{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T10:04:24Z","timestamp":1784801064225,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82403330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82403330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019033","name":"Key Research and Development Program of Liaoning Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023JH2\/101300060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JH2\/101300060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005047","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-BSBA-213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-BSBA-213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T09:34:15Z","timestamp":1758620055000},"page":"189454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Revolutionizing bladder cancer research: Harnessing 3D organoid technology to decode tumor heterogeneity and propel personalized therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1880","author":[{"given":"Helin","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2023.03.029","article-title":"Epidemiology of bladder cancer in 2023: A systematic review of risk factors","volume":"84","author":"Jubber","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00102","article-title":"Traditional classification and novel subtyping systems for bladder cancer","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28693","article-title":"Comprehensive analyses of DNA repair pathways, smoking and bladder cancer risk in Los Angeles and Shanghai","volume":"135","author":"Corral","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0020","first-page":"404","article-title":"Treatment of muscle-invasive and advanced bladder cancer in 2020","volume":"70","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3873","article-title":"Three-dimensional organotypic culture: experimental models of mammalian biology and disease","volume":"15","author":"Shamir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1247125","article-title":"Organogenesis in a dish: Modeling development and disease using organoid technologies","volume":"345","author":"Lancaster","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-022-00866-8","article-title":"Urological cancer organoids, patients\u2019 avatars for precision medicine: past, present and future","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2022.07.006","article-title":"Bladder cancer patient-derived organoids and avatars for personalized cancer discovery","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Urol. Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107668","article-title":"Tumor organoid models in precision medicine and investigating cancer-stromal interactions","volume":"218","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14727","article-title":"Current status of organoid culture in urological malignancy","volume":"29","author":"Tse","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1177\/24725552211024547","article-title":"Automation of organoid cultures: current protocols and applications","volume":"26","author":"Louey","year":"2021","journal-title":"SLAS Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4539","article-title":"\u836f\u7269\u53d1\u73b0\u524d\u6cbf\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u82af\u7247Organs-on-chips at the frontiers of drug discovery","volume":"14","author":"Esch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1089\/adt.2014.573","article-title":"Three-dimensional cell culture systems and their applications in drug discovery and cell-based biosensors","volume":"12","author":"Edmondson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Assay Drug Dev. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.03.030","article-title":"Impact of molecular subtypes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer on predicting response and survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy","volume":"72","author":"Seiler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.08.034","volume":"69","author":"McConkey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.03.017","article-title":"Tumor evolution and drug response in patient-derived organoid models of bladder cancer","volume":"173","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4567","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803595116","article-title":"Mouse and human urothelial cancer organoids: a tool for bladder cancer research","volume":"116","author":"Mullenders","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6211","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50474-y","article-title":"Orchestrating NK and T cells via tri-specific nano-antibodies for synergistic antitumor immunity","volume":"15","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-025-01071-8","article-title":"Organoid, organ-on-a-chip and traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12051304","article-title":"A simple three-dimensional in vitro culture mimicking the in vivo-like cell behavior of bladder patient-derived xenograft models","volume":"12","author":"Amaral","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-017-0570-9","article-title":"Modeling tumor cell adaptations to hypoxia in multicellular tumor spheroids","volume":"36","author":"Riffle","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-016-2035-1","article-title":"Three-dimensional perfused tumour spheroid model for anti-cancer drug screening","volume":"38","author":"Wan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103817","article-title":"Multiplexing spheroid volume, resazurin and acid phosphatase viability assays for high-throughput screening of tumour spheroids and stem cell Neurospheres","volume":"9","author":"Ivanov","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09851","article-title":"Hedgehog\/Wnt feedback supports regenerative proliferation of epithelial stem cells in bladder","volume":"472","author":"Shin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07935","article-title":"Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche","volume":"459","author":"Sato","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664-+","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-3034-x","article-title":"Creation of bladder assembloids mimicking tissue regeneration and cancer","volume":"588","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22330","article-title":"Assembly of functionally integrated human forebrain spheroids","volume":"545","author":"Birey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4238-4","article-title":"Development of primary human pancreatic cancer organoids, matched stromal and immune cells and 3D tumor microenvironment models","volume":"18","author":"Tsai","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-024-00706-6","article-title":"Cancer organoids 2.0: modelling the complexity of the tumour immune microenvironment","volume":"24","author":"Polak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-06349-x","article-title":"Reproducible extracellular matrices for tumor organoid culture: challenges and opportunities","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4609","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83662-7","article-title":"A bladder cancer patient-derived xenograft displays aggressive growth dynamics in vivo and in organoid culture","volume":"11","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6495","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1457","article-title":"Spatial proximity to fibroblasts impacts molecular features and therapeutic sensitivity of breast Cancer cells influencing clinical outcomes","volume":"76","author":"Marusyk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1177\/24725552211020668","article-title":"High-throughput imaging assay for drug screening of 3D prostate cancer organoids","volume":"26","author":"Choo","year":"2021","journal-title":"SLAS Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.930731","article-title":"Integrated molecular and pharmacological characterization of patient-derived xenografts from bladder and ureteral cancers identifies new potential therapies","volume":"12","author":"Lang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12172188","article-title":"A protocol for organoids from the urine of bladder cancer patients","volume":"12","author":"Walz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-023-02494-6","article-title":"Urine-derived bladder cancer organoids (urinoids) as a tool for cancer longitudinal response monitoring and therapy adaptation","volume":"130","author":"Viergever","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ab9491","article-title":"Use of inkjet-printed single cells to quantify intratumoral heterogeneity","volume":"12","author":"Yoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3382","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47737-z","article-title":"A patient-specific lung cancer assembloid model with heterogeneous tumor microenvironments","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0195","article-title":"Correction: A new AIE multi-block polyurethane copolymer material for subcellular microfilament imaging in living cells","volume":"53","author":"Niu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1039\/C9BM01911A","article-title":"Urethral reconstruction using an amphiphilic tissue-engineered autologous polyurethane nanofiber scaffold with rapid vascularization function","volume":"8","author":"Niu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12277","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12543-9","article-title":"Microchamber cultures of bladder cancer: a platform for characterizing drug responsiveness and resistance in PDX and primary cancer cells","volume":"7","author":"Gheibi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.10.034","article-title":"A chemosensitivity test for superficial bladder cancer based on three-dimensional culture of tumour spheroids","volume":"51","author":"Pablo Burgues","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3669","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.15051","article-title":"Antitumor effect of WEE1 blockade as monotherapy or in combination with cisplatin in urothelial cancer","volume":"112","author":"Murakami","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cancerbio-061421-040659","article-title":"Engineering the immune microenvironment into organoid models","volume":"7","author":"Luckett","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.1248","article-title":"Patient-derived organoids of bladder cancer recapitulate antigen expression profiles and serve as a personal evaluation model for CAR-T cells in vitro","volume":"10","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0230","article-title":"Development and characterization of bladder Cancer patient-derived xenografts for molecularly guided targeted therapy","volume":"10","author":"Pan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.12.106","article-title":"Involvement of Heregulin\/HER3 in the primary culture of human urothelial Cancer","volume":"190","author":"Okuyama","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2015.07.004","article-title":"Dynamic change in p63 protein expression during implantation of urothelial Cancer clusters","volume":"17","author":"Yoshida","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32505","article-title":"ALDH1A1 in patient-derived bladder cancer spheroids activates retinoic acid signaling leading to TUBB3 overexpression and tumor progression","volume":"146","author":"Namekawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0250","article-title":"Patient-derived upper tract urothelial carcinoma organoids as a platform for drug screening","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28966","article-title":"Cisplatin and gemcitabine as the first line therapy in metastatic triple negative breast cancer: cisplatin and gemcitabine as first line therapy in mTNBC","volume":"136","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2011.12.016","article-title":"Synergistic interaction between cisplatin and gemcitabine in neuroblastoma cell lines and multicellular tumor spheroids","volume":"319","author":"Besan\u00e7on","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-016-0376-1","article-title":"A phase I trial of cabozantinib and gemcitabine in advanced pancreatic cancer","volume":"34","author":"Zhen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Investig. New Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"0735","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0735","article-title":"A multifunctional Fe-EGCG@RSL3 nanomedicine synergizes ferroptosis induction and tumor microenvironment remodeling for enhanced bladder Cancer immunotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05938-2","article-title":"UBE2S interacting with TRIM21 mediates the K11-linked ubiquitination of LPP to promote the lymphatic metastasis of bladder cancer","volume":"14","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0280","first-page":"1","article-title":"Assay establishment and validation of a high-throughput organoid-based drug screening platform","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6232","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076232","article-title":"3D tumor models in urology","volume":"24","author":"Neuhaus","year":"2023","journal-title":"IJMS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0290","article-title":"Engineering CRISPR system-based bacterial outer membrane vesicle potentiates T cell immunity for enhanced cancer immunotherapy","volume":"2501565","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadi0258","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adi0258","article-title":"A T cell receptor \u03b2 chain\u2013directed antibody fusion molecule activates and expands subsets of T cells to promote antitumor activity","volume":"15","author":"Hsu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7983","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-63377-3","article-title":"Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment with c-MYC-based gene circuit platform to enhance specific cancer immunotherapy","volume":"16","author":"Zhan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29081896","article-title":"Predictive and prognostic biomarkers and tumor antigens for targeted therapy in urothelial carcinoma","volume":"29","author":"Eturi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2021.11.010","article-title":"Emerging strategies for the improvement of chemotherapy in bladder cancer: current knowledge and future perspectives","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2236","article-title":"The third dimension bridges the gap between cell culture and live tissue","volume":"8","author":"Pampaloni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0320","first-page":"631","article-title":"Advancements in organoid culture technologies: Current trends and innovations, stem cells","volume":"33","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"and development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.10.001","article-title":"International variations in bladder cancer incidence and mortality","volume":"66","author":"Chavan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.985692","article-title":"Application of medical imaging methods and artificial intelligence in tissue engineering and organ-on-a-chip","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2025.05.011","article-title":"An organoid co-culture model for probing systemic anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"}],"container-title":["Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304419X25001969?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304419X25001969?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T04:19:58Z","timestamp":1781065198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304419X25001969"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0304419X25001969"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-419X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-419X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Revolutionizing bladder cancer research: Harnessing 3D organoid technology to decode tumor heterogeneity and propel personalized therapeutics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189454","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"189454"}}