{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:55:04Z","timestamp":1793148904411,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82104828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82104828"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81973661"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973661"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T09:20:31Z","timestamp":1760001631000},"page":"168069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Leptin\/PPAR\u03b3 interaction mediates obesity-driven Th17 differentiation in rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1872","author":[{"given":"Shuang","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanyan","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. R, L. T, Z. X, S. J, C. Y, X. R, Y. X, X. Q, Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: connections in epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatments, Front. Endocrinol., 14 (2023).","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1161521"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2009.00712.x","article-title":"The economic burden of obesity worldwide: a systematic review of the direct costs of obesity","volume":"12","author":"Withrow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0015","article-title":"Clinical assessment of people with obesity: focus on adiposity-related multimorbidity","volume":"S0025-6196","author":"Bianchettin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01525-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"402","author":"Di Matteo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.078832","article-title":"A high body mass index has a protective effect on the amount of joint destruction in small joints in early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"67","author":"van der Helm-van Mil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17091557","article-title":"Measures of adiposity and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in middle-aged UK women: a prospective cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23579","article-title":"Obesity, weight loss, and progression of disability in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"70","author":"Baker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key066","volume":"57","author":"Nikiphorou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000184","article-title":"Leptin applications in 2015: what have we learned about leptin and obesity?","volume":"22","author":"Farr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. H, Q. R, K. K, S. D, P. M, V.B. Dj, I. Ic, S. R, L. D, H. Jm, R. R, Leptin secreted from testicular microenvironment modulates hedgehog signaling to augment the endogenous function of Leydig cells, Cell Death Dis., 13 (2022).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-04658-3"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05641-2","article-title":"Elevated fatty acid \u03b2-oxidation by leptin contributes to the proinflammatory characteristics of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from RA patients via LKB1-AMPK pathway","volume":"14","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.209","article-title":"Leptin in the interplay of inflammation, metabolism and immune system disorders","volume":"13","author":"Abella","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-021-00569-6","article-title":"PPAR control of metabolism and cardiovascular functions","volume":"18","author":"Montaigne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-022-00644-3","article-title":"Cdo1 promotes PPAR\u03b3-mediated adipose tissue lipolysis in male mice","volume":"4","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0075","article-title":"PPAR\u03b3 acetylation orchestrates adipose plasticity and metabolic rhythms","volume":"10","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh. Baden-Wurtt. Ger.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.127042","article-title":"The global perspective on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b3 (PPAR\u03b3) in ectopic fat deposition: A review","volume":"253","author":"Qiu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. J, C. Kh, J. J, C. J, N. Hs, L. Js, L. Sy, M. Jk, S. A, P. Sh, K. Sj, C. Ml, Small heterodimer partner-interacting leucine zipper protein suppresses pain and cartilage destruction in an osteoarthritis model by modulating the AMPK\/STAT3 signaling pathway, Arthritis Res. Ther., 26 (2024).","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-024-03417-3"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4531","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.54803","article-title":"The role of GLS1-mediated glutaminolysis\/2-HG\/H3K4me3 and GSH\/ROS signals in Th17 responses counteracted by PPAR\u03b3 agonists","volume":"11","author":"Miao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.24660","article-title":"CHARMM-GUI 10 years for biomolecular modeling and simulation","volume":"38","author":"Jo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-023-00833-6","article-title":"Coix seed oil alleviates synovial angiogenesis through suppressing HIF-1\u03b1\/VEGF-A signaling pathways via SIRT1 in collagen-induced arthritis rats","volume":"18","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15483-7","article-title":"ASK1 inhibits browning of white adipose tissue in obesity","volume":"11","author":"Lucchini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"X. Y, L. S, W. Y, P. W, L. Q, Z. Y, L. Y, H. H, Fangji huangqi decoction alleviates rheumatoid arthritis through regulating HIF-1\u03b1 mediated the angiogenesis and the balance between autophagy and apoptosis, J. Ethnopharmacol., 329 (2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118061"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-020-00311-3","article-title":"Pien tze huang alleviate the joint inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis mice","volume":"15","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.622074","article-title":"Koumine suppresses IL-1\u03b2 secretion and attenuates inflammation associated with blocking ROS\/NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 axis in macrophages","volume":"11","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0125","series-title":"Computational Drug Discovery and Design","first-page":"101","article-title":"GRAMM web server for protein docking","author":"Singh","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s10822-010-9395-8","article-title":"Computer-aided drug design platform using PyMOL","volume":"25","author":"Lill","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Comput. Aided Mol. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0135","first-page":"71","article-title":"The potential mechanism of alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus against hyperuricemia: an integration of network pharmacology","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and In Vitro Experiments, Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L. Yj, A. M, S. S, Update on the pathomechanism, diagnosis, and treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis, Cells, 9 (2020).","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9040880"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.637829","article-title":"Role of the IL-23\/IL-17 Pathway in Rheumatic Diseases: An Overview","volume":"12","author":"Schinocca","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O. T, M. Kh, van de V. M, S. C, Rheumatoid cachexia: the underappreciated role of myoblast, macrophage and fibroblast interplay in the skeletal muscle niche, J. Biomed. Sci., 28 (2021).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-021-00714-w"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21768","article-title":"Obesity and reduction of the response rate to anti-tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 in rheumatoid arthritis: an approach to a personalized medicine","volume":"65","author":"Gremese","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. L, van den B. M, le C. S, S. B, R. N, H. Kh, K. Pj, H. Tw, L. Wf, A. Cf, Association of high body mass index with decreased treatment response to combination therapy in recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis patients, Arthritis Care Res., 65 (2013).","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. L, F. N, D. L, Obesity and its role in the management of rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, Clin. Rheumatol., 39 (2020).","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-04963-2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0170","unstructured":"P. S, C. Dl, G. Mm, C. Sd, K. Tj, Tissue-specific effects of leptin on glucose and lipid metabolism, Endocr. Rev., 42 (2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. V, S. M, C. J, P. J, G.-G. Ma, G.-R. Jj, M. A, L. F, G. R, G. O, Leptin in the interplay of inflammation, metabolism and immune system disorders, Nature Reviews. Rheumatology, 13 (2017).","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.209"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. \u00c9, M. F, B. D, D. G, The role of leptin in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis, Life Sci., 140 (2015).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2015.05.001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286470","article-title":"Effects of T cell leptin signaling on systemic glucose tolerance and T cell responses in obesity","volume":"18","author":"Kiernan","year":"2023","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. M, P. B, L. A, P. B, G. B, O. A, Leptin impairs myogenesis in C2C12 cells through JAK\/STAT and MEK signaling pathways, Cytokine, 61 (2013).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2012.11.002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. S, E. N, B. B, M. L, U. O, O. M, O. R, K. O, B. B, The effect of leptin and resveratrol on JAK\/STAT pathways and sirt-1 gene expression in the renal tissue of ischemia\/reperfusion induced rats, Bratisl. Lek. Listy, 118 (2017).","DOI":"10.4149\/BLL_2017_086"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgg.2021.01.008","article-title":"Leptin gene-targeted editing in ob\/ob mouse adipose tissue based on the CRISPR\/Cas9 system","volume":"48","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Genet. Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.4RU0619-197R","article-title":"Th17 cell pathogenicity and plasticity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"106","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1512328","article-title":"Time-restricted feeding alleviates arthritis symptoms augmented by high-fat diet","volume":"16","author":"B\u00far","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-4306-8_18","article-title":"Models of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2885","author":"Gr\u00f6tsch","year":"2025","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol. (Clifton N.J.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.11.004","article-title":"Fatty acids, eicosanoids and PPAR gamma","volume":"785","author":"Marion-Letellier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2020.102510","article-title":"The roles of PPAR\u03b3 and its agonists in autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive review","volume":"113","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565-022-09769-3","article-title":"Morin, the PPAR\u03b3 agonist, inhibits Th17 differentiation by limiting fatty acid synthesis in collagen-induced arthritis","volume":"39","author":"Miao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2024.103214","article-title":"PPARG-mediated autophagy activation alleviates inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"146","author":"Geng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5356","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9462-1","article-title":"Arctigenin suppress Th17 cells and ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through AMPK and PPAR-\u03b3\/ROR-\u03b3t signaling","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."}],"container-title":["Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S092544392500417X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S092544392500417X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T08:25:45Z","timestamp":1779524745000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S092544392500417X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S092544392500417X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069","relation":{},"ISSN":["0925-4439"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0925-4439","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Leptin\/PPAR\u03b3 interaction mediates obesity-driven Th17 differentiation in rheumatoid arthritis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.168069","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"168069"}}