{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T11:10:06Z","timestamp":1792062606292,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,31]],"date-time":"2008-07-31T09:28:41Z","timestamp":1217496521000},"page":"64-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":140,"title":["Detection of autoantibodies to neural cells of the cerebellum in the plasma of subjects with autism spectrum disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Sharifia","family":"Wills","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maricel","family":"Cabanlit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeff","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Ashwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judy","family":"Van de Water","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/271067a0","article-title":"Antibody to nuclear ribonucleoprotein penetrates live human mononuclear cells through Fc receptors","volume":"271","author":"Alarcon-Segovia","year":"1978","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2007.12.005","article-title":"Neuroanatomy of autism","volume":"31","author":"Amaral","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1205707","article-title":"The immune response in autism: a new frontier for autism research","volume":"80","author":"Ashwood","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib4","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"Association","year":"1994"},{"issue":"Pt. 5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.5.889","article-title":"A clinicopathological study of autism","volume":"121","author":"Bailey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2003.06.001","article-title":"Brain anatomy and development in autism: review of structural MRI studies","volume":"61","author":"Brambilla","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1381.010","article-title":"Brain-specific autoantibodies in the plasma of subjects with autistic spectrum disorder","volume":"1107","author":"Cabanlit","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. NY Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(99)00190-3","article-title":"Autoimmune maintenance and neuroprotection of the central nervous system","volume":"100","author":"Cohen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70248-9","article-title":"Serum autoantibodies to brain in Landau\u2013Kleffner variant, autism, and other neurologic disorders","volume":"134","author":"Connolly","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291702006037","article-title":"Increased serum albumin, gamma globulin, immunoglobulin IgG, and IgG2 and IgG4 in autism","volume":"32","author":"Croonenberghs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(00)24009-0","article-title":"The function of cerebellar Golgi cells revisited","volume":"124","author":"De Schutter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02179373","article-title":"The pre-linguistic autism diagnostic observation schedule","volume":"25","author":"DiLavore","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Autism Dev. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/135245850100700503","article-title":"Anti-MOG and anti-MBP antibody subclasses in multiple sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Egg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001171","article-title":"Heat shock protein 90 antibodies in autism","volume":"7","author":"Evers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(84)90940-5","article-title":"An anterograde neuroanatomical tracing method that shows the detailed morphology of neurons, their axons and terminals: immunohistochemical localization of an axonally transported plant lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L)","volume":"290","author":"Gerfen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.1101","article-title":"Basic principles of immunological surveillance of the normal central nervous system","volume":"36","author":"Hickey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb07583.x","article-title":"Roles of inhibitory interneurons in the cerebellar cortex","volume":"978","author":"Hirano","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. NY Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510055103","article-title":"Immunity and behavior: antibodies alter emotion","volume":"103","author":"Huerta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1711.2005.01305.x","article-title":"Immune dysregulation and self-reactivity in schizophrenia: do some cases of schizophrenia have an autoimmune basis?","volume":"83","author":"Jones","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00092","article-title":"Cognitive profiles and social-communicative functioning in children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"43","author":"Joseph","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199807000-00001","article-title":"Neuropathology of infantile autism","volume":"57","author":"Kemper","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-199412000-00005","article-title":"Antineuronal antibodies: tics and obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms","volume":"15","author":"Kiessling","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.07.011","article-title":"Cognition and immunity; antibody impairs memory","volume":"21","author":"Kowal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8628(20010108)105:1<36::AID-AJMG1053>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Quantifying the phenotype in autism spectrum disorders","volume":"105","author":"Lord","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025873925661","article-title":"Diagnosing autism: analyses of data from the autism diagnostic interview","volume":"27","author":"Lord","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Autism Dev. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NEAB.0000028297.30474.f9","article-title":"Morphological characteristics of Lugaro cells in the cerebellar cortex","volume":"34","author":"Melik-Musyan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosci. Behav. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib28","unstructured":"MMWR, 2007. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders\u2014autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 14 sites, United States, 2002. MMWR Surveill. Summ. 56, 12\u201328."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2005.11.007","article-title":"Elevated cytokine levels in children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"172","author":"Molloy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib30","first-page":"1123","article-title":"Autoimmune model of schizophrenia with special reference to antibrain antibodies","volume":"16","author":"Pandey","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19980831)398:3<431::AID-CNE9>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Organization of the intrinsic connections of the monkey amygdaloid complex: projections originating in the lateral nucleus","volume":"398","author":"Pitkanen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1159\/000119056","article-title":"Lymphocyte function in autism and Rett syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Plioplys","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1177\/34.10.3745909","article-title":"A cryoprotection method that facilitates cutting frozen sections of whole monkey brains for histological and histochemical processing without freezing artifact","volume":"34","author":"Rosene","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1006\/brbi.2001.0648","article-title":"Review of immunological and immunopathological findings in schizophrenia","volume":"15","author":"Rothermundt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(00)01633-9","article-title":"Autoimmunity can benefit self-maintenance","volume":"21","author":"Schwartz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2004.03.015","article-title":"Autoantibody repertoires to brain tissue in autism nuclear families","volume":"152","author":"Silva","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2006.05.025","article-title":"Antibrain antibodies in children with autism and their unaffected siblings","volume":"178","author":"Singer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1998.4588","article-title":"Serological association of measles virus and human herpesvirus-6 with brain autoantibodies in autism","volume":"89","author":"Singh","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(96)00522-7","article-title":"Hyperserotoninemia and serotonin receptor antibodies in children with autism but not mental retardation","volume":"41","author":"Singh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(97)00045-3","article-title":"Circulating autoantibodies to neuronal and glial filament proteins in autism","volume":"17","author":"Singh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1006\/brbi.1993.1010","article-title":"Antibodies to myelin basic protein in children with autistic behavior","volume":"7","author":"Singh","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001542","article-title":"PANDAS: current status and directions for research","volume":"9","author":"Snider","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00908.x","article-title":"Abnormal psychosocial situations and ICD-10 diagnoses in children and adolescents attending a psychiatric service","volume":"33","author":"Steinhausen","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01531114","article-title":"Depressed lymphocyte responsiveness in autistic children","volume":"7","author":"Stubbs","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Autism Child Schizophr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.9.1691","article-title":"High blood monocyte counts and neopterin levels in children with autistic disorder","volume":"160","author":"Sweeten","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(88)90012-1","article-title":"Antibrain antibodies in infantile autism","volume":"23","author":"Todd","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib47","first-page":"746","article-title":"Plasma concentration of immunoglobulin classes and subclasses in children with autism in the Republic of Macedonia: retrospective study","volume":"45","author":"Trajkovski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Croat. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(02)00180-7","article-title":"Antibodies to neuron-specific antigens in children with autism: possible cross-reaction with encephalitogenic proteins from milk, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Streptococcus group A","volume":"129","author":"Vojdani","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198705000-00008","article-title":"Reduced natural killer cell activity in autism","volume":"26","author":"Warren","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3109\/08820139009041839","article-title":"Deficiency of suppressor-inducer (CD4+CD45RA+) T cells in autism","volume":"19","author":"Warren","year":"1990","journal-title":"Immunol. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1207\/S15326942DN1902_2","article-title":"Mechanisms of postnatal neurobiological development: implications for human development","volume":"19","author":"Webb","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev. Neuropsychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119517","article-title":"Receptor-mediated cellular entry of nuclear localizing anti-DNA antibodies via myosin 1","volume":"100","author":"Yanase","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib53","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antineural antibody in patients with Tourette\u2019s syndrome and their family members","author":"Yeh","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-006-0176-3","article-title":"Decreased GAD67 mRNA levels in cerebellar Purkinje cells in autism: pathophysiological implications","volume":"113","author":"Yip","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(90)90205-5","article-title":"CD4+ helper T cell depression in autism","volume":"25","author":"Yonk","year":"1990","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.08.005","article-title":"Maternal antibrain antibodies in autism","volume":"21","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."}],"container-title":["Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889159108003097?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889159108003097?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:20:21Z","timestamp":1760167221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889159108003097"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889159108003097"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-1591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-1591","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Detection of autoantibodies to neural cells of the cerebellum in the plasma of subjects with autism spectrum disorders","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain, Behavior, and Immunity","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}