{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T21:06:53Z","timestamp":1789160813412,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006188","name":"Einstein Foundation Berlin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EZ-2023-751-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EZ-2023-751-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002839","name":"Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002839","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017268","name":"Berlin Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["415914819"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["415914819"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T23:17:33Z","timestamp":1783379853000},"page":"101301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Associations of viral infections and antiviral vaccinations with anti-NMDAR and other forms of autoimmune encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0406-771X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Bamberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0244-9226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poul M.","family":"Schulte-Frankenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2913-1015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob","family":"Kreye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20142274","article-title":"Functional IRF3 deficiency in a patient with herpes simplex encephalitis","volume":"212","author":"Andersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24083","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus encephalitis is a trigger of brain autoimmunity","volume":"75","author":"Armangue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002125","article-title":"Autoimmune post-herpes simplex encephalitis of adults and teenagers","volume":"85","author":"Armangue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4306","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad238","article-title":"Neurologic complications in herpes simplex encephalitis: clinical, immunological and genetic studies","volume":"146","author":"Armangue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30244-8","article-title":"Frequency, symptoms, risk factors, and outcomes of autoimmune encephalitis after herpes simplex encephalitis: a prospective observational study and retrospective analysis","volume":"17","author":"Armangue","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.866407","article-title":"An HLA map of the world: a comparison of HLA frequencies in 200 worldwide populations reveals diverse patterns for class I and class II","volume":"14","author":"Arrieta-Bolanos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0337679100","article-title":"Interferon-inducible gene expression signature in peripheral blood cells of patients with severe lupus","volume":"100","author":"Baechler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"6578","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abj8222","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis reveals high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus associated with multiple sclerosis","volume":"375","author":"Bjornevik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286420952901","article-title":"Post-infectious neurological disorders","volume":"13","author":"Blackburn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2017.02.003","article-title":"Epidemiology of infectious encephalitis causes in 2016","volume":"47","author":"Boucher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Maladies Infect."},{"issue":"6\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/s41435-020-00116-2","article-title":"Host genetic susceptibility to viral infections: the role of type I interferon induction","volume":"21","author":"Bourdon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gene Immun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit458","article-title":"Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2--United states, 1999-2010","volume":"209","author":"Bradley","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1009213286","article-title":"Interval estimation for a binomial proportion","volume":"16","author":"Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stat. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.10.085233","article-title":"Estimated global incidence of Japanese encephalitis: a systematic review","volume":"89","author":"Campbell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5417","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25509-3","article-title":"New-onset IgG autoantibodies in hospitalized patients with COVID-19","volume":"12","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20251146","article-title":"Common cold embecovirus imprinting primes broadly neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 S2","volume":"222","author":"Changrob","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01446-19","article-title":"Comprehensive mutagenesis of Herpes simplex virus 1 genome identifies UL42 as an inhibitor of type I interferon induction","volume":"93","author":"Chapon","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad419","article-title":"The immunobiology of herpes simplex virus encephalitis and post-viral autoimmunity","volume":"147","author":"Cleaver","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3398","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz297","article-title":"Glycine receptor autoantibodies disrupt inhibitory neurotransmission","volume":"142","author":"Crisp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00633-9","article-title":"The type I interferonopathies: 10 years on","volume":"22","author":"Crow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.143.8.2677","article-title":"Human and murine antibodies cross-reactive with streptococcal M protein and myosin recognize the sequence GLN-LYS-SER-LYS-GLN in M protein","volume":"143","author":"Cunningham","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70224-2","article-title":"Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis: case series and analysis of the effects of antibodies","volume":"7","author":"Dalmau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1708712","article-title":"Antibody-mediated encephalitis","volume":"378","author":"Dalmau","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4371","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39770-1","article-title":"Lymph node targeted multi-epitope subunit vaccine promotes effective immunity to EBV in HLA-expressing mice","volume":"14","author":"Dasari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.5501\/wjv.v1.i1.31","article-title":"Serological diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus infection: problems and solutions","volume":"1","author":"De Paschale","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-025-02882-7","article-title":"Neuronal pSTAT1 hallmarks synaptic pathology in autoimmune encephalitis against intracellular antigens","volume":"149","author":"Di Liberto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.11.001","article-title":"EBV-NMDA double positive encephalitis in an immunocompromised patient","volume":"396","author":"Garre","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0104169","article-title":"Encephalitis hospitalization rates and inpatient mortality in the United States, 2000-2010","volume":"9","author":"George","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6313","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aag1322","article-title":"Potent protection against H5N1 and H7N9 influenza via childhood hemagglutinin imprinting","volume":"354","author":"Gostic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25626","article-title":"N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies in post-herpes simplex virus encephalitis neurological relapse","volume":"29","author":"Hacohen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2019.05.010","article-title":"Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy following Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in a pediatric patient","volume":"98","author":"Handoko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-023-00992-0","article-title":"A review of neurological side effects of COVID-19 vaccination","volume":"28","author":"Hosseini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib33","article-title":"Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with reactivated Epstein-Barr virus infection in pediatric patients: three case reports","volume":"98","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltim.)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2004.01009.x","article-title":"Chronological evolution of IgM, IgA, IgG and neutralisation antibodies after infection with SARS-associated coronavirus","volume":"10","author":"Hsueh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00987","article-title":"Severe Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor encephalitis under immunosuppression after liver transplantation","volume":"10","author":"Konen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25666","article-title":"Human cerebrospinal fluid monoclonal LGI1 autoantibodies increase neuronal excitability","volume":"87","author":"Kornau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13431","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid cyto-\/chemokine profile during acute herpes simplex virus induced anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis and in chronic neurological sequelae","volume":"59","author":"Kothur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2025.106073","article-title":"Specific viral antibodies associate with anti-NMDAR encephalitis after herpes simplex encephalitis","volume":"130","author":"Kreye","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww208","article-title":"Human cerebrospinal fluid monoclonal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoantibodies are sufficient for encephalitis pathogenesis","volume":"139","author":"Kreye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib40","article-title":"Encephalitis patient-derived monoclonal GABAA receptor antibodies cause epileptic seizures","volume":"218","author":"Kreye","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib41","article-title":"Herpes simplex encephalitis","author":"Kumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"In StatPearls"},{"issue":"7900","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04432-7","article-title":"Clonally expanded B cells in multiple sclerosis bind EBV EBNA1 and GlialCAM","volume":"603","author":"Lanz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000529","article-title":"Mouse model of anti-NMDA receptor post-herpes simplex encephalitis","volume":"6","author":"Linnoila","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000245","article-title":"CSF herpes virus and autoantibody profiles in the evaluation of encephalitis","volume":"3","author":"Linnoila","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.117394","article-title":"Autoimmune encephalitis after Japanese encephalitis in children: a prospective study","volume":"424","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2022.02.004","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of children with Anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor encephalitis after Japanese encephalitis","volume":"130","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e24700","article-title":"A peptide from the Japanese encephalitis virus failed to induce the production of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibodies via molecular mimicry in mice","volume":"10","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2019.09.003","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis-induced anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a hospital-based prospective study","volume":"42","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25623","article-title":"Herpes simplex encephalitis relapse with chorea is associated with autoantibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor or dopamine-2 receptor","volume":"29","author":"Mohammad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2015.46","article-title":"Mutations in the TLR3 signaling pathway and beyond in adult patients with herpes simplex encephalitis","volume":"16","author":"Mork","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gene Immun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24195","article-title":"Acute mechanisms underlying antibody effects in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis","volume":"76","author":"Moscato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103795","article-title":"Autoimmune encephalitis associated with COVID-19: a systematic review","volume":"62","author":"Nabizadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-03428-3","article-title":"Serious adverse drug reactions associated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and their reporting trends in the EudraVigilance database","volume":"15","author":"Nazar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.3188","article-title":"Use and safety of immunotherapeutic management of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor antibody encephalitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"78","author":"Nosadini","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.06.025","article-title":"Structural mechanisms of GABA(A) receptor autoimmune encephalitis","volume":"185","author":"Noviello","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2021.06.016","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"74","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)"},{"issue":"6620","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adc9127","article-title":"Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages","volume":"378","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01556-7","article-title":"Neurological complications after first dose of COVID-19 vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"27","author":"Patone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-023-00720-1","article-title":"Pathogenesis of autoimmune disease","volume":"19","author":"Pisetsky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00543-w","article-title":"Autoantibodies in neurological disease","volume":"21","author":"Pruss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23689","article-title":"N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies in herpes simplex encephalitis","volume":"72","author":"Pruss","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000458","article-title":"Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and nonencephalitic HSV-1 infection","volume":"5","author":"Salovin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2022.18.6.692","article-title":"AI-CoV study: Autoimmune Encephalitis associated with COVID-19 and its Vaccines-A systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Samim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2023.578139","article-title":"Infectious profiles in pediatric anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis","volume":"381","author":"Sandweiss","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0381-z","article-title":"The B cell immunobiology that underlies CNS autoantibody-mediated diseases","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1675607","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis virus-induced Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and review of literature","volume":"50","author":"Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70310-1","article-title":"Treatment and prognostic factors for long-term outcome in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: an observational cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Titulaer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.05.053","article-title":"Spontaneously reported adverse events following COVID-19 basic and booster immunizations in the Netherlands","volume":"41","author":"van der Boor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2024.08.027","article-title":"Human cerebrospinal fluid monoclonal CASPR2 autoantibodies induce changes in electrophysiology, functional MRI, and behavior in rodent models","volume":"122","author":"van Hoof","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-024-02831-0","article-title":"Possible temporal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Vasilevska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7866","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03631-y","article-title":"Diverse functional autoantibodies in patients with COVID-19","volume":"595","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9305","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07681-X","article-title":"Viral encephalitis: familiar infections and emerging pathogens","volume":"359","author":"Whitley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9267","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04638-9","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus infections","volume":"357","author":"Whitley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9788","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01440-13","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus 1-encoded tegument protein VP16 abrogates the production of beta interferon (IFN) by inhibiting NF-kappaB activation and blocking IFN regulatory factor 3 to recruit its coactivator CBP","volume":"87","author":"Xing","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.08.001","article-title":"Harnessing patient-derived antibodies-induced microglial complement 1q expression: novel therapy for anti-NMDAR encephalitis","volume":"33","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-002388","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus type 1 in Europe: systematic review, meta-analyses and meta-regressions","volume":"5","author":"Yousuf","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Glob. Health"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11404","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402391101","article-title":"Carbohydrate mimicry between human ganglioside GM1 and Campylobacter jejuni lipooligosaccharide causes Guillain-Barre syndrome","volume":"101","author":"Yuki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02938-3","article-title":"An autoantibody signature predictive for multiple sclerosis","volume":"30","author":"Zamecnik","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-013-0295-0","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus 1 DNA polymerase processivity factor UL42 inhibits TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation by interacting with p65\/RelA and p50\/NF-kappaB1","volume":"202","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Microbiol. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666354626001341?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666354626001341?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T20:17:12Z","timestamp":1789157832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666354626001341"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":79,"alternative-id":["S2666354626001341"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-3546"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-3546","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Associations of viral infections and antiviral vaccinations with anti-NMDAR and other forms of autoimmune encephalitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbih.2026.101301","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101301"}}