{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:21:36Z","timestamp":1790713296302,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PO1 HL040962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PO1 HL040962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 HL065137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 HL065137"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]],"date-time":"2018-06-18T19:09:32Z","timestamp":1529348972000},"page":"493-503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Associations of immunometabolic risk factors with symptoms of depression and anxiety: The role of cardiac vagal activity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Mandy X.","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda W.J.H.","family":"Penninx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eco J.C.","family":"de Geus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Femke","family":"Lamers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora C.-H.","family":"Kuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aidan G.C.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna L.","family":"Marsland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew F.","family":"Muldoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Manuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Gianaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2006.08.005","article-title":"The many metrics of cardiac chronotropy: a pragmatic primer and a brief comparison of metrics","volume":"74","author":"Allen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2005.03.044","article-title":"Lower heart rate variability is associated with higher serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration in healthy individuals aged 46 years or more","volume":"107","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.02.006","article-title":"Inflammatory biomarkers predict depressive, but not anxiety symptoms during aging: the prospective Sydney Memory and Aging Study","volume":"37","author":"Baune","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713003243","article-title":"The global burden of anxiety disorders in 2010","volume":"44","author":"Baxter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"Beck depression inventory (BDI)","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(88)90050-5","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Beck","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02140.x","article-title":"Heart rate variability: origins, methods, and interpretive caveats","volume":"34","author":"Berntson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2005.00277.x","article-title":"Filter properties of root mean square successive difference (RMSSD) for heart rate","volume":"42","author":"Berntson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e560","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000148983.88334.80","article-title":"CDC\/AHA Workshop on Markers of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: application to Clinical and Public Health Practice: clinical use of inflammatory markers in patients with cardiovascular diseases: a background paper","volume":"110","author":"Biasucci","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(98)00023-0","article-title":"The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Trait version: structure and content re-examined","volume":"36","author":"Bieling","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31816baefa","article-title":"Trait negative affect: toward an integrated model of understanding psychological risk for impairment in cardiac autonomic function","volume":"70","author":"Bleil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000038364.26310.BD","article-title":"Adrenocortical, autonomic, and inflammatory causes of the metabolic syndrome nested case-control study","volume":"106","author":"Brunner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2013.11.002","article-title":"Depression but not anxiety is associated with metabolic syndrome in primary care based community sample","volume":"40","author":"Butnoriene","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.13.1486","article-title":"Low heart rate variability and the effect of depression on post-myocardial infarction mortality","volume":"165","author":"Carney","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000162254.61556.d5","article-title":"Depression, the autonomic nervous system, and coronary heart disease","volume":"67","author":"Carney","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2006.12.004","article-title":"Heart rate variability and markers of inflammation and coagulation in depressed patients with coronary heart disease","volume":"62","author":"Carney","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.02.020","article-title":"Generalised anxiety disorder is associated with metabolic syndrome in the vietnam experience","volume":"66","author":"Carroll","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00080","article-title":"Anxiety disorders are associated with reduced heart rate variability: a meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Chalmers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5215.2011.00647.x","article-title":"Major depression is associated with cardiac autonomic dysregulation","volume":"24","author":"Chang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2013.10.4.326","article-title":"Generalized anxiety disorder, comorbid major depression and heart rate variability: a case-control study in Taiwan","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatry Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-012-0233-x","article-title":"PhysioScripts: an extensible, open source platform for the processing of physiological data","volume":"45","author":"Christie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.12.017","article-title":"Heart rate variability predicts levels of inflammatory markers: evidence for the vagal anti-inflammatory pathway","volume":"49","author":"Cooper","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.12.017","article-title":"Heart rate variability predicts levels of inflammatory markers: evidence for the vagal anti-inflammatory pathway","volume":"49","author":"Cooper","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.11.035","article-title":"Relation of inflammation to depression and incident coronary heart disease (from the Canadian Nova Scotia Health Survey [NSHS95] Prospective Population Study)","volume":"103","author":"Davidson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000177547.28961.03","article-title":"Effects of paroxetine and venlafaxine XR on heart rate variability in depression","volume":"25","author":"Davidson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2009.11.025","article-title":"Psychophysiological biomarkers explaining the association between depression and prognosis in coronary artery patients: a critical review of the literature","volume":"35","author":"de Jonge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1080\/08870448808400349","article-title":"Measuring depressive symptoms in illness populations: psychometric properties of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale","volume":"2","author":"Devins","year":"1988","journal-title":"Psychol. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0175","article-title":"Depression: an important comorbidity with metabolic syndrome in a general population","volume":"31","author":"Dunbar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66378-7","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome","volume":"365","author":"Eckel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.1043","article-title":"Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use","volume":"93","author":"Electrophysiology","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0155","series-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis 1 Disorder \u2013 Patient Edition","author":"First","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.10.019","article-title":"The 52 symptoms of major depression: Lack of content overlap among seven common depression scales","volume":"208","author":"Fried","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3563389","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00356","article-title":"Heart rate and respiratory rate influence on heart rate variability repeatability: effects of the correction for the prevailing heart rate","volume":"7","author":"G\u0105sior","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.06.001","article-title":"Cumulative meta-analysis of interleukins 6 and 1\u03b2, tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 and C-reactive protein in patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"49","author":"Haapakoski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.08.007","article-title":"The relationship between heart rate variability and inflammatory markers in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"33","author":"Haensel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H620","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1981.241.4.H620","article-title":"Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in humans: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate","volume":"241","author":"Hirsch","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2634","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000041502.43564.79","article-title":"Stress and the metabolic syndrome an interesting but enigmatic association","volume":"106","author":"Hjemdahl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20564","article-title":"Broad spectrum of cytokine abnormalities in panic disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"26","author":"Hoge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0195","first-page":"53","article-title":"Structural equation modelling: guidelines for determining model fit recommended citation: structural equation modelling: guidelines for determining model fit","volume":"6","author":"Hooper","year":"2008","journal-title":"Electron. J. Bus. Res. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.05.018","article-title":"Basal autonomic activity, stress reactivity, and increases in metabolic syndrome components over time","volume":"71","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2017.07.005","article-title":"Temporal stability and drivers of change in cardiac autonomic nervous system activity","volume":"208","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Auton. Neurosci. Basic Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000589","article-title":"Bidirectional prospective associations between cardiac autonomic activity and inflammatory markers","volume":"80","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1097\/HJR.0b013e32829c7d0c","article-title":"Autonomic dysfunction: a link between depression and cardiovascular mortality? The FINE Study","volume":"14","author":"Kamphuis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30777","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030777","article-title":"Depression, comorbid anxiety disorders, and heart rate variability in physically healthy, unmedicated patients: implications for cardiovascular risk","volume":"7","author":"Kemp","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-006-0207-8","article-title":"Body fat and blood lipids in postmenopausal women are related to resting autonomic nervous system activity","volume":"97","author":"Kimura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.47.867","article-title":"Association of decreased variation of R-R interval and elevated serum C-reactive protein level in a general population in Japan","volume":"47","author":"Kon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2009.02686.x","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and short-term heart rate variability in young adults","volume":"26","author":"Koskinen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2009.08.007","article-title":"Stress hormones: physiological stress and regulation of metabolism","volume":"9","author":"Kyrou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2008.07.009","article-title":"Decreased heart rate variability is associated with higher levels of inflammation in middle-aged men","volume":"156","author":"Lampert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0255","first-page":"3","article-title":"The increasing burden of depression","volume":"7","author":"L\u00e9pine","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.12.2116","article-title":"Multiple metabolic syndrome is associated with lower heart rate variability: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study","volume":"21","author":"Liao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.65.12.1358","article-title":"Association between major depressive disorder and heart rate variability in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA)","volume":"65","author":"Licht","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.06.032","article-title":"Longitudinal evidence for unfavorable effects of antidepressants on heart rate variability","volume":"68","author":"Licht","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2801","article-title":"Increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity rather than changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity is associated with metabolic abnormalities","volume":"95","author":"Licht","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2484","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3104","article-title":"Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system predicts the development of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"98","author":"Licht","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000165","article-title":"The association between depressive disorder and cardiac autonomic control in adults 60 years and older","volume":"77","author":"Licht","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68770-9","article-title":"Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data","volume":"367","author":"Lopez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31820a59c0","article-title":"Symptom dimensions of depression and anxiety and the metabolic syndrome","volume":"73","author":"Luppino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181c484dc","article-title":"Subjective socioeconomic status and presence of the metabolic syndrome in midlife community volunteers","volume":"72","author":"Manuck","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181576118","article-title":"Stimulated production of proinflammatory cytokines covaries inversely with heart rate variability","volume":"69","author":"Marsland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2010.05.015","article-title":"Systemic inflammation and the metabolic syndrome among middle-aged community volunteers","volume":"59","author":"Marsland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-5380-2-4","article-title":"Current understanding of the bi-directional relationship of major depression with inflammation","volume":"2","author":"Messay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2008.01045.x","article-title":"The impact of the components of metabolic syndrome on heart rate variability: using the NCEP-ATP III and IDF definitions","volume":"31","author":"Min","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.7.580","article-title":"The relationship of depression to cardiovascular disease","volume":"55","author":"Musselman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0330","series-title":"Mplus (Version 3.11)","author":"Muthen","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715002779","article-title":"Antidepressants and heart-rate variability in older adults: a population-based study","volume":"46","author":"Noordam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.03.003","article-title":"Clinical anxiety, cortisol and interleukin-6: evidence for specificity in emotion-biology relationships","volume":"24","author":"O\u2019Donovan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199301000-00010","article-title":"Measurement of physical activity to assess health effects in free-living populations","volume":"25","author":"Paffenbarger","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-2055","article-title":"Bidirectional association between depression and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies","volume":"35","author":"Pan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-129","article-title":"Understanding the somatic consequences of depression: biological mechanisms and the role of depression symptom profile","volume":"11","author":"Penninx","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2005.06.001","article-title":"Anxiety in relation to inflammation and coagulation markers, among healthy adults: the ATTICA study","volume":"185","author":"Pitsavos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-014-0504-2","article-title":"The sympathetic nervous response in inflammation","volume":"16","author":"Pongratz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","article-title":"The CES-D scale","volume":"1","author":"Radloff","year":"1977","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol. Meas."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1857","article-title":"Depressive symptoms and stressful life events predict metabolic syndrome among middle-aged women a comparison of world health organization, adult treatment panel III, and international diabetes foundation definitions","volume":"30","author":"R\u00e4ikk\u00f6nen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2005.11.006","article-title":"Cytokines sing the blues: inflammation and the pathogenesis of depression","volume":"27","author":"Raison","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(02)00439-7","article-title":"Depression as a predictor for coronary heart disease: a review and meta-analysis1","volume":"23","author":"Regulies","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12027","article-title":"The utility of low frequency heart rate variability as an index of sympathetic cardiac tone: a review with emphasis on a reanalysis of previous studies","author":"Reyes del Paso","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.03.034","article-title":"Anxiety and risk of incident coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Roest","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0400","first-page":"440","article-title":"Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of adipose tissue: metabolic implications","volume":"8","author":"Romijn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/380902","article-title":"Psychological status and quality of life in relation to the metabolic syndrome: isfahan cohort study","volume":"2012","author":"Roohafza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83297-X","article-title":"The validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) according to the SCID-P and its reliability","volume":"12","author":"Sheehan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.01.012","article-title":"Associations between anxiety, depression, and the metabolic syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Skilton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.2119\/2006-00112.Sloan","article-title":"RR interval variability is inversely related to inflammatory markers: the CARDIA study","volume":"13","author":"Sloan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0425","series-title":"State-Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI (Form Y) Manual","author":"Spielberger","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0430","series-title":"Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory","author":"Spielberger","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02163.x","article-title":"The relationship of heart rate and heart rate variability to non-diabetic fasting glucose levels and the metabolic syndrome: the Cardiovascular Health Study","volume":"24","author":"Stein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01564.x","article-title":"Higher levels of inflammation factors and greater insulin resistance are independently associated with higher heart rate and lower heart rate variability in normoglycemic older individuals: the Cardiovascular Health Study","volume":"56","author":"Stein","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-008-8022-5","article-title":"Perturbed autonomic nervous system function in metabolic syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Tentolouris","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuromol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.76.s2.05","article-title":"Vagal tone and the inflammatory reflex","volume":"76","author":"Thayer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cleve. Clin. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01321","article-title":"The inflammatory reflex","volume":"420","author":"Tracey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2011.02.006","article-title":"Differential actions of antidepressant treatments on cardiac autonomic alterations in depression: a prospective comparison","volume":"4","author":"Udupa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815c1b85","article-title":"Depression, the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk","volume":"70","author":"Vaccarino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08053","article-title":"Parsimonious correction of heart rate variability for its dependency on heart rate","volume":"68","author":"van Roon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.02.112","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in persons with depressive and anxiety disorders","volume":"125","author":"Vogelzangs","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0138302","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138302","article-title":"Cardiac autonomic nervous system activation and metabolic profile in young children: the ABCD study","volume":"10","author":"Vrijkotte","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199807000-00018","article-title":"Anxiety and vagal control of heart rate","volume":"60","author":"Watkins","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4612","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2923","article-title":"Social jetlag, chronotype, and cardiometabolic risk","volume":"100","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013_b0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2010.01.006","article-title":"The role of the autonomic nervous liver innervation in the control of energy metabolism","volume":"1802","author":"Yi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"}],"container-title":["Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889159118302290?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889159118302290?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:58:07Z","timestamp":1760169487000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889159118302290"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"references-count":98,"alternative-id":["S0889159118302290"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-1591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-1591","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Associations of immunometabolic risk factors with symptoms of depression and anxiety: The role of cardiac vagal activity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain, Behavior, and Immunity","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.06.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}