{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:43:36Z","timestamp":1786985016081,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31 DA053781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31 DA053781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 DA048241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 DA048241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DA007244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DA007244"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DA034721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DA034721"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain, Behavior, &amp; Immunity - Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T19:24:17Z","timestamp":1667071457000},"page":"100542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["MDMA administration attenuates hippocampal IL-\u03b2 immunoreactivity and subsequent stress-enhanced fear learning: An animal model of PTSD"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9433-8253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shveta V.","family":"Parekh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia O.","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian A.","family":"Barkell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5404-7910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donald T.","family":"Lysle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881119855987","article-title":"Effects of MDMA on neuroplasticity, amyloid burden and phospho-tau expression in APPswe\/PS1dE9 mice","volume":"33","author":"Abad","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.04.029","article-title":"Hippocampal dysfunction effects on context memory: possible etiology for posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"62","author":"Acheson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3675","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199911260-00039","article-title":"Alpha-lipoic acid prevents 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurotoxicity","volume":"10","author":"Aguirre","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib5","first-page":"32","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in combat veterans: focus on antidepressants and atypical antipsychotic agents","volume":"37","author":"Alexander","year":"2012","journal-title":"P T"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2020.04.001","article-title":"Systemic TNF-alpha blockade attenuates anxiety and depressive-like behaviors in db\/db mice through downregulation of inflammatory signaling in peripheral immune cells","volume":"28","author":"Alshammari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Saudi Pharmaceut. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-1063(2001)11:1<8::AID-HIPO1015>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Hippocampus and contextual fear conditioning: recent controversies and advances","volume":"11","author":"Anagnostaras","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00270","article-title":"Therapeutic alliance and outcome of psychotherapy: historical excursus, measurements, and prospects for research","volume":"2","author":"Ardito","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-01952-8","article-title":"MDMA treatment paired with a trauma-cue promotes adaptive stress responses in a translational model of PTSD in rats","volume":"12","author":"Arluk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109595","article-title":"Chronic stress primes innate immune responses in mice and humans","volume":"36","author":"Barrett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2004.06.009","article-title":"BDNF mRNA expression in rat hippocampus following contextual learning is blocked by intrahippocampal IL-1beta administration","volume":"155","author":"Barrientos","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881120926673","article-title":"Acute effects of MDMA on trust, cooperative behaviour and empathy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment","volume":"35","author":"Borissova","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib13","first-page":"847","article-title":"Co-morbidity and treatment outcomes of inpatients with chronic combat-related PTSD","volume":"42","author":"Boudewyns","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hosp. Community Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2398212820979802","article-title":"The role of cytokines in modulating learning and memory and brain plasticity","volume":"4","author":"Bourgognon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Neurosci Adv"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.07.020","article-title":"MDMA (\"Ecstasy\") suppresses the innate IFN-gamma response in vivo: a critical role for the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10","volume":"572","author":"Boyle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.3.369","article-title":"Chronic PTSD in Vietnam combat veterans: course of illness and substance abuse","volume":"153","author":"Bremner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1097\/00006231-200108000-00007","article-title":"Long-term effects of 'ecstasy' abuse on the human brain studied by FDG PET","volume":"22","author":"Buchert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00345","article-title":"Dysregulated IL-1beta secretion in autoinflammatory diseases: a matter of stress?","volume":"8","author":"Carta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2007.02.009","article-title":"Involvement of IL-1beta in acute stress-induced worsening of cerebral ischaemia in rats","volume":"17","author":"Caso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-016-0477-8","article-title":"Astrocytes: integrative regulators of neuroinflammation in stroke and other neurological diseases","volume":"13","author":"Cekanaviciute","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-015-0169-z","article-title":"A pre-conditioning stress accelerates increases in mouse plasma inflammatory cytokines induced by stress","volume":"16","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092325","article-title":"Human astrocytes: secretome profiles of cytokines and chemokines","volume":"9","author":"Choi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0019-2805.2004.01847.x","article-title":"Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'Ecstasy'): a stressor on the immune system","volume":"111","author":"Connor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(00)00743-8","article-title":"Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; Ecstasy) suppresses IL-1beta and TNF-alpha secretion following an in vivo lipopolysaccharide challenge","volume":"67","author":"Connor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(01)00928-1","article-title":"Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced suppression of interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha is not mediated by serotonin","volume":"418","author":"Connor","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib26","first-page":"393","article-title":"[History, effects and mechanisms of action of ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine): review of the literature]","volume":"8","author":"de Almeida","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Panam. Salud P\u00fablic"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-200404000-00009","article-title":"Human pharmacology of MDMA: pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and disposition","volume":"26","author":"de la Torre","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ther. Drug Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2017.01.005","article-title":"Immune signaling mechanisms of PTSD risk and symptom development: insights from animal models","volume":"14","author":"Deslauriers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.721999","article-title":"TNF-alpha as an initiator of allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors in a preclinical model of PTSD and comorbid pain","volume":"12","author":"Dib","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2020.104921","article-title":"Involvement of microglia in disturbed fear memory regulation: possible microglial contribution to the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"142","author":"Enomoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"PL145","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(92)90362-S","article-title":"Effects of amphetamine on the activity of phagocytosis in mice","volume":"51","author":"Freire-Garabal","year":"1992","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib32","first-page":"262","article-title":"PTSD is associated with an excess of inflammatory immune activities","volume":"45","author":"Gill","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2008.10.001","article-title":"Interleukin-1 (IL-1): a central regulator of stress responses","volume":"30","author":"Goshen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"8-10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2007.09.004","article-title":"A dual role for interleukin-1 in hippocampal-dependent memory processes","volume":"32","author":"Goshen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.55.3.3","article-title":"The pharmacology and clinical pharmacology of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, \"ecstasy\")","volume":"55","author":"Green","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.11.023","article-title":"Neuroinflammatory TNFalpha impairs memory via astrocyte signaling","volume":"163","author":"Habbas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2018.12.007","article-title":"3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) impairs the extinction and reconsolidation of fear memory in rats","volume":"199","author":"Hake","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00030","article-title":"Cytokine research in depression: principles, challenges, and open questions","volume":"10","author":"Himmerich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0109-6","article-title":"Dorsal and ventral hippocampal adult-born neurons contribute to context fear memory","volume":"43","author":"Huckleberry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.24869\/psyd.2017.407","article-title":"A systematic review of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in post-traumatic stress disorder: evidence from human and animal studies","volume":"29","author":"Hussein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Danub."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00018.2015","article-title":"Fear memory","volume":"96","author":"Izquierdo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib42","first-page":"57","article-title":"Effects of repeated administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on avoidance memory and cell density in rats' Hippocampus","volume":"4","author":"Jahanshahi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2019-00053","article-title":"Neuroendocrine regulation of brain cytokines after psychological stress","volume":"3","author":"Johnson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.317","article-title":"The role of brain interleukin-1 in stress-enhanced fear learning","volume":"40","author":"Jones","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.09.016","article-title":"Hippocampal interleukin-1 mediates stress-enhanced fear learning: a potential role for astrocyte-derived interleukin-1beta","volume":"67","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2018.07.015","article-title":"Chemogenetic manipulation of dorsal hippocampal astrocytes protects against the development of stress-enhanced fear learning","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib48","first-page":"917","article-title":"The pharmacology and toxicology of \"ecstasy\" (MDMA) and related drugs","volume":"165","author":"Kalant","year":"2001","journal-title":"CMAJ (Can. Med. Assoc. J.)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4043","article-title":"Diversity of astrocyte functions and phenotypes in neural circuits","volume":"18","author":"Khakh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2006.40","article-title":"Microglia, major player in the brain inflammation: their roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease","volume":"38","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9020107","article-title":"Inflammation in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a review of potential correlates of PTSD with a neurological perspective","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0708092105","article-title":"IL-1beta is an essential mediator of the antineurogenic and anhedonic effects of stress","volume":"105","author":"Koo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1089\/08977150151071035","article-title":"Astrocytes produce and release interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon-gamma following traumatic and metabolic injury","volume":"18","author":"Lau","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib54","article-title":"Activation of astrocytes in hippocampus decreases fear memory through adenosine A1 receptors","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-02069-9","article-title":"Microglial deletion and inhibition alleviate behavior of post-traumatic stress disorder in mice","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib56","article-title":"Astrocytes in post-traumatic stress disorder","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosci. Bull."},{"issue":"3 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2014.11.006","article-title":"Learning models of PTSD: theoretical accounts and psychobiological evidence","volume":"98","author":"Lissek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.07.081","article-title":"The effect of isoliquiritigenin on learning and memory impairments induced by high-fat diet via inhibiting TNF-alpha\/JNK\/IRS signaling","volume":"464","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01336-3","article-title":"MDMA-assisted therapy for severe PTSD: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study","volume":"27","author":"Mitchell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867323666160122115057","article-title":"Serotonin 1A receptors on astrocytes as a potential target for the treatment of Parkinson's disease","volume":"23","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.08.073","article-title":"Sustained expression of interleukin-1beta in mouse hippocampus impairs spatial memory","volume":"164","author":"Moore","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s12991-020-00283-6","article-title":"MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for people diagnosed with treatment-resistant PTSD: what it is and what it isn't","volume":"19","author":"Morgan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Gen. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1135","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.91","article-title":"Molecular indicators of stress-induced neuroinflammation in a mouse model simulating features of post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"7","author":"Muhie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.11.023","article-title":"Repeated stress induces a pro-inflammatory state, increases amygdala neuronal and microglial activation, and causes anxiety in adult male rats","volume":"84","author":"Munshi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"7754","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1075-9","article-title":"Oxytocin-dependent reopening of a social reward learning critical period with MDMA","volume":"569","author":"Nardou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2016.07.011","article-title":"Co-morbidity of PTSD and immune system dysfunction: opportunities for treatment","volume":"29","author":"Neigh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.11.027","article-title":"Portulaca oleracea L. prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced passive avoidance learning and memory and TNF-alpha impairments in hippocampus of rat","volume":"169","author":"Noorbakhshnia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881118806297","article-title":"3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized phase 2 controlled trial","volume":"32","author":"Ot'alora","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)29682-8","article-title":"Acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine alone and in combination with ethanol on the immune system in humans","volume":"296","author":"Pacifici","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therapeut."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3653","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-020-05645-2","article-title":"Dorsal hippocampal interleukin-1 signaling mediates heroin withdrawal-enhanced fear learning","volume":"237","author":"Parekh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2963","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-021-02322-z","article-title":"Hippocampal TNF-alpha signaling mediates heroin withdrawal-enhanced fear learning and withdrawal-induced weight loss","volume":"58","author":"Parekh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00309-0","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression","volume":"2","author":"Passos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2008.12.021","article-title":"Automated scoring of fear-related behavior using EthoVision software","volume":"178","author":"Pham","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.10","article-title":"Amygdala transcriptome and cellular mechanisms underlying stress-enhanced fear learning in a rat model of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"35","author":"Ponomarev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-018-0191-9","article-title":"Sex differences in the traumatic stress response: PTSD symptoms in women recapitulated in female rats","volume":"9","author":"Pooley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Sex Differ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-003-0747-y","article-title":"Different glial response to methamphetamine- and methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity","volume":"367","author":"Pubill","year":"2003","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg\u2019s Arch. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(99)00098-4","article-title":"Role of interleukin-1 beta in impairment of contextual fear conditioning caused by social isolation","volume":"106","author":"Pugh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.04.010","article-title":"Stress-induced enhancement of fear learning: an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"29","author":"Rau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0272-5","article-title":"Animal models of PTSD: a challenge to be met","volume":"24","author":"Richter-Levin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1521\/psyc.2008.71.2.134","article-title":"Nonresponse and dropout rates in outcome studies on PTSD: review and methodological considerations","volume":"71","author":"Schottenbauer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-017-0531-1","article-title":"Why psychiatry needs 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine: a child psychiatrist's perspective","volume":"14","author":"Sessa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2018_113","article-title":"Pharmacology of MDMA- and amphetamine-like new psychoactive substances","volume":"252","author":"Simmler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.07.010","article-title":"Cytokine production as a putative biological mechanism underlying stress sensitization in high combat exposed soldiers","volume":"51","author":"Smid","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.02.043","article-title":"Stress induced morphological microglial activation in the rodent brain: involvement of interleukin-18","volume":"146","author":"Sugama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2007.02.010","article-title":"Effects of interleukin-1beta and lipopolysaccharide on behavior of mice in the elevated plus-maze and open field tests","volume":"86","author":"Swiergiel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2012.10.013","article-title":"Morphine prevents the development of stress-enhanced fear learning","volume":"103","author":"Szczytkowski-Thomson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.02.033","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha negatively regulates the retrieval and reconsolidation of hippocampus-dependent memory","volume":"94","author":"Takahashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2017.00202","article-title":"Brain interleukin-1 facilitates learning of a water maze spatial memory task in young mice","volume":"11","author":"Takemiya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.022","article-title":"Antidepressants of different classes cause distinct behavioral and brain pro- and anti-inflammatory changes in mice submitted to an inflammatory model of depression","volume":"268","author":"Tomaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(07)67003-4","article-title":"Amygdala modulation of memory-related processes in the hippocampus: potential relevance to PTSD","volume":"167","author":"Tsoory","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-12287-1","article-title":"Plasma levels of S100B and neurofilament light chain protein in stress-related mental disorders","volume":"12","author":"Wallensten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1054-3","article-title":"Microglial activation mediates chronic mild stress-induced depressive- and anxiety-like behavior in adult rats","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0000000000000069","article-title":"Animal models of post-traumatic stress disorder and recent neurobiological insights","volume":"25","author":"Whitaker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behav. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076146","article-title":"Inflammation and oxidative stress are elevated in the brain, blood, and adrenal glands during the progression of post-traumatic stress disorder in a predator exposure animal model","volume":"8","author":"Wilson","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e634","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2015.138","article-title":"3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine facilitates fear extinction learning","volume":"5","author":"Young","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1177\/25.7.70454","article-title":"Automatic measurement of sister chromatid exchange frequency","volume":"25","author":"Zack","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cytochem."}],"container-title":["Brain, Behavior, &amp; Immunity - Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666354622001326?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666354622001326?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T08:10:30Z","timestamp":1778919030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666354622001326"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":94,"alternative-id":["S2666354622001326"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-3546"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-3546","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"MDMA administration attenuates hippocampal IL-\u03b2 immunoreactivity and subsequent stress-enhanced fear learning: An animal model of PTSD","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100542","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100542"}}