{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:59:14Z","timestamp":1790837954582,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T01:28:11Z","timestamp":1607477291000},"page":"184-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Lipoteichoic acid, a cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria, induces sleep and fever and suppresses feeding"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"\u00c9va","family":"Szentirmai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2873-3954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley R.","family":"Massie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levente","family":"Kap\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1391","article-title":"Toll-like receptor signalling","volume":"4","author":"Akira","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0010","first-page":"297","article-title":"Studies in staphylococcal fever. VI. Responses induced by cell walls and various fractions of staphylococci and their products","volume":"39","author":"Atkins","year":"1967","journal-title":"Yale J. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289909021284","article-title":"Physiology and pathology of the blood-brain barrier: implications for microbial pathogenesis, drug delivery and neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"5","author":"Banks","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurovirol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.86.1.29","article-title":"Technical Assistance of Elizabeth Roberts. Tolerance to bacterial pyrogens: I. Factors influencing its development","volume":"86","author":"Beeson","year":"1947","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4725","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.181.16.4725-4733.1999","article-title":"Structures of gram-negative cell walls and their derived membrane vesicles","volume":"181","author":"Beveridge","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(06)62001-3","article-title":"The onset of fever: new insights into its mechanism","volume":"162","author":"Blatteis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(90)90300-S","article-title":"Are antibiotic effects on sleep behavior in the rat due to modulation of gut bacteria?","volume":"48","author":"Brown","year":"1990","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3515","article-title":"Scavenger receptors in homeostasis and immunity","volume":"13","author":"Canton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.56.6.723","article-title":"Activation of arachidonic acid metabolism in mouse macrophages by bacterial amphiphiles","volume":"56","author":"Card","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00018.2018","article-title":"The microbiota-gut-brain axis","volume":"99","author":"Cryan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2008.03.013","article-title":"High sensitivity pyrogen testing in water and dialysis solutions","volume":"336","author":"Daneshian","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2009.02.002","article-title":"Cytokine, sickness behavior, and depression","volume":"29","author":"Dantzer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol. Allergy Clin. N. Am."},{"issue":"5 Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0065","article-title":"Delta wave power: an independent sleep phenotype or epiphenomenon?","volume":"7","author":"Davis","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep Med."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2007.12.001","article-title":"Cytokine induction by Gram-positive bacteria","volume":"213","author":"Draing","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-64074-1.00034-3","article-title":"Fever and hypothermia in systemic inflammation","volume":"157","author":"Garami","year":"2018","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9242","DOI":"10.1021\/bi900503k","article-title":"Conformation of the phosphate D-alanine zwitterion in bacterial teichoic acid from nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"48","author":"Garimella","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2015.07.025","article-title":"Assessment of pyrogenic response of lipoteichoic acid by the monocyte activation test and the rabbit pyrogen test","volume":"73","author":"Gimenes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharm."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00226-8","article-title":"Role of lipoteichoic acid in infection and inflammation","volume":"2","author":"Ginsburg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00372951","article-title":"Response of body temperature and serum iron concentration to repeated pyrogen injection in rabbits","volume":"417","author":"Goelst","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3318","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.8.3318-3325.1996","article-title":"Influence of lipoteichoic acid structure on recognition by the macrophage scavenger receptor","volume":"64","author":"Greenberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2879","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.9.2879-2883.1997","article-title":"Effect of lipoteichoic acid on thermotropic membrane properties","volume":"179","author":"Gutberlet","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.12.039","article-title":"CRIg: a macrophage complement receptor required for phagocytosis of circulating pathogens","volume":"124","author":"Helmy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R180","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00579.2005","article-title":"Pyrexia, anorexia, adipsia, and depressed motor activity in rats during systemic inflammation induced by the Toll-like receptors-2 and -6 agonists MALP-2 and FSL-1","volume":"290","author":"H\u00fcbschle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29424","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29424","article-title":"Hypothalamic TLR2 triggers sickness behavior via a microglia-neuronal axis","volume":"6","author":"Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(72)90172-9","article-title":"Fever and sleep cycle impairment after streptococcal mucopeptide administration","volume":"10","author":"Kadlecova","year":"1972","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/126.2.179","article-title":"Effect of Escherichia coli endotoxin on temperature and sleep cycles of rats","volume":"126","author":"Kadlecov\u00e1","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(96)00227-4","article-title":"Nitric oxide donors SIN-1 and SNAP promote nonrapid-eye-movement sleep in rats","volume":"41","author":"Kap\u00e1s","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0140","first-page":"R708","article-title":"Somnogenic, pyrogenic, and anorectic activities of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 and TNF-\u03b1 fragments","volume":"263","author":"Kap\u00e1s","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0145","first-page":"R406","article-title":"Vagotomy attenuates but does not prevent the somnogenic and febrile effects of lipopolysaccharide in rats","volume":"274","author":"Kap\u00e1s","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3664","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.9.3664-3672.1992","article-title":"Macrophage response to bacteria: induction of marked secretory and cellular activities by lipoteichoic acids","volume":"60","author":"Keller","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-1591(02)00077-6","article-title":"Cytokine-induced sickness behavior","volume":"17","author":"Kelley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"1 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0160","first-page":"R125","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide induces fever and depresses locomotor activity in unrestrained mice","volume":"266","author":"Kozak","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.v14.i3-4.70","article-title":"Microbial products and cytokines in sleep and fever regulation","volume":"14","author":"Krueger","year":"1994","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2016.07.003","article-title":"Sleep and microbes","volume":"131","author":"Krueger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6102","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.19.6102","article-title":"Sleep-promoting effects of muramyl peptides","volume":"79","author":"Krueger","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0180","first-page":"R591","article-title":"Enhancement of slow-wave sleep by endotoxin and lipid A","volume":"251","author":"Krueger","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00603.x","article-title":"Circulating cell wall components derived from gram-negative, not gram-positive, bacteria cause a profound induction of the gene-encoding Toll-like receptor 2 in the CNS","volume":"79","author":"Laflamme","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0190","first-page":"R1310","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide increases EEG delta activity within non-REM sleep and disrupts sleep continuity in rats","volume":"268","author":"Lancel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(96)80052-9","article-title":"Bacterial products and the control of ingestive behavior: clinical implications","volume":"12","author":"Langhans","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(90)90001-K","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and muramyl dipeptide on food intake","volume":"47","author":"Langhans","year":"1990","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0102-41","article-title":"Platelet-activating factor receptor and ADAM10 mediate responses to Staphylococcus aureus in epithelial cells","volume":"8","author":"Lemjabbar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(73)90048-8","article-title":"Brain amines in fever and sleep cycle changes caused by streptococcal mucopeptide","volume":"12","author":"Masek","year":"1973","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0215","unstructured":"Massie, A.R., Millican, N.S., Kap\u00e1s, L., Szentirmai, \u00c9., Sleep and fever caused by cell wall components of bacteria: The role of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1. Program No. 596.15. 2018 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2018. Online."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.10.011","article-title":"Diverse action of lipoteichoic acid and lipopolysaccharide on neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, and anxiety in mice","volume":"60","author":"Mayerhofer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0225","unstructured":"Millican, N.S., Massie, A.R., Szentirmai, \u00c9., Kap\u00e1s, L., 2018. The effects of antibiotic-induced gut-microbiome depletion on sleep in mice. Program No. 596.16. 2018 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, Online."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0230","unstructured":"Millican, N.S., Massie, A.R., Szentirmai, \u00c9., Kap\u00e1s, L., Lipopolysaccharide-induced sleep in rats: The role of hepatoportal sensory mechanisms. Program No. 148.12. 2019 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Chicago, IL: Society for Neuroscience, 2019. Online."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2005.09.010","article-title":"Portal sensing of intestinal gluconeogenesis is a mechanistic link in the diminution of food intake induced by diet protein","volume":"2","author":"Mithieux","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2004.04.001","article-title":"Diurnal variation of lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations in sleep and body temperature of interleukin-6-deficient mice","volume":"19","author":"Morrow","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R947","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2000.278.4.R947","article-title":"Dose-dependent effects of endotoxin on human sleep","volume":"278","author":"Mullington","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2019.576973","article-title":"Activation of microglia and macrophages in the circumventricular organs of the mouse brain during TLR2-induced fever and sickness responses","volume":"334","author":"Murayama","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1838(96)00098-7","article-title":"The afferent discharges from sensors for interleukin 1 beta in the hepatoportal system in the anesthetized rat","volume":"61","author":"Niijima","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Auton. Nerv. Syst."},{"issue":"Suppl. 5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0260","first-page":"741S","article-title":"An electrophysiological study on amino acid sensors in the hepato-portal system in the rat","volume":"3","author":"Niijima","year":"1995","journal-title":"Obes. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)63009-5","article-title":"The effect of gastro-entero-pancreatic hormones on the activity of vagal hepatic afferent fibres","volume":"74","author":"Niijima","year":"1988","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)41116-2","article-title":"Lipoteichoic acid stimulates lipolysis and hepatic triglyceride secretion in rats in vivo","volume":"36","author":"Nonogaki","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"issue":"1 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0275","first-page":"R52","article-title":"Interleukin 1 alters rat sleep: temporal and dose-related effects","volume":"260","author":"Opp","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(98)00010-1","article-title":"Somnogenic and pyrogenic effects of interleukin-1\u03b2 and lipopolysaccharide in intact and vagotomized rats","volume":"62","author":"Opp","year":"1998","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.12.1798","article-title":"Antioxidants attenuate microvascular changes in the early phase of experimental pneumococcal meningitis in rats","volume":"23","author":"Pfister","year":"1992","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0290","first-page":"R1077","article-title":"Influence of endotoxin on nocturnal sleep in humans","volume":"264","author":"Pollmacher","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2014.tb00582.x","article-title":"Mechanisms of fever production and lysis: lessons from experimental LPS fever","volume":"4","author":"Roth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240050432","article-title":"Fever and production of cytokines in response to repeated injections of muramyl dipeptide in guinea-pigs","volume":"434","author":"Roth","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3159","article-title":"Neural circuitry engaged by prostaglandins during the sickness syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Saper","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17406","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.25.17406","article-title":"Peptidoglycan- and lipoteichoic acid-induced cell activation is mediated by toll-like receptor 2","volume":"274","author":"Schwandner","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.219691","article-title":"Role of innate immunity and the microbiota in liver fibrosis: crosstalk between the liver and gut","volume":"590","author":"Seki","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1038\/srep01254","article-title":"Hypothalamic neuronal toll-like receptor 2 protects against age-induced obesity","volume":"3","author":"Shechter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.37.100183.002441","article-title":"Structure, function, and assembly of cell walls of gram-positive bacteria","volume":"37","author":"Shockman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0330","first-page":"R142","article-title":"Recombinant tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1 enhance slow-wave sleep","volume":"253","author":"Shoham","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"1 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0335","first-page":"R157","article-title":"Muramyl dipeptide-induced sleep and fever: effects of ambient temperature and time of injections","volume":"255","author":"Shoham","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-013-5136-6","article-title":"Highly sensitive pyrogen detection on medical devices by the monocyte activation test","volume":"25","author":"Stang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. \u2013 Mater. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040284","article-title":"Cellular and molecular bases of the initiation of fever","volume":"4","author":"Steiner","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2013.11.017","article-title":"Sickness behaviour after lipopolysaccharide treatment in ghrelin deficient mice","volume":"36","author":"Szentirmai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197409","article-title":"Brown adipose tissue plays a central role in systemic inflammation-induced sleep responses","volume":"13","author":"Szentirmai","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7035","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43502-1","article-title":"Butyrate, a metabolite of intestinal bacteria, enhances sleep","volume":"9","author":"Szentirmai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"2 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0365","first-page":"R536","article-title":"Somnogenic, pyrogenic, and hematologic effects of experimental pasteurellosis in rabbits","volume":"258","author":"Toth","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1806","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.280.6.R1806","article-title":"Cytokine- and microbially induced sleep responses of interleukin-10 deficient mice","volume":"280","author":"Toth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toth LA and Krueger JM. Alteration of sleep in rabbits by Staphylococcus aureus infection. Infect Immun 1988 Jul; 56(7):1785\u20131791, 1988.","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.56.7.1785-1791.1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.3.9.2663582","article-title":"Effects of microbial challenge on sleep in rabbits","volume":"3","author":"Toth","year":"1989","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/17.2.132","article-title":"Endotoxin enhances EEG alpha and beta power in human sleep","volume":"17","author":"Trachsel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.05.017","article-title":"Wall Teichoic acid in Staphylococcus aureus host interaction","volume":"28","author":"van Dalen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1968.tb00456.x","article-title":"The reaction of different animal species to bacterial pyrogens","volume":"15","author":"van Miert","year":"1968","journal-title":"Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. A"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1177\/09680519010070050601","article-title":"Scavenger receptor-like receptors for the binding of lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid to liver endothelial and Kupffer cells","volume":"7","author":"van Oosten","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Endotoxin Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115218","article-title":"Staphylococcus epidermidis induces complement activation, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1, a shock-like state and tissue injury in rabbits without endotoxemia. Comparison to Escherichia coli","volume":"87","author":"Wakabayashi","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1159\/000097341","article-title":"Effect of homologous interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 on the core body temperature of mice","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"NeuroImmunoModulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1970.218.1.160","article-title":"Effects of endotoxin on cerebral blood flow in the monkey","volume":"218","author":"Weiner","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"4 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0420","first-page":"R672","article-title":"Effects of a muramyl dipeptide on the temperature and sleep-wake cycles of the squirrel monkey","volume":"247","author":"Wexler","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2009.03179.x","article-title":"Toll-like receptor-induced innate immune responses in non-parenchymal liver cells are cell type-specific","volume":"129","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.06.002","article-title":"CRIg functions as a macrophage pattern recognition receptor to directly bind and capture blood-borne gram-positive bacteria","volume":"20","author":"Zeng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2006.11.008","article-title":"Hyperthermia differentially regulates TLR4 and TLR2-mediated innate immune response","volume":"108","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5915","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M807852200","article-title":"Bacterial endotoxin stimulates adipose lipolysis via toll-like receptor 4 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway","volume":"284","author":"Zu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."}],"container-title":["Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088915912032451X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088915912032451X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T08:02:55Z","timestamp":1760169775000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S088915912032451X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":88,"alternative-id":["S088915912032451X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-1591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-1591","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lipoteichoic acid, a cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria, induces sleep and fever and suppresses feeding","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain, Behavior, and Immunity","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}