{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:42:08Z","timestamp":1787064128514,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Vascular Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,24]],"date-time":"2013-12-24T16:30:30Z","timestamp":1387902630000},"page":"596-605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Metabolic Syndrome Reduces the Survival Benefit of the Obesity Paradox after Infrainguinal Bypass"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Dean J.","family":"Arnaoutakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shalini","family":"Selvarajah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nestoras","family":"Mathioudakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"James H.","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Freischlag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Abularrage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.052","article-title":"The epidemiology of obesity","volume":"132","author":"Ogden","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3248","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.9.3248","article-title":"Obesity and heart disease: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee, American Heart Association","volume":"96","author":"Eckel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020245","article-title":"Obesity and the risk of heart failure","volume":"347","author":"Kenchaiah","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.20.2471","article-title":"Obesity and the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation","volume":"292","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(95)90445-X","article-title":"Sudden death as a result of heart disease in morbid obesity","volume":"130","author":"Duflou","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3143","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.106.25.3143","article-title":"Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report","volume":"106","author":"National Cholesterol Education Program","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.29074\/ascls.23.1.51","article-title":"Beyond obesity: the diagnosis and pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Gade","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000122852.22604.78","article-title":"Is oxidative stress the pathogenic mechanism underlying insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease? The common soil hypothesis revisited","volume":"24","author":"Ceriello","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.4.882","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome in older individuals: prevalence and prediction of cardiovascular events","volume":"28","author":"Scuteri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.21.2709","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome and total cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men","volume":"288","author":"Lakka","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000140762.04598.F9","article-title":"National Cholesterol Education Program versus World Health Organization metabolic syndrome in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the San Antonio Heart Study","volume":"110","author":"Hunt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38766.624097.1F","article-title":"Clinical value of the metabolic syndrome for long term prediction of total cardiovascular mortality: prospective, population based cohort study","volume":"332","author":"Sundstr\u00f6m","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.12.018","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with occlusive and aneurysmatic peripheral arterial disease","volume":"210","author":"van Kuijk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2009718","article-title":"Perioperative outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting: effects of metabolic syndrome and patient\u2019s sex","volume":"18","author":"Brackbill","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Crit Care"},{"issue":"11 suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib15","first-page":"I213","article-title":"Obesity and metabolic syndrome are independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery","volume":"116","author":"Echahidi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/00019501-200602000-00007","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome negatively impacts early patency of saphenous vein grafts","volume":"17","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Coron Artery Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00867-6","article-title":"How deadly is the \u201cdeadly quartet\u201d?: a post-CABG evaluation","volume":"36","author":"Sprecher","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib18","unstructured":"American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program web site. ACS NSQIP: program overview. Available at: http:\/\/site.acsnsqip.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/NSQIP-Overview-10.12.pdf. Accessed January 8,\u00a02014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2012.05.037","article-title":"Effect of metabolic syndrome on perioperative outcomes after liver surgery: a National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) analysis","volume":"152","author":"Bhayani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.3.356","article-title":"Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"287","author":"Ford","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.8.2160","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in the San Antonio Heart and Framingham Offspring Studies","volume":"52","author":"Meigs","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.4.427","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome: prevalence and associated risk factor findings in the US population from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994","volume":"163","author":"Park","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2010.02392.x","article-title":"The association between the metabolic syndrome and peripheral, but not coronary, artery disease is partly mediated by endothelial dysfunction: the CODAM study","volume":"41","author":"Jacobs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-5096(07)60028-4","article-title":"Symptomatology and anatomic patterns of peripheral vascular disease: differing impact of smoking and diabetes","volume":"3","author":"Menzoian","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1089\/109629600750067183","article-title":"Wound infection after infrainguinal bypass operations: multivariate analysis of putative risk factors","volume":"1","author":"Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surg Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2007.05.044","article-title":"Lower extremity arterial revascularization in obese patients","volume":"46","author":"Patel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2009.05.003","article-title":"Body mass index: surgical site infections and mortality after lower extremity bypass from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program 2005-2007","volume":"24","author":"Giles","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.10.109","article-title":"Impact of metabolic syndrome on the outcomes of superficial femoral artery interventions","volume":"55","author":"Smolock","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07492-2","article-title":"Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990-2020: global burden of disease study","volume":"349","author":"Murray","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012757616119","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors as determinants of 25-year all-cause mortality in the seven countries study","volume":"17","author":"Menotti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00803.x","article-title":"Reverse epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors in maintenance dialysis patients","volume":"63","author":"Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.11.039","article-title":"Reverse epidemiology of conventional cardiovascular risk factors in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"43","author":"Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2007.00335.x","article-title":"Reverse epidemiology in patients with chronic kidney disease who are not yet on dialysis","volume":"20","author":"Kovesdy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2007.00346.x","article-title":"Reverse epidemiology beyond dialysis patients: chronic heart failure, geriatrics, rheumatoid arthritis, COPD, and AIDS","volume":"20","author":"Horwich","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2013.02.003","article-title":"The obesity paradox in the surgical population","volume":"11","author":"Valentijn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2009.286","article-title":"Gluteofemoral body fat as a determinant of metabolic health","volume":"34","author":"Manolopoulos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp317","article-title":"Obesity paradox in a cohort of 4880 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"31","author":"Hastie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp339","article-title":"The obesity paradox: weighing the benefit","volume":"31","author":"Doehner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2584","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp288","article-title":"The relationship between body mass index, treatment, and mortality in patients with established coronary artery disease: a report from APPROACH","volume":"30","author":"Oreopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.339","article-title":"Quality of care among obese patients","volume":"303","author":"Chang","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000535","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000535","article-title":"The influence of optimal medical treatment on the \u201cobesity paradox,\u201d body mass index and longterm mortality in patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention: a prospective cohort study","volume":"2","author":"Schenkeveld","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.06.019","article-title":"Medical therapies and invasive treatments for coronary artery disease by body mass: the \u201cobesity paradox\u201d in the Get With the Guidelines database","volume":"100","author":"Steinberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-629","article-title":"The utility of fat mass index vs. body mass index and percentage of body fat in the screening of metabolic syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-009-0023-8","article-title":"Ethnic, gender, and age-related differences in patients with the metabolic syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Razzouk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"}],"container-title":["Annals of Vascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890509613006936?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890509613006936?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T05:33:32Z","timestamp":1564983212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890509613006936"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0890509613006936"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.10.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-5096"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-5096","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}}}