{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T05:57:49Z","timestamp":1777874269495,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annalsofvascularsurgery.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Vascular Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T17:16:45Z","timestamp":1770311805000},"page":"118-129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Analysis of the Characteristics of Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients with Hemiplegia After Ischemic Stroke and Their Mid- and Long-Term Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Lizhi","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3396-4717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930241308142","article-title":"World stroke Organization: global stroke fact sheet 2025","volume":"20","author":"Feigin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(24)00369-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the global Burden of disease study 2021","volume":"23","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib3","article-title":"Projections of the stroke burden at the global, regional, and national levels up to 2050 based on the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"13","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.025250","article-title":"Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality of Stroke in China: results from a Nationwide Population-Based survey of 480 687 adults","volume":"135","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70150-4","article-title":"Motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Langhorne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.020376","article-title":"Multimorbidity in stroke","volume":"50","author":"Gallacher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-16-1286","article-title":"Pathophysiology of intermittent claudication in peripheral artery disease","volume":"81","author":"Hamburg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.108.799361","article-title":"Long-term outcome of therapeutic neovascularization using peripheral blood mononuclear cells for limb ischemia","volume":"2","author":"Moriya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5933","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.247155","article-title":"Skeletal muscle contraction triggers rapid onset pressor responses in cardiovascular disease","volume":"590","author":"Greaney","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e478","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.181486","volume":"115","author":"Adams","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00837.2013","article-title":"Impact of reduced daily physical activity on conduit artery flow-mediated dilation and circulating endothelial microparticles","volume":"115","author":"Boyle","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (Bethesda, Md: 1985)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2012.069211","article-title":"Immobilization increases interleukin-6, but not tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1, release from the leg during exercise in humans","volume":"98","author":"Reihmane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2015.101","article-title":"Exercise and type 2 diabetes: focus on metabolism and inflammation","volume":"94","author":"Karstoft","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Cel Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2006.00602.x","article-title":"Plasma levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein are associated with physical inactivity independent of obesity","volume":"17","author":"Fischer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6049","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.160333","article-title":"Immobilization induces anabolic resistance in human myofibrillar protein synthesis with low and high dose amino acid infusion","volume":"586","author":"Glover","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1792-1_12","article-title":"Exercise and peripheral arteriosclerosis","volume":"1228","author":"Gur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.08.003","article-title":"The society for Vascular Surgery Lower Extremity Threatened Limb Classification system: risk stratification based on wound, ischemia, and foot infection (WIfI)","volume":"59","author":"Mills","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2019.05.006","article-title":"Global Vascular Guidelines on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia","volume":"58","author":"Conte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.12.1044","article-title":"The United Kingdom transient Ischaemic attack (UK-TIA) aspirin trial: final results","volume":"54","author":"Farrell","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2009.00271.x","article-title":"Functional outcome measures in contemporary stroke trials","volume":"4","author":"Quinn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.6.828","article-title":"Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients","volume":"20","author":"Bamford","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3393","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.557256","article-title":"Reliability of the modified Rankin scale: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"Quinn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000258355.23810.c6","article-title":"Outcomes validity and reliability of the modified Rankin scale: implications for stroke clinical trials: a literature review and synthesis","volume":"38","author":"Banks","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.17712\/nsj.2016.4.20160212","article-title":"Assessment of demographic and clinical characteristics on functional status and disability of patients with stroke","volume":"21","author":"Memis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.2.180","article-title":"International prevalence, recognition, and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors in outpatients with atherothrombosis","volume":"295","author":"Bhatt","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2102","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.582627","article-title":"Associations between peripheral artery disease and ischemic stroke: implications for primary and secondary prevention","volume":"41","author":"Banerjee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0043","article-title":"Facilitating recovery: evidence for organized stroke care","volume":"39","author":"Kalra","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2013-0486","article-title":"Exercise and vascular function: how much is too much?","volume":"92","author":"Durand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib29","first-page":"540","article-title":"Endothelial function and physical exercise","volume":"111","author":"Pagan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198903000-00016","article-title":"Intermittent claudication--surgical reconstruction or physical training? A prospective randomized trial of treatment efficiency","volume":"209","author":"Lundgren","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1298\/ptr.E10056","article-title":"Effect of home-based exercise therapy for peripheral arterial disease patients underwent endovascular treatment: a clinical controlled design","volume":"24","author":"Otsuka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Ther Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2017.01.027","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of endovascular revascularization versus supervised exercise training in patients with intermittent claudication: Meta-Analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"10","author":"Pandey","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2011.02.017","article-title":"Additional supervised exercise therapy after a percutaneous vascular intervention for peripheral arterial disease: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"22","author":"Kruidenier","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2009.07.005","article-title":"Early outcomes from a randomized, controlled trial of supervised exercise, angioplasty, and combined therapy in intermittent claudication","volume":"24","author":"Mazari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"1 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028_bib35","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Management of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). TASC working group. TransAtlantic inter-society consensus (TASC)","volume":"31","author":"Dormandy","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"}],"container-title":["Annals of Vascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890509626000555?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0890509626000555?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T19:29:15Z","timestamp":1777577355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0890509626000555"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S0890509626000555"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-5096"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-5096","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Analysis of the Characteristics of Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients with Hemiplegia After Ischemic Stroke and Their Mid- and Long-Term Outcomes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Vascular Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avsg.2026.01.028","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}