{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T22:35:46Z","timestamp":1762986946668,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"US Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,11]],"date-time":"2023-03-11T11:32:46Z","timestamp":1678534366000},"page":"100612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Exercise-induced changes in gene expression do not mediate post exertional malaise in Gulf War illness"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8825-3763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander E.","family":"Boruch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob B.","family":"Lindheimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob V.","family":"Ninneman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glenn R.","family":"Wylie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacquelyn C.","family":"Klein-Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron J.","family":"Stegner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas P.","family":"Gretzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bishoy","family":"Samy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Falvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3992-4820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dane B.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"No 1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib1","article-title":"Neurotoxicity resulting from coexposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and permethrin: implications of gulf war chemical exposures: journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"48","author":"Abou Donia","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A [Internet]"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.06.007","article-title":"Spinal HMGB1 induces TLR4-mediated long-lasting hypersensitivity and glial activation and regulates pain-like behavior in experimental arthritis","volume":"155","author":"Agalave","year":"2014","journal-title":"PAIN\u00ae."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.01.020","article-title":"In-vivo imaging of neuroinflammation in veterans with Gulf War illness","author":"Alshelh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun. 87:498\u2013507"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12020132","article-title":"Review of the midbrain ascending arousal network nuclei and implications for myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME\/CFS), gulf war illness (GWI) and postexertional malaise (PEM)","volume":"12","author":"Baraniuk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib5","article-title":"Pain-related post-exertional malaise in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis\/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME\/CFS) and Fibromyalgia: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis","author":"Barhorst","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Medicine [Internet]"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/118845","article-title":"Whole blood ACTB, B2M and GAPDH expression reflects activity of inflammatory bowel disease, advancement of colorectal cancer, and correlates with circulating inflammatory and angiogenic factors: relevance for real-time quantitative PCR","volume":"29","author":"Bednarz-Misa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119701","article-title":"Predicting post-exertional malaise in Gulf War Illness based on acute exercise responses","volume":"280","author":"Boruch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.10.011","article-title":"A pilot study of immune network remodeling under challenge in Gulf War Illness","volume":"25","author":"Broderick","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-071-7_8","article-title":"Exploring the diagnostic potential of immune biomarker coexpression in Gulf War Illness","volume":"934","author":"Broderick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.11.007","article-title":"Altered immune pathway activity under exercise challenge in Gulf War Illness: an exploratory analysis","volume":"28","author":"Broderick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4855-2","article-title":"Gulf War Illness-associated increases in blood levels of interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein: biomarker evidence of inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Butterick","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research","volume":"28","author":"Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1300\/J092v11n01_02","article-title":"Myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Carruthers","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.1346","article-title":"Beyond myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome: an IOM report on redefining an illness","volume":"313","author":"Clayton","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11111410","article-title":"Associations of immune genetic variability with gulf war illness in 1990\u20131991 gulf war veterans from the gulf war illness consortium (GWIC) multisite case-control study","volume":"11","author":"Coller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib16","first-page":"2016","article-title":"Update of health effects of serving in the gulf war, board on the health of select populations","volume":"10","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.02.009","article-title":"Neural consequences of post-exertion malaise in myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"62","author":"Cook","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-015-0111-3","article-title":"Using gene expression signatures to identify novel treatment strategies in gulf war illness","volume":"8","author":"Craddock","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Med. Genom."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP11558","article-title":"Comment on \u201cevaluation of a gene\u2013environment interaction of PON1 and low-level nerve agent exposure with gulf war illness: a prevalence case\u2013control study drawn from the U.S. Military health survey\u2019s national population sample","volume":"130","author":"Curtis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2020.155273","article-title":"Role of TLR4 in physical exercise and cardiovascular diseases","volume":"136","author":"de Vicente","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.02.007","article-title":"Development and initial validation of an expanded and revised version of the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2)","volume":"144","author":"Dworkin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6917","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.111134598","article-title":"Effect of COMT Val108\/158 Met genotype on frontal lobe function and risk for schizophrenia","volume":"98","author":"Egan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1120","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usz471","article-title":"Gulf war illness symptom severity and onset: a cross-sectional Survey","volume":"185","author":"Fappiano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mil. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2013.09.012","article-title":"Biopsychosocial influence on exercise-induced injury: genetic and psychological combinations are predictive of shoulder pain phenotypes","volume":"15","author":"George","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2015.11.037","article-title":"Reduced human leukocyte antigen (HLA) protection in gulf war illness (GWI)","volume":"3","author":"Georgopoulos","year":"2016","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12865-018-0268-6","article-title":"Blood handling and leukocyte isolation methods impact the global transcriptome of immune cells","volume":"19","author":"Goods","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Immunol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.226928","article-title":"Multiple facets of NF-\u03baB in the heart","volume":"108","author":"Gordon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haley RW, Kramer G, Xiao J, Dever JA, Teiber JF. Evaluation of a gene\u2013environment interaction of PON1 and low-level nerve agent exposure with gulf war illness: a prevalence case\u2013control study drawn from the U.S. Military health survey's national population sample. Environ. Health Perspect.. 130(5):057001.","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP9009"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3037","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301543","article-title":"Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT): a gene contributing to sex differences in brain function, and to sexual dimorphism in the predisposition to psychiatric disorders","volume":"33","author":"Harrison","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2016.11.001","article-title":"Regression-based statistical mediation and moderation analysis in clinical research: observations, recommendations, and implementation","volume":"98","author":"Hayes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4349","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1940-20.2021","article-title":"Temporal contribution of myeloid-lineage TLR4 to the transition to chronic pain: a focus on sex differences","volume":"41","author":"Huck","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib32","article-title":"Pyridostigmine bromide [internet]. Gulf war and health","volume":"1","author":"Fulco","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157855","article-title":"Blood biomarkers of chronic inflammation in gulf war illness","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib34","article-title":"Problems with the present inhibitors and a relevance of new and improved COMT inhibitors in Parkinson's disease","volume":"95","author":"Kaakkola","year":"2010"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-200005000-00006","article-title":"Illnesses among United States veterans of the gulf war: : a population-based Survey of 30,000 veterans","volume":"42","author":"Kang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib36","first-page":"18","article-title":"The veterans SF-36 health status questionnaire","volume":"5","author":"Kazis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Development and Application in the Veterans Health Administration"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2014.11.019","article-title":"Cytokine expression provides clues to the pathophysiology of Gulf War illness and myalgic encephalomyelitis","volume":"72","author":"Khaiboullina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520460115022","article-title":"The fatigue severity scale: application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"46","author":"Krupp","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.21059","article-title":"Mutations and polymorphisms of the skeletal muscle \u03b1-actin gene (ACTA1)","volume":"30","author":"Laing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Mutat."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.06.003","article-title":"Moderate exercise increases expression for sensory, adrenergic, and immune genes in chronic fatigue syndrome patients but not in normal subjects","volume":"10","author":"Light","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02405.x","article-title":"Gene expression alterations at baseline and following moderate exercise in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia Syndrome","volume":"271","author":"Light","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib42","first-page":"69","article-title":"Symptom variability following acute exercise in myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome: a perspective on measuring post-exertion malaise","volume":"5","author":"Lindheimer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2019.11.008","article-title":"Post-exertional malaise in veterans with gulf war illness","volume":"147","author":"Lindheimer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."},{"year":"1971","series-title":"Manual for the Profile of Mood States","author":"McNair","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib44"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib45","first-page":"190","article-title":"Post-exertion malaise in chronic fatigue syndrome: symptoms and gene expression","volume":"1","author":"Meyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-7-115","article-title":"Cell-type specific gene expression profiles of leukocytes in human peripheral blood","volume":"7","author":"Palmer","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Genom."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3371","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093371","article-title":"Actin mutations and their role in disease","volume":"21","author":"Parker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s12865-015-0122-z","article-title":"Evidence for abnormal cytokine expression in Gulf War Illness: a preliminary analysis of daily immune monitoring data","volume":"16","author":"Parkitny","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00181","article-title":"Migraine in gulf war illness and chronic fatigue syndrome: prevalence, potential mechanisms, and evaluation","volume":"4","author":"Rayhan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib50","first-page":"212","article-title":"Prefrontal lactate predicts exercise-induced cognitive dysfunction in Gulf War Illness","volume":"5","author":"Rayhan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Tourism Res."},{"year":"2008","series-title":"Gulf War Illness and the Health of Gulf War Veterans: Scientific Findings and Recommendations","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib51"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.13.1530","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of chronic fatigue syndrome in wichita, Kansas","volume":"163","author":"Reyes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.1091","article-title":"De novo mutations in the actin genes ACTB and ACTG1 cause Baraitser-Winter syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Rivi\u00e8re","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(94)00125-O","article-title":"The multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) psychometric qualities of an instrument to assess fatigue","volume":"39","author":"Smets","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23841","article-title":"Sex differences in pain","volume":"95","author":"Sorge","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15450","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3859-11.2011","article-title":"Spinal cord toll-like receptor 4 mediates inflammatory and neuropathic hypersensitivity in male but not female mice","volume":"31","author":"Sorge","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/152.10.992","article-title":"Prevalence and patterns of Gulf War illness in Kansas veterans: association of symptoms with characteristics of person, place, and time of military service","volume":"152","author":"Steele","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-14-4","article-title":"Butyrylcholinesterase genotype and enzyme activity in relation to Gulf War illness: preliminary evidence of gene-exposure interaction from a case\u2013control study of 1991 Gulf War veterans","volume":"14","author":"Steele","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1993.tb00394.x","article-title":"The effects of the COMT inhibitor entacapone on haemodynamics and peripheral catecholamine metabolism during exercise","volume":"36","author":"Sundberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01054-8","article-title":"Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited","volume":"37","author":"Tanaka","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2018.4469","article-title":"Alterations in DNA methylation status associated with gulf war illness","volume":"38","author":"Trivedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2018.00412","article-title":"Estimating prevalence, demographics, and costs of ME\/CFS using large scale medical claims data and machine learning","author":"Valdez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pediatrics [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-3-8","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the CDC symptom inventory for assessment of chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"3","author":"Wagner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Popul. Health Metrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-8794-2-12","article-title":"Impaired immune function in gulf war illness","volume":"2","author":"Whistler","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Med. Genom."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.6.1.6-13.1999","article-title":"Changes in immune parameters seen in Gulf War veterans but not in civilians with chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666354623000261?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666354623000261?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T22:28:23Z","timestamp":1762986503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666354623000261"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["S2666354623000261"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-3546"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2666-3546"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Exercise-induced changes in gene expression do not mediate post exertional malaise in Gulf War illness","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100612","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100612"}}