{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:26:39Z","timestamp":1760235999109,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,26]],"date-time":"2006-07-26T09:19:47Z","timestamp":1153905587000},"page":"195-201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Morphine modulates \u03b3\u03b4 lymphocytes cytolytic activity following BCG vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Olin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keumhwa","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinhee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillip K.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Molitor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib1","first-page":"148","article-title":"Prevalence of sexual and drug-related HIV risk behaviors in the US adult population: results of the 1996 national household survey on drug abuse","volume":"21","author":"Anderson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune. Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260713","article-title":"Neonatal and early life immune response to various forms of vaccine antigens differ from adult immune responses: predominance of a Th2-biased pattern which persists after adult boosting","volume":"26","author":"Barrios","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib3","first-page":"52","article-title":"\u03b3\u03b4 and CD4 \u03b1\u03b2 human T cell subset responses upon stimulation with various Mycobacterium tuberculosis soluble extracts","volume":"112","author":"Batoni","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050489","article-title":"Cell-mediated immunity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in swine","volume":"144","author":"Bautista","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(90)90096-A","article-title":"Morphine inhibition of lymphocyte activity is mediated by an opioid dependent mechanism","volume":"29","author":"Bayer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/10.6.1142","article-title":"Role of the mononuclear phagocyte system in the immunopathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Bender","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(94)90899-0","article-title":"Effects of morphine tolerance and abstinence on cellular immune function","volume":"642","author":"Bhargava","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1086\/514155","article-title":"Infection of swine with Mycobacterium bovis as a model of human tuberculosis","volume":"176","author":"Bolin","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1974.00320240035003","article-title":"Immunologic dysfunction in heroin addicts","volume":"134","author":"Brown","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3253","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-128-6-3253","article-title":"Role of adrenal cortical activation in the immunosuppressive effects of chronic morphine treatment","volume":"128","author":"Bryant","year":"1991","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)10181-X","article-title":"Cytokine reversal of morphine-induced suppression of the antibody response","volume":"264","author":"Bussierre","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.86.5.642","article-title":"The estimated prevalence and incidence of HIV in 96 large US metropolitan areas","volume":"86","author":"Camacho","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199806000-00019","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis after resolution of miliary tuberculosis","volume":"17","author":"Chang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510330076038","article-title":"Efficacy of BCG vaccine in the prevention of tuberculosis: meta-analysis of the published literature","volume":"271","author":"Colditz","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.96.1.29","article-title":"The efficacy of Bacillus-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin vaccination of newborns and infants in the prevention of tuberculosis: meta-analyses of the published literature","volume":"96","author":"Colditz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib16","first-page":"8","article-title":"Epidemiology of tuberculosis","volume":"125","author":"Comstock","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respir. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(94)90367-0","article-title":"Assessment of a positive selection technique using an avidin column to isolate human peripheral blood T cell subsets","volume":"175","author":"Davis","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(86)90109-1","article-title":"Coordinate and independent effects of heroin, cocaine, and alcohol abuse on T-cell E-rosette formation and antigenic marker expression","volume":"41","author":"Donahoe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib19","first-page":"145","article-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation by opiates and other drugs of abuse: relationship to HIV infection and AIDS","volume":"44","author":"Donahoe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Adv. Biochem. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(97)00219-1","article-title":"Opioid modulation of immune responses: effects on phagocyte and lymphoid cell populations","volume":"83","author":"Eisenstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)24417-2","article-title":"Mechanisms whereby macrophage-derived nitric oxide is involved in morphine-induced suppression of splenic lymphocyte proliferation","volume":"2","author":"Fecho","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.1.11","article-title":"Bacille-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin vaccines: a rough guide","volume":"20","author":"Fine","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(01)00507-5","article-title":"An improved flow cytometric assay for the determination of cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity","volume":"259","author":"Fischer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)24553-0","article-title":"Mechanisms of morphine-induced immunosuppression: effect of acute morphine administration on lymphocyte trafficking","volume":"3","author":"Flores","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.19.1.93","article-title":"Immunology of tuberculosis","volume":"19","author":"Flynn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0407-4_29","article-title":"Drugs of abuse as possible co-factors in AIDS progression: summary of panel discussion","volume":"402","author":"Friedman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1089\/107999099313767","article-title":"Inhibition of interleukin-2 production and downregulation of IL-2 and transferrin receptors on rat splenic lymphocytes following PAG morphine administration: a role in natural killer and T cell suppression","volume":"6","author":"Gomez-Flores","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Interferon. Cytokine Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-4310(98)01254-4","article-title":"Do endogenous cannabinoids contribute to HIV-mediated immune failure?","volume":"4","author":"Gurwitz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.2.635","article-title":"Activation of human dendritic cells following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"159","author":"Henderson","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.2.479","article-title":"Dendritic cell progenitors phagocytose particulates, including Bacillus-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin organisms, and sensitize mice to mycobacterial antigens in vivo","volume":"178","author":"Inaba","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.1.270","article-title":"Human cytolytic and interferon gamma-secreting CD8+ T lymphocytes specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"95","author":"Lalvani","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.3.1504-1511.2004","article-title":"\u03b3\u03b4 T Cells in immunity induced by Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin vaccination","volume":"72","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(01)00336-2","article-title":"Development of a novel flow cytometric cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay using the fluorophores PKH-26 and TO-PRO-3 iodide","volume":"252","author":"Lee-MacAry","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4222","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.9.4222","article-title":"Disease-specific changes in \u03b3\u03b4 T cell repertoire and function in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"157","author":"Li","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4981","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.10.4981-4988.1998","article-title":"An ex vivo study of T lymphocytes recovered from the lungs of I\/St mice infected with and susceptible to Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"66","author":"Lyadova","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-2980-4_29","article-title":"Perinatal AIDS: drugs of abuse and transplacental infection","volume":"335","author":"Lyman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(00)00231-3","article-title":"Analyzing cell division in vivo and in vitro using flow cytometric measurement of CFSE dye dilution","volume":"243","author":"Lyons","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1086\/315403","article-title":"Morphine increases susceptibility to oral Salmonella typhimurium infection","volume":"181","author":"MacFarlane","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M002650200","article-title":"Lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium tuberculosis promotes macrophage survival by phosphorylating bad through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/Akt pathway","volume":"276","author":"Maiti","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(00)00181-2","article-title":"Opioids, opioid receptors, and the immune response","volume":"62","author":"McCarthy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.125.6.2539","article-title":"Alteration of lymphocyte-T and null lymphocyte frequencies in the peripheral-blood of human opiate addicts\u2014in vivo evidence for opiate receptor-sites on T-lymphocytes","volume":"125","author":"McDonough","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.4.2249","article-title":"Newborns develop a Th1-Type immune response to Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin vaccination","volume":"163","author":"Marchant","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90288-8","article-title":"Volatile nitrites. Use and adverse effects related to the current epidemic of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome","volume":"78","author":"Newell","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199305000-00015","article-title":"The effect of cigarette smoking on the development of AIDS in HIV-1-seropositive individuals","volume":"7","author":"Nieman","year":"1993","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib45","first-page":"421","article-title":"Invitro studies of the effect of methadone on natural-killer-cell activity","volume":"26","author":"Ochshorn","year":"1990","journal-title":"Israel J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2004.10.002","article-title":"\u03b3\u03b4 T-lymphocytes cytolytic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis analyzed by flow cytometry","volume":"297","author":"Olin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(93)90029-R","article-title":"Immunity to mycobacteria","volume":"5","author":"Orme","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.2.575","article-title":"A lectin-binding, protease-resistant mycobacterial ligand specifically activates V\u03b39+ human \u03b3\u03b4 T cells","volume":"148","author":"Pfeffer","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.6.1281","article-title":"Effects of morphine on the pathogenesis of swine herpesvirus infection","volume":"167","author":"Risdahl","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2001.116033","article-title":"Morphine directs T cells toward Th2 differentiation","volume":"130","author":"Roy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(98)00265-3","article-title":"Morphine synergizes with lipopolysaccharide in a chronic endotoxemia model","volume":"1999","author":"Roy","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90170-8","article-title":"The nature of a major histocompatibility complex recognition by \u03b3\u03b4 T cells","volume":"76","author":"Schild","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830240826","article-title":"Phosphate is essential for stimulation of V9\/V2 T lymphocytes by mycobacterial low molecular weight ligand","volume":"24","author":"School","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3980","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.8.3980-3988.1999","article-title":"Early emergence of CD8+ T cells primed for production of Type 1 cytokines in the lungs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected mice","volume":"67","author":"Serbina","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7114","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.18.7114","article-title":"Involvement of brain opiate receptors in the immune-suppressive effect of morphine","volume":"83","author":"Shavit","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.4.1886","article-title":"Morphine enhances macrophage apoptosis","volume":"160","author":"Singhal","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.6.937","article-title":"Self-recognition of CD1 by \u03b3\u03b4 T cells: Implications for innate immunity","volume":"191","author":"Spada","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)39466-8","article-title":"Suppression of peritoneal macrophage phagocytes of Candida albicans by opioids","volume":"267","author":"Szabo","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1086\/378676","article-title":"Virological and immunological impact of tuberculosis on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 disease","volume":"188","author":"Toossi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib60","first-page":"459","article-title":"Toll-like receptor-2 mediates mycobacteria-induced proinflammatory signaling in macrophages","volume":"96","author":"Underhill","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200105)31:5<1531::AID-IMMU1531>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Neonatal Bacillus-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin vaccination induces adult-like IFN- production by CD4+ T lymphocytes","volume":"31","author":"Vekemans","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2749256","article-title":"The periaqueductal gray matter mediates opiate-induced immunosuppression","volume":"245","author":"Weber","year":"1989","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03020942","article-title":"Intrathecal morphine suppresses NK cell activity following abdominal surgery","volume":"47","author":"Yokota","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can. J. Anesth."}],"container-title":["Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889159106002522?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889159106002522?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:17:36Z","timestamp":1760167056000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889159106002522"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889159106002522"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-1591"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0889-1591"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Morphine modulates \u03b3\u03b4 lymphocytes cytolytic activity following BCG vaccination","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain, Behavior, and Immunity","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.06.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}