{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T20:48:16Z","timestamp":1778014096878,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012041","name":"Versus Arthritis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22975"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T22:08:05Z","timestamp":1744150085000},"page":"103808","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The impact of pregnancy on future health in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A systematic review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Bethan","family":"Goulden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Woodward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Leiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Covington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Nzelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Radboud","family":"Dolhain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Giles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2103726","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis \u2014 common origins, divergent mechanisms","volume":"388","author":"Gravallese","year":"2023","journal-title":"New England J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0010","first-page":"23","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and axial spondyloarthritis epidemiology in England from 2004 to 2020: an observational study using primary care electronic health record data","author":"Scott","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Regional Health \u2013 Europe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0015","first-page":"736","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis is getting less frequent\u2014results of a nationwide population-based cohort study","volume":"56","author":"Abhishek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.180226","article-title":"Does rheumatoid arthritis really improve during pregnancy? A systematic review and Metaanalysis","volume":"46","author":"Jethwa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-219547","article-title":"Modern treatment approach results in low disease activity in 90% of pregnant rheumatoid arthritis patients: the PreCARA study","volume":"80","author":"Smeele","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0030","first-page":"42","article-title":"Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"H","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-06033-2","article-title":"Association between disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis and maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Lv","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003497","article-title":"Preeclampsia and future cardiovascular health","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0045","article-title":"Progression to type 2 diabetes in women with a known history of gestational diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"369","author":"Vounzoulaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"e140715","key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0050","article-title":"Pregnancy-induced humoral sensitization overrides T cell tolerance to fetus-matched allografts in mice","volume":"131","author":"Suah","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000004647","article-title":"The entangled world of memory T cells and implications in transplantation","volume":"108","author":"Alexander","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.150195","article-title":"Breastfeeding and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and Metaanalysis","volume":"42","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12413","article-title":"Absence of protective effect of oral contraceptive use on the development of rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0070","author":"Wells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218356","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for a core data set for pregnancy registries in rheumatology","volume":"80","author":"Meissner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2022.105374","article-title":"Lifetime female hormonal exposure and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in postmenopausal women: results from the French E3N cohort","volume":"89","author":"Salliot","year":"2022","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740802448825","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis in UK primary care: incidence and prior morbidity","volume":"38","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.5.405","article-title":"Pregnancy and oral contraceptive use do not significantly influence outcome in long term rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"61","author":"Drossaers-Bakker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1172-1","article-title":"Fab glycosylation of immunoglobulin G does not associate with improvement of rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy","volume":"18","author":"Bondt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-212946","article-title":"ACPA IgG galactosylation associates with disease activity in pregnant patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"77","author":"Bondt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1367-0","article-title":"IgA N- and O-glycosylation profiling reveals no association with the pregnancy-related improvement in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Bondt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4522","DOI":"10.1021\/pr400589m","article-title":"Association between Galactosylation of immunoglobulin G and improvement of rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy is independent of sialylation","volume":"12","author":"Bondt","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.10.934","article-title":"Comorbidity and lifestyle, reproductive factors, and environmental exposures associated with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"60","author":"Reckner Olsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780331203","article-title":"Pregnancy and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"33","author":"Hazes","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019658","article-title":"Pregnancy and the risk of autoimmune disease","volume":"6","author":"Khashan","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key311","article-title":"Role of reproductive and menopausal factors in functional and structural progression of rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SCQM cohort","volume":"58","author":"Alpizar-Rodriguez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.128769","article-title":"The relationship between post-onset pregnancy and functional outcome in women with recent onset inflammatory polyarthritis: results from the Norfolk arthritis register","volume":"69","author":"Camacho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu150","article-title":"Increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women with pregnancy complications and poor self-rated health: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort","volume":"53","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.099945","article-title":"National cohort study of reproductive risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis in Denmark: a role for hyperemesis, gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia?","volume":"69","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"J120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2011.10.002","article-title":"Hyperemesis, gestational hypertensive disorders, pregnancy losses and risk of autoimmune diseases in a Danish population-based cohort","volume":"38","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200292","article-title":"Multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes before symptom onset are associated with a worse disease outcome in women with recent-onset inflammatory polyarthritis","volume":"71","author":"Camacho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2002.004291","article-title":"Miscarriage but not fecundity is associated with progression of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"63","author":"van Dunn\u00e9","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0165","first-page":"2123","article-title":"The role of life events and childhood experiences in the development of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"27","author":"Carette","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.47.12.979","article-title":"Adverse reproductive outcomes in women who subsequently develop rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"47","author":"Silman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0175","first-page":"171","article-title":"The onset of rheumatoid arthritis in relation to pregnancy and childbirth","volume":"11","author":"Lansink","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4790","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab101","article-title":"Female hormonal exposures and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in the French E3N-EPIC cohort study","volume":"60","author":"Salliot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12010208","article-title":"Hormonal and reproductive factors in relation to cardiovascular events in women with early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Boman","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0869-x","article-title":"Parity influences the severity of ACPA-negative early rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study based on the Swedish EIRA material","volume":"17","author":"Pikwer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202481","article-title":"Using lifestyle factors to identify individuals at higher risk of inflammatory polyarthritis (results from the European prospective investigation of Cancer-Norfolk and the Norfolk arthritis register\u2014the EPIC-2-NOAR study)","volume":"73","author":"Lahiri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/msc.193","article-title":"Patient-reported events preceding the onset of rheumatoid arthritis: possible clues to aetiology","volume":"9","author":"S\u00f6derlin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Musculoskeletal Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.55.2.94","article-title":"Oral contraception, parity, breast feeding, and severity of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"55","author":"Jorgensen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3109\/03009741003742763","article-title":"Influence of female hormonal factors, in relation to autoantibodies and genetic markers, on the development of rheumatoid arthritis in northern Sweden: a case-control study","volume":"39","author":"Berglin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.115964","article-title":"Postpartum onset of rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic arthritides: results from a patient register linked to a medical birth registry","volume":"69","author":"Wallenius","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.49.1.12","article-title":"Is poor pregnancy outcome a risk factor in rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"49","author":"Spector","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0225","first-page":"72","article-title":"The association between parity and rheumatoid arthritis: results from the swedish EIRA study","author":"Orellana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117267","article-title":"An investigation of gene-environment interaction in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"140","author":"Brennan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.24.2.169","article-title":"Subfertility before and after the development of rheumatoid arthritis in women","volume":"24","author":"Kay","year":"1965","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24224","article-title":"Transfer of the shared epitope through microchimerism in women with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"60","author":"Rak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-325","article-title":"Long-term persistence and effects of fetal microchimerisms on disease onset and status in a cohort of women with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"14","author":"Kekow","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez565","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis and risk of spontaneous abortion: a Danish nationwide cohort study","volume":"59","author":"Nathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330604","article-title":"The pill, parity, and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"33","author":"Spector","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0260","first-page":"42","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome and autoantibodies in connective tissue disease","volume":"16","author":"McHugh","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.47.12.982","article-title":"Outcome of pregnancy in patients with autoimmune rheumatic disease before the disease onset","volume":"47","author":"Siamopoulou-Mavridou","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.5.322","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis, HLA identity, and age at menarche","volume":"52","author":"Deighton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5686","article-title":"Breastfeeding is associated with a decreased risk of ACPA-positive rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish EIRA study","volume":"74","author":"Orellana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38927","article-title":"To what extent is the familial risk of rheumatoid arthritis explained by established rheumatoid arthritis risk factors?","volume":"67","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.111179","article-title":"Hormonal replacement therapy may reduce the risk for RA in women with early arthritis who carry HLA-DRB1 *01 and\/or *04 alleles by protecting against the production of anti-CCP: results from the ESPOIR cohort","volume":"69","author":"Salliot","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.084707","article-title":"Breast feeding, but not use of oral contraceptives, is associated with a reduced risk of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"68","author":"Pikwer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401106","article-title":"Blood transfusion, smoking, and obesity as risk factors for the development of rheumatoid arthritis: results from a primary care-based incident case-control study in Norfolk","volume":"40","author":"Symmons","year":"1997","journal-title":"England Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/34.7.625","article-title":"Parity and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in Finnish women","volume":"34","author":"Heliovaara","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/34.6.542","article-title":"Breast feeding, other reproductive factors and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Brun","year":"1995","journal-title":"A prospective study Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780350205","article-title":"Timing of pregnancy in relation to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"35","author":"Silman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3109\/03009748309102886","article-title":"Effect of pregnancy and hormonal changes on the activity of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Ostensen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.12.3.227","article-title":"Effect of pregnancy on the onset and course of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"OKA","year":"1953","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"J81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2011.06.004","article-title":"Childbirths and risk of female predominant and other autoimmune diseases in a population-based Danish cohort","volume":"38","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4657.799","article-title":"Controlled investigation into Aetiology and clinical features of rheumatoid arthritis: report of scientific advisory Committee of Empire Rheumatism Council","volume":"1","author":"L.S.P D.","year":"1950","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2272(1996)13:4<411::AID-GEPI9>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Maternal exposure to paternal HLA does not explain the postpartum increase in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Brennan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2008.02.004","article-title":"Fetal cells of mesenchymal origin in cultures derived from synovial tissue and skin of patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"75","author":"Hromadnikova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2017.00241","article-title":"Serum protein N-glycosylation changes with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity during and after pregnancy","volume":"4","author":"Reiding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R10","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3231","article-title":"Mannose-binding lectin does not explain the course and outcome of pregnancy in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"van de Geijn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R193","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2892","article-title":"Immunoglobulin G galactosylation and sialylation are associated with pregnancy-induced improvement of rheumatoid arthritis and the postpartum flare: results from a large prospective cohort study","volume":"11","author":"van de Geijn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740310004748","article-title":"Aetiological factors of importance for the development of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"33","author":"Olsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003338","article-title":"Hormonal and reproductive factors in relation to the risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women: a prospective cohort study with 223526 participants","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3588","article-title":"Hyperthyroidism incidence fluctuates widely in and around pregnancy and is at variance with some other autoimmune diseases: a Danish population-based study","volume":"100","author":"Andersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2019.06.011","article-title":"Disease progression in relation to pre-onset parity among women with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"50","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex526","article-title":"The impact of menopause on functional status in women with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"57","author":"Mollard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120269","article-title":"Pregnancy and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis in a highly predisposed north American native population","volume":"39","author":"Peschken","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27459","article-title":"Does pregnancy provide vaccine-like protection against rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"62","author":"Guthrie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4161\/chim.15424","article-title":"Parity and HLA alleles in risk of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2","author":"Guthrie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chimerism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0400","first-page":"18","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome in women with rheumatoid arthritis before disease onset","volume":"19","author":"Nelson","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0405","first-page":"875","article-title":"Fetal wastage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Kaplan","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38247","article-title":"Adverse pregnancy outcomes and risk of subsequent rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"66","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22005","article-title":"Association of environmental and genetic factors and gene-environment interactions with risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"65","author":"Karlson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199003000-00012","article-title":"The relationship of oral contraceptive use to rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"1","author":"Moskowitz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22366","article-title":"Contributions of familial rheumatoid arthritis or lupus and environmental factors to risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women: a prospective cohort study","volume":"66","author":"Sparks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360103","article-title":"Fecundity before disease onset in women with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"36","author":"Nelson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19600","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1904779116","article-title":"Immunogenicity of a rheumatoid arthritis protective sequence when acquired through microchimerism","volume":"116","author":"Kanaan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33358","article-title":"Microchimerism in the rheumatoid nodules of rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"64","author":"Chan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.03.037","article-title":"Male microchimerism in women without sons: quantitative assessment and correlation with pregnancy history","volume":"118","author":"Yan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30160","article-title":"Acquisition of the rheumatoid arthritis HLA shared epitope through microchimerism","volume":"63","author":"Yan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41435-018-0055-7","article-title":"Mother\u2212child histocompatibility and risk of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus among mothers","volume":"21","author":"Cruz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210662","article-title":"Increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis among mothers with children who carry DRB1 risk-associated alleles","volume":"76","author":"Cruz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)92413-3","article-title":"Case-control study of rheumatoid arthritis and prior use of oral contraceptives","volume":"1","author":"Linos","year":"1983","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(99)80019-5","article-title":"The lack of associations between rheumatoid arthritis and both nulliparity and infertility","volume":"28","author":"Pope","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0b013e3182a14372","article-title":"Reproductive history and postmenopausal rheumatoid arthritis among women 60 years or older: third National Health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"20","author":"Beydoun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3458","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20621","article-title":"Do breast-feeding and other reproductive factors influence future risk of rheumatoid arthritis? Results from the nurses\u2019 health study","volume":"50","author":"Karlson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(03)00084-2","article-title":"Estrogen and other female reproductive risk factors are not strongly associated with the development of rheumatoid arthritis in elderly women","volume":"33","author":"Merlino","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/23.6.1248","article-title":"Non-contraceptive hormones and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis in menopausal women","volume":"23","author":"Koepsell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199007000-00005","article-title":"Reproductive factors, smoking, and the risk for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"1","author":"Hernandez Avila","year":"1990","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0500","first-page":"207","article-title":"The effect of oral contraceptives and estrogen replacement therapy on the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a population based study","volume":"31","author":"Doran","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"J97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2011.08.001","article-title":"Antigenic challenge in the etiology of autoimmune disease in women","volume":"38","author":"Rogers","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0510","article-title":"Association between history of gestational diabetes mellitus and the risk of arthritis in women","volume":"10","author":"Mao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2018-000278","article-title":"Increased alloreactive and autoreactive antihuman leucocyte antigen antibodies associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Jackman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lupus Science & Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131234","article-title":"The influence of early menopause on cardiovascular risk in women with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"41","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20793","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77841-1","article-title":"Menopausal factors and risk of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis in postmenopausal women: a nationwide cohort study of 1.36 million women","volume":"10","author":"Eun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0530","article-title":"Progression of bone and joint destruction during the perinatal period in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in the last decade","volume":"14","author":"Nagase","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1080\/08916934.2017.1373765","article-title":"Mannose-binding lectin deficiency and miscarriages in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"50","author":"Cieslinski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0540","article-title":"Causal association between rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy loss and intrauterine growth retardation: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study","volume":"103","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13370","article-title":"Number of parity and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women: a dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"43","author":"Ren","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2019.09.003","article-title":"The association between gravidity, parity and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2017.04.003","article-title":"HLA-disease associations in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"43","author":"van Drongelen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1363\/48e8516","article-title":"Abortion stigma: a systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Hanschmidt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2018.05.004","article-title":"The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: ISSHP classification, diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice","volume":"13","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pregnancy Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00417-6","article-title":"Pre-eclampsia","volume":"9","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0575","series-title":"Feto-maternal microchimerism: Memories from pregnancy iScience","volume":"25","author":"C\u00f3mitre-Mariano","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2005.00882.x","article-title":"Chromosomal anomalies in first-trimester miscarriages","volume":"84","author":"Ljunger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0585","first-page":"35","article-title":"Incidence and types of chromosomal abnormalities in first trimester spontaneous miscarriages: a Greek single-center prospective study","volume":"18","author":"Vlachadis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Maedica (Bucur)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.4788","article-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Infertility: a review","volume":"326","author":"Carson","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000053441.43495.1A","volume":"107","author":"Lawlor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0600","author":"McEvoy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209775","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory joint disorders: 2015\/2016 update","volume":"76","author":"Agca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209770","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for women\u2019s health and the management of family planning, assisted reproduction, pregnancy and menopause in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and\/or antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"76","author":"Andreoli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e58","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(20)30221-6","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk in inflammatory arthritis: rheumatoid arthritis and gout","volume":"3","author":"Hansildaar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dyae115","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyae115","article-title":"Pregnancy complications and new-onset maternal autoimmune disease","volume":"53","author":"Scime","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0625","first-page":"10","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of regulatory T cells in preeclampsia\u2014opportunities and challenges","author":"Robertson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.737862","article-title":"Regulatory T cells in pregnancy adverse outcomes: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Green","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.075283","article-title":"Pregnancy induces numerical and functional changes of CD4+CD25 high regulatory T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"67","author":"Forger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0640","first-page":"1","article-title":"Characterizing immune variation and diagnostic indicators of preeclampsia by single-cell RNA sequencing and machine learning","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5028","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.56141","article-title":"Distinct placental molecular processes associated with early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia","volume":"11","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00106.2016","article-title":"HLA gene expression is altered in whole blood and placenta from women who later developed preeclampsia","volume":"49","author":"Small","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01486","article-title":"Cellular fetal Microchimerism in preeclampsia","volume":"62","author":"Gammill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6681","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7681","article-title":"Crossreactivity to vinculin and microbes provides a molecular basis for HLA-based protection against rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"6","author":"van Heemst","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2024.103238","article-title":"Microchimeric cells promote production of rheumatoid arthritis-specific autoantibodies","volume":"146","author":"Hemon","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1552-5","article-title":"Maternal smoking and the risk of still birth: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Marufu","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0675","first-page":"14","article-title":"Associations between smoking status and infertility: a cross-sectional analysis among USA women aged 18-45 years","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt334","article-title":"Systematic review and Meta-analysis of miscarriage and maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy","volume":"179","author":"Pineles","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.181036","article-title":"It is time to modify treatment to enable more women with rheumatoid arthritis to have successful pregnancies","volume":"46","author":"Clowse","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Autoimmunity Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997225000680?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568997225000680?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T19:06:28Z","timestamp":1749323188000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568997225000680"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1568997225000680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808","relation":{},"ISSN":["1568-9972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1568-9972","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The impact of pregnancy on future health in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A systematic review of the literature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Autoimmunity Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103808","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103808"}}