effects and safety of rituximab in systemic sclerosis: an analysis from the European scleroderma trial and research (EUSTAR) group","volume":"74","author":"Jordan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00163911","article-title":"Severe interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disease: rituximab as rescue therapy","volume":"40","author":"Keir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key213","article-title":"Intravenous cyclophosphamide vs rituximab for the treatment of early diffuse scleroderma lung disease: open label, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"57","author":"Sircar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161040","article-title":"Pomalidomide in patients with interstitial lung disease due to systemic sclerosis: a phase II, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study","volume":"45","author":"Hsu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R144","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4606","article-title":"Low-dose oral imatinib in the treatment of systemic sclerosis interstitial lung disease unresponsive to cyclophosphamide: a phase II pilot study","volume":"16","author":"Fraticelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3540","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30548","article-title":"A one-year, phase I\/IIa, open-label pilot trial of imatinib mesylate in the treatment of systemic sclerosis\u2013associated active interstitial lung disease","volume":"63","author":"Khanna","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187580","article-title":"Novel lung imaging biomarkers and skin gene expression subsetting in dasatinib treatment of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"12","author":"Martyanov","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken369","article-title":"A novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of scleroderma-associated pulmonary complications: safety and efficacy of combination therapy with imatinib and cyclophosphamide","volume":"48","author":"Sabnani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.143974","article-title":"Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) in the treatment of diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: results of a 1-year, phase IIa, single-arm, open-label clinical trial","volume":"70","author":"Spiera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27466","article-title":"Randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled trial of bosentan in interstitial lung disease secondary to systemic sclerosis","volume":"62","author":"Seibold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370904","article-title":"Therapy for severe interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis. A retrospective study","volume":"37","author":"Steen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.151322","article-title":"An open-label, phase II study of the safety and tolerability of pirfenidone in patients with scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease: the LOTUSS trial","volume":"43","author":"Khanna","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216823","article-title":"Riociguat in patients with early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (RISE-SSc): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre trial","volume":"79","author":"Khanna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60982-3","article-title":"Autologous non-myeloablative haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation compared with pulse cyclophosphamide once per month for systemic sclerosis (ASSIST): an open-label, randomised phase 2 trial","volume":"378","author":"Burt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.6368","article-title":"Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation vs intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"311","author":"van Laar","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1703327","article-title":"Myeloablative autologous stem-cell transplantation for severe scleroderma","volume":"378","author":"Sullivan","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30330-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of nintedanib in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease treated with mycophenolate: a subgroup analysis of the SENSCIS trial","volume":"9","author":"Highland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0470","first-page":"838","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide and low-dose prednisone therapy in patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) with interstitial lung disease","volume":"20","author":"Silver","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370518","article-title":"Improved pulmonary function in systemic sclerosis after treatment with cyclophosphamide","volume":"37","author":"Akesson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199807)41:7<1215::AID-ART11>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide in the treatment of interstitial lung disease due to collagen vascular diseases","volume":"41","author":"Schnabel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0254-x","article-title":"Oral cyclophosphamide improves pulmonary function in scleroderma patients with fibrosing alveolitis: experience in one centre","volume":"26","author":"Beretta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-185X.2009.01417.x","article-title":"High-dose prednisolone and bolus cyclophosphamide in interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis: a prospective open study","volume":"12","author":"Wanchu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq259","article-title":"Mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells by intravenous cyclophosphamide in patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"49","author":"Furuya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312901105010001","article-title":"Long term effects of cyclophosphamide treatment on lung function and survival in scleroderma patients with interstitial lung disease","volume":"5","author":"Mittoo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Open Rheumatol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14669","article-title":"Prediction of therapeutic response before and during i.v. cyclophosphamide pulse therapy for interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis: a longitudinal observational study","volume":"45","author":"Sumida","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997221002585?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997221002585?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T21:24:22Z","timestamp":1761600262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568997221002585"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":101,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1568997221002585"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978","relation":{},"ISSN":["1568-9972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1568-9972","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pharmacological treatments for SSc-ILD: Systematic review and critical appraisal of the evidence","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Autoimmunity Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102978","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102978"}}